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arXiv quant-ph/0412027quant-ph
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利用集体和个体测量估计纯量子比特态

Estimation of pure qubit states with collective and individual measurements

E. Bagan, A. Monras, R. Munoz-Tapia

摘要:

我们分析了一个量子比特纯态的估计通过本地测量$N$相同的副本,并比较其平均保真度的各向同性先验概率分布的绝对上限集体测量。我们讨论两种情况:第一种是将状态限制在布洛赫球的赤道上,形式上等价于相位估计;第二种是对状态没有约束,也可以被认为是使用由$N$平行自旋构成的量子箭头来估计空间中的方向。我们讨论了各种计划,没有经典的通信和比较他们的效率。我们表明,最一般的集体测量的保真度总是可以实现渐近与本地测量和没有经典的通信。

英文摘要:

We analyze the estimation of a qubit pure state by means of local measurements on $N$ identical copies and compare its averaged fidelity for an isotropic prior probability distribution to the absolute upper bound given by collective measurements. We discuss two situations: the first one, where the state is restricted to lie on the equator of the Bloch sphere, is formally equivalent to phase estimation; the second one, where there is no constrain on the state, can also be regarded as the estimation of a direction in space using a quantum arrow made out of $N$ parallel spins. We discuss various schemes with and without classical communication and compare their efficiency. We show that the fidelity of the most general collective measurement can always be achieved asymptotically with local measurements and no classical communication.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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