量子比特重置中的集体优势：相干量子比特的效应
Approaching the Landauer Bound without Slowing Down
AI总结：
本文从准静态过程、有限时间重置和规模效应三方面证明相干量子比特集体重置在热力学代价和性能上优于并行重置，为量子器件制造提供理论蓝图。
摘要：
兰道尔原理为量子比特重置的热力学代价设定了一个下界，该下界仅在准静态过程中可达。在本文中，我们从三个方面探讨相干量子比特集体重置的集体优势。首先，对于准静态过程，由于纠缠效应导致希尔伯特空间维度降低，集体重置的热力学代价显著低于并行重置。其次，对于有限时间量子比特重置，我们证明在热力学极限下，对于初始连续协议，错误概率逐渐消失，且每个量子比特的产热趋于兰道尔界。第三，我们表明量子比特重置性能随着量子比特数量的增加而提升。我们的结果通过不同协议加以说明，为未来量子器件的制造提供了蓝图。
英文摘要：
Finite-time memory erasure is conventionally understood to incur an additional energy cost beyond the Landauer bound. Whether this bound can be approached without taking the infinite-time limit remains open. Based on a quantum speed limit, we identify coherence between degenerate states as a resource that allows the Landauer bound to be approached at a finite operation time. For both the $2N$-state and collective spin models, we show that the minimum dissipated heat and the heat generated by continuous protocols approach the Landauer bound at finite operation times, with the corresponding finite-time penalty scaling inversely with system size. We further validate these theoretical predictions numerically for systems coupled to the Ohmic bosonic heat bath with various driving protocols. Our results reveal that operation time is a substitutable resource for approaching the fundamental thermodynamic bound of information erasure.
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