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arXiv quant-ph/0509167quant-phcond-mat.stat-mechmath-phmath.MP
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一般格点上谐振子系统的关联、谱隙和纠缠

Correlations, spectral gap, and entanglement in harmonic quantum systems on generic lattices

M. Cramer, J. Eisert

摘要:

我们研究了谐振格点系统中基态和第一激发态能量之间的间隙与关联函数衰减之间的关系。我们证明了在带隙系统中,基态和热态的相关性都是指数衰减的。考虑到相反的方向,我们表明,一个能隙可以遵循代数衰减和总是指数衰减。底层格被描述为不一定是整数维的一般图,包括作为特殊情况的立方格的几何不变的实例。允许位置和动量坐标中的任何局部二次耦合,导致准自由(高斯)基态。我们利用的方法推导出的带状矩阵的矩阵函数的边界对应于一般图上的局部相互作用。最后,我们给出了一个明确的纠缠面积关系的能隙的任意,不一定连续的区域上的晶格特征一般的图形。

英文摘要:

We investigate the relationship between the gap between the energy of the ground state and the first excited state and the decay of correlation functions in harmonic lattice systems. We prove that in gapped systems, the exponential decay of correlations follows for both the ground state and thermal states. Considering the converse direction, we show that an energy gap can follow from algebraic decay and always does for exponential decay. The underlying lattices are described as general graphs of not necessarily integer dimension, including translationally invariant instances of cubic lattices as special cases. Any local quadratic couplings in position and momentum coordinates are allowed for, leading to quasi-free (Gaussian) ground states. We make use of methods of deriving bounds to matrix functions of banded matrices corresponding to local interactions on general graphs. Finally, we give an explicit entanglement-area relationship in terms of the energy gap for arbitrary, not necessarily contiguous regions on lattices characterized by general graphs.

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