集体耗散控制的三端三量子比特XXZ自旋链中的热整流与熵产生

中文摘要 AI 辅助

我们研究了三量子比特XXZ自旋链中的热整流及其热力学代价，该自旋链与三个热库耦合：两个局域热库分别连接边界量子比特，以及一个集体热库同时耦合中间和右侧量子比特。这种非对称耗散架构使得集体环境能够主动重塑能量输运。我们表明，集体热库所携带的热流随其温度变化而改变符号，并且自旋链的各向异性提供了抑制边界热流的有效内部控制参数。这些特性在最大偏置下产生约3.36%的热整流系数，在强各向异性区域最高可达20.1%，尽管后者以热流严重减小为代价。除整流外，我们评估了稳态熵产生率，并在集体电流反转附近识别出一个低不可逆性运行窗口，而增加局域边界耦合则单调地提高热力学代价。我们的结果确立了集体耗散作为量子热输运的可调控制机制，并揭示了整流、热流幅度和不可逆损失之间非平凡的权衡关系。

英文摘要

We investigate thermal rectification and its thermodynamic cost in a three-qubit XXZ spin chain coupled to three thermal reservoirs: two local baths attached to the boundary qubits and a collective bath jointly coupled to the middle and right qubits. This asymmetric dissipative architecture allows the collective environment to actively reshape energy transport. We show that the heat current carried by the collective bath changes sign as its temperature is varied, and that the spin-chain anisotropy provides an effective internal control parameter for suppressing the boundary heat currents. These features yield thermal rectification coefficients of about $3.36\%$ at maximum bias and up to $20.1\%$ in the strongly anisotropic regime, although the latter comes at the cost of severely reduced heat currents. Beyond rectification, we evaluate the steady-state entropy production rate and identify a low-irreversibility operating window near the collective-current reversal, whereas increasing the local boundary couplings monotonically raises the thermodynamic cost. Our results establish collective dissipation as a tunable control mechanism for quantum heat transport and uncover a nontrivial trade-off among rectification, heat-current magnitude, and irreversible losses.

发表机构

• Sirjan University of Technology（锡尔詹理工大学）

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