Temperature Dependence of the Casimir Force for Metals
I. Brevik, J. B. Aarseth, J. S. Hoye, K. A. Milton
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12 pages, includes 5 eps figures, uses Rinton-P9x6.cls. Contribution to the Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Quantum Field Theory Under the Influence of External Conditions (QFEXT03), Norman, OK Sept. 2003
Starting from the Lifshitz formula for the Casimir force between parallel plates we calculate the difference between the forces at two different settings, one in which the temperature is $T_1=350$ K, the other when $T_2=300$ K. As material we choose gold, and make use of the Drude dispersion relation. Our results, which are shown graphically, should be directly comparable to experiment. As an analogous calculation based upon the plasma dispersion relation leads to a different theoretical force difference, an experiment of this kind would be a decisive test. We also present an analogous calculation for the case when the two plates are replaced with a sphere-plate system, still with gold as material in both bodies. The sphere is assumed so large that the proximity theorem holds. Discussion of the consistency with the third law of thermodynamics and the validity of the surface impedance approach is provided.
In the low energy effective theory of the weak interaction, a macroscopic force arises when pairs of neutrinos are exchanged. We calculate the neutrino Casimir force between plates, allowing for two different mass eigenstates within the loop. We also provide the general potential between point sources. We discuss the possibility of distinguishing whether neutrinos are Majorana or Dirac fermions using these quantum forces.
International Center for Quantum-field Measurement Systems for Studies of the Universe and Particles (QUP, WPI), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（宇宙与粒子研究量子场测量系统国际中心（QUP，WPI），高能加速器研究机构（KEK））；Theory Center, Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies (IPNS), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构（KEK）粒子与核研究研究所（IPNS）理论中心）；Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)（高级研究大学院大学（SOKENDAI））；Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo（东京大学 UTIAS 宇宙物理与数学卡弗里研究所（WPI））；High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构（KEK））
It is well known that residual electrostatic forces create significant difficulties to precise measurements of the Casimir force and to wide use of Casimir-operated microdevices. We experimentally demonstrate that with the help of Ar-ion cleaning of the surfaces it is possible to make electrostatic effects negligibly small as compared to the Casimir interaction. Our experimental setup consists of the dynamic atomic force microscope supplemented with an Ar-ion gun and argon reservoir. The residual potential difference between the Au-coated surfaces of a sphere and a plate was measured both befo…
The widely-adopted proximity-force approximation (PFA) to estimate normal Casimir forces is known to be asymptotically exact at vanishing separations. In this letter, we propose a correction to the PFA, which is sufficiently accurate in predicting displacement-induced lateral Casimir forces between a sphere and a grating, for separation-to-radius ratio up to 0.5, far beyond the limit within which the application of PFA is previously restricted. Our result allows convenient estimation of Casimir interactions and thus shall be useful in relevant experimental and engineering Casimir applications.…
Thermal noise limitations to force measurements with torsion pendulums: Applications to the measurement of the Casimir force and its thermal correction
本文证明了最近在真空洛伦兹力计算的基础上得到的材料平面空腔中平板所受力的公式[C. Raabe和D.- G. Welsch，Phys.Rev.A71，013814（2005）]描述了一种（中等）屏蔽的Casimir力以及除此之外的一种中等辅助力。后一种力也描述了作用在空腔介质上的力。对于稀介质，它意味着在大的Casimir-Polder型和库仑型的原子-镜相互作用在小的原子-镜距离的符号是不敏感的极化率类型（电或磁）的原子。
