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arXiv quant-ph/0301055quant-ph
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量子测量与退相干

Quantum measurement and decoherence

G. W. Ford, J. T. Lewis, R. F. O'Connell

摘要:

根据量子测量理论定义的分布函数与量子朗之万方程的结果相结合,讨论了量子布朗运动中的退相干。得到了一对波包的波包扩展和相干衰减的封闭表达式。结果是准确的线性无源耗散的背景下。结果表明,与目前广泛接受的信念,退相干可以发生在高温下的耗散的情况下。表达式的消相干时间与耗散和不耗散得到不同的那些出现在前面的讨论。

英文摘要:

Distribution functions defined in accord with the quantum theory of measurement are combined with results obtained from the quantum Langevin equation to discuss decoherence in quantum Brownian motion. Closed form expressions for wave packet spreading and the attenuation of coherence of a pair of wave packets are obtained. The results are exact within the context of linear passive dissipation. It is shown that, contrary to widely accepted current belief, decoherence can occur at high temperature in the absence of dissipation. Expressions for the decoherence time with and without dissipation are obtained that differ from those appearing in earlier discussions.

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