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arXiv quant-ph/0403050quant-ph
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库仑散射问题的正则化

Regularization of the Coulomb scattering problem

V. G. Baryshevskii, I. D. Feranchuk, P. B. Kats

摘要:

库仑势的薛定谔方程的精确解被用于稳态和含时散射理论的范围内,以便找到当散射角趋于零但离中心的距离r保持固定时定义卢瑟福截面正则化的参数。研究了库仑场中粒子在离中心较大但有限距离r处的角分布。结果表明,标准的波函数的渐近表示是不可用的情况下,小散射角被认为是。分析了散射矩阵的酉性,并讨论了这种情况下的“光学”定理。总散射截面和输运截面的库仑中心的粒子被证明是有限的值,并计算的解析形式。它表明,所考虑的效果可以是必不可少的所观察到的特性的半导体中的传输过程中所定义的带电杂质中心的字段中的电子和空穴散射。

英文摘要:

Exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for the Coulomb potential are used in the scope of both stationary and time-dependent scattering theories in order to find the parameters which define regularization of the Rutherford cross-section when the scattering angle tends to zero but the distance r from the center remains fixed. Angular distribution of the particles scattered in the Coulomb field is investigated on the rather large but finite distance r from the center. It is shown that the standard asymptotic representation of the wave functions is not available in the case when small scattering angles are considered. Unitary property of the scattering matrix is analyzed and the "optical" theorem for this case is discussed. The total and transport cross-sections for scattering of the particle by the Coulomb center proved to be finite values and are calculated in the analytical form. It is shown that the considered effects can be essential for the observed characteristics of the transport processes in semiconductors which are defined by the electron and hole scattering in the fields of the charged impurity centers.

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