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arXiv quant-ph/0609054quant-ph
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如何测量集体原子自旋激发的量子态

How to Measure the Quantum State of Collective Atomic Spin Excitation

Koji Usami, Jun-ichi Takahashi, Mikio Kozuma

摘要:

原子系综的自旋态可以被看作是两个玻色子模式,即,量子信号模式和$c$编号的“局部极化器”模式,此时大量自旋1/2原子沿某一轴自旋极化并在该轴附近集中操纵。我们提出了一个具体的程序,确定自旋激发数分布,即,集体自旋态的Dicke基中的密度矩阵的对角元素。通过将集体自旋态看作是固有纠缠Dicke态的统计混合,阐明了其多粒子纠缠的物理图象。

英文摘要:

The spin state of an atomic ensemble can be viewed as two bosonic modes, i.e., a quantum signal mode and a $c$-numbered ``local oscillator'' mode when large numbers of spin-1/2 atoms are spin-polarized along a certain axis and collectively manipulated within the vicinity of the axis. We present a concrete procedure which determines the spin-excitation-number distribution, i.e., the diagonal elements of the density matrix in the Dicke basis for the collective spin state. By seeing the collective spin state as a statistical mixture of the inherently-entangled Dicke states, the physical picture of its multi-particle entanglement is made clear.

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