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arXiv quant-ph/0407186quant-ph
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原子光的自发发射：模型

Spontaneous emission of light from atoms: the model

P. Marecki, N. Szpak

备注：
(improved version, minor mistakes removed, accepted by Annalen der Physik)
发表信息：
Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) 14, 428 (2005)
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摘要：

研究了非相对论原子系统与量子电磁场的相互作用。所得到的模型描述了光从被QEF的各种初始状态包围的二能级原子的自发发射。我们假设，量子场通过标准的，最小耦合哈密顿量与原子相互作用，忽略$A^2$项。我们还假设，最多会出现单个激发（光子）。通过在一般水平上进行分析，我们允许QEF的任意初始状态（例如：真空、腔中的基态或压缩态）。我们推导出一个Volterra型方程，它支配的激发态的振幅的时间演化。QEF的初始状态的两点函数，结合原子波函数的组合，形成了这个方程的核心。

英文摘要：

We investigate (non-relativistic) atomic systems interacting with quantum electromagnetic field (QEF). The resulting model describes spontaneous emission of light from a two-level atom surrounded by various initial states of the QEF. We assume, that the quantum field interacts with the atom via the standard, minimal-coupling Hamiltonian, with the $A^2$ term neglected. We also assume, that there will appear at most single excitations (photons). By conducting the analysis on a general level we allow for an arbitrary initial state of the QEF (which can be for instance: the vacuum, the ground state in a cavity, or the squeezed state). We derive a Volterra-type equation which governs the time evolution of the amplitude of the excited state. The two-point function of the initial state of the QEF, integrated with a combination of atomic wavefunctions, forms the kernel of this equation.

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