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arXiv quant-ph/0502105quant-ph
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Dirac理论中质量依赖于位置的粒子的Kepler问题

Kepler problem in Dirac theory for a particle with position-dependent mass

I. O. Vakarchuk

摘要:

对于势能和质量与力心距离成反比的粒子,求出了狄拉克方程的精确解,只要质量表达式中的长度尺度$a$小于经典电子半径$e^2/mc^2$,就存在束缚态.此外,即使在没有库仑相互作用的情况下,对于$a$的负值也存在束缚态。对能量进行了准相对论展开,得到了修正的能级精细结构表达式。讨论了质量依赖于位置的薛定谔方程中的动能算符问题。特别地,我们发现对于高激发态,非相对论理论中的质量和动量逆算符的相互序并不重要。

英文摘要:

Exact solution of Dirac equation for a particle whose potential energy and mass are inversely proportional to the distance from the force centre has been found. The bound states exist provided the length scale $a$ which appears in the expression for the mass is smaller than the classical electron radius $e^2/mc^2$. Furthermore, bound states also exist for negative values of $a$ even in the absence of the Coulomb interaction. Quasirelativistic expansion of the energy has been carried out, and a modified expression for the fine structure of energy levels has been obtained. The problem of kinetic energy operator in the Schrödinger equation is discussed for the case of position-dependent mass. In particular, we have found that for highly excited states the mutual ordering of the inverse mass and momentum operator in the non-relativistic theory is not important.

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