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arXiv quant-ph/0612028quant-ph
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光子数纠缠态在有耗信道中的多光子通信

Multiphoton communication in lossy channels with photon-number entangled states

Vladyslav C. Usenko, Matteo G. A. Paris

摘要:

我们解决二进制和四进制通信信道的基础上相关的多光子双模状态的辐射存在的损失。该协议是基于光子数的相关性,并实现后,选择一组共享的阈值转换的结果,联合光子数测量到一个符号从一个离散的字母。特别是,我们专注于使用可行的光子数纠缠态(PNES)作为双模相干相关(TMC)或双光束(TWB)状态的信道构建,并将其性能与使用可行的经典相关(可分离)状态构建的信道进行比较。我们发现,PNES提供更大的信道容量的损失的存在下,和TWB为基础的信道可以传输更大量的信息比TMC为基础的在固定的能量和整体损失。优化的位鉴别阈值,以及相应的最大化的互信息,明确评估作为一个函数的光束强度和损失参数。TMC和TWB在有损信道中的传播进行了分析和联合光子数分布的评估,表明光束的统计,无论是亚泊松TMC或超泊松TWB,是不改变的损失。虽然建立基于光子数相关性的通道并不严格需要纠缠,但支持态的纯度与增加安全性有关。相关性和纯度的联合要求使PNES成为建立有效渠道的合适选择。简要讨论了损耗对信道安全性的影响。

英文摘要:

We address binary and quaternary communication channels based on correlated multiphoton two-mode states of radiation in the presence of losses. The protocol are based on photon number correlations and realized upon choosing a shared set of thresholds to convert the outcome of a joint photon number measurement into a symbol from a discrete alphabet. In particular, we focus on channels build using feasible photon-number entangled states (PNES) as two-mode coherently-correlated (TMC) or twin-beam (TWB) states and compare their performances with that of channels built using feasible classically correlated (separable) states. We found that PNES provide larger channel capacity in the presence of loss, and that TWB-based channels may transmit a larger amount of information than TMC-based ones at fixed energy and overall loss. Optimized bit discrimination thresholds, as well as the corresponding maximized mutual information, are explicitly evaluated as a function of the beam intensity and the loss parameter. The propagation of TMC and TWB in lossy channels is analyzed and the joint photon number distribution is evaluated, showing that the beam statistics, either sub-Poissonian for TMC or super-Poissonian for TWB, is not altered by losses. Although entanglement is not strictly needed to establish the channels, which are based on photon-number correlations owned also by separable mixed states, purity of the support state is relevant to increase security. The joint requirement of correlation and purity individuates PNES as a suitable choice to build effective channels. The effects of losses on channel security are briefly discussed.

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