Ole Steuernagel
Classical optical interference experiments correspond to a measurement of the first-order correlation function of the electromagnetic field. The converse of this statement: experiments that measure the first order correlation functions do not distinguish between the quantum and classical theories of light, does not always hold. A counterexample is given.
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Quantum interference of correlated particles is a fundamental quantum phenomenon which carries signatures of the statistics properties of the particles, such as bunching or anti-bunching. In presence of particular symmetries, interference effects take place with high visibility, one of the simplest cases being the suppression of coincident detection in the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Tichy et al. recently demonstrated a simple sufficient criterion for the suppression of output events in the more general case of Fourier multi-port beam splitters. Here we study the case in which $2^q$ particles (eith…
Phase-noise induced many-body interference suppression in Gaussian Boson Sampling
本研究通过海森堡绘景张量网络形式研究高斯玻色采样，揭示相位扩散逐步抑制多体干涉，建立了连接相位涨落与量子干涉丧失的透明框架。
We discuss quantum interference effects in a three-level atom in lambda-configuration, where both transitions from the upper state to the lower states are driven by a single monochromatic laser field. Although the system has two lower states, quantum interference is possible because there are interfering pathways to each of the two lower states. The additional interference terms allow for interesting effects such as the suppression of a dark state which is present without the interference. Finally we examine a narrow spectral feature in the resonance fluorescence of the atom with quantum inter…
We describe two-photon absorption processes excited by entangled pairs, but not by non-entangled pairs of the same energy and polarization. Photon states are selected for destructive interference in the non-entangled process between different sequences of absorption via multiple intermediate states. A non-zero entangled absorption cross section is obtained by varying the entanglement time and pair delay parameters. Detailed energy and polarization requirements are derived for Rb 5S1/2 --> 5D3/2 transitions. Applications to Quantum Steganography and Quantum Key Distribution are discussed.
Active interference suppression in frequency-division-multiplexed quantum gates via off-resonant microwave tones
针对频分复用量子门中离共振微波音调引起的干扰，提出主动干扰抑制方法，通过引入离共振正交或准正交音调使门保真度随音调数平方反比提升，并优化频率分配缓解快速振荡导致的保真度下降。
Beyond the regime of distinguishable particles, many-body quantum interferences influence quantum transport in an intricate manner. However, symmetries of the single-particle transformation matrix alleviate this complexity and even allow the analytic formulation of suppression laws, which predict final states to occur with a vanishing probability due to total destructive interference. Here we investigate the symmetries of hypercube graphs and their generalizations with arbitrary identical subgraphs on all vertices. We find that initial many-particle states, which are invariant under self-inver…
Photonic interference is a key quantum resource for optical quantum computation, and in particular for so-called boson sampling machines. In interferometers with certain symmetries, genuine multiphoton quantum interference effectively suppresses certain sets of events, as in the original Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. Recently, it was shown that some classical and semi-classical models could be ruled out by identifying such suppressions in Fourier interferometers. Here we propose a suppression law suitable for random-input experiments in multimode Sylvester interferometers, and verify it experimentall…
Families of bosonic suppression laws beyond the permutation symmetry principle
本研究针对玻色子多光子干涉的抑制定律，利用Fock态干涉递推关系，发现了超越置换对称性原理的大量抑制定律族，拓展了量子干涉相关理论认知。
The spontaneous emission is investigated for an effective atomic two-level system in an intense coherent field with frequency lower than the vacuum-induced decay width. As this additional low-frequency field is assumed to be intense, multiphoton processes may be induced, which can be seen as alternative transition pathways in addition to the simple spontaneous decay. The interplay of the various interfering transition pathways influences the decay dynamics of the two-level system and may be used to slow down the spontaneous decay considerably. We derive from first principles an expression for …
The Schwinger process in strong electric fields creates particles and antiparticles that are entangled. The entropy of entanglement between particles and antiparticles has been found to be equal to the statistical Gibbs entropy of the produced system. Here we study the effect of quantum interference in sequences of electric pulses, and show that quantum interference suppresses the entanglement entropy of the created quantum state. This is potentially relevant to quantum-enhanced classical communications. Our results can be extended to a wide variety of two-level quantum systems.
We analyze statistical consequences of a conjecture that there exists a fundamental (indivisible) quant of time. We study particle dynamics with discrete time. We show that a quantum-like interference pattern could appear as a statistical effect for deterministic particles, i.e. particles that have trajectories and obey deterministic dynamical equations, if one introduces a discrete time. As a demonstration of this concept we consider particle scattering on a screen with a slit. We study how resulting interference picture depends on the parameters of the model. The resulting interference pictu…
The nonclassical effect of photon anti-bunching is observed in the mixed field of a narrow band two-photon source and a coherent field under certain condition. A variety of different features in photon statistics are found to be the consequence of a two-photon interference effect with dependence on the relative phase of the fields. Besides the anti-bunching effect, we find another one of the features to be also nonclassical. These features emphasize the importance of quantum entanglement.
The identification of phenomena able to pinpoint quantum interference is attracting large interest. Indeed, a generalization of the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect valid for any number of photons and optical modes would represent an important leap ahead both from a fundamental perspective and for practical applications, such as certification of photonic quantum devices, whose computational speedup is expected to depend critically on multiparticle interference. Quantum distinctive features have been predicted for many particles injected into multimode interferometers implementing the Fourier transformati…
Identical particles exhibit correlations even in the absence of inter-particle interaction, due to the exchange (anti)symmetry of the many-particle wavefunction. Two fermions obey the Pauli principle and anti-bunch, whereas two bosons favor bunched, doubly occupied states. Here, we show that the collective interference of three or more particles leads to a much more diverse behavior than expected from the boson-fermion dichotomy known from quantum statistical mechanics. The emerging complexity of many-particle interference is tamed by a simple law for the strict suppression of events in the Be…
What meter interference can tell us about the statistics of weak measurements
该研究通过分析弱测量中仪表系统的量子动力学，建立了后选择概率与仪表读数统计中量子干涉的普适关系，揭示了计干扰的统计模式可用于排除弱值实验观测中的统计假象。
We demonstrate the emission of highly indistinguishable photons from a quasi-resonantly pumped coupled quantum dot--microcavity system operating in the regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics. Changing the sample temperature allows us to vary the quantum dot--cavity detuning, and on spectral resonance we observe a three-fold improvement in the Hong--Ou--Mandel interference visibility, reaching values in excess of 80\%. Our measurements off-resonance allow us to investigate varying Purcell enhancements, and to probe the dephasing environment at different temperatures and energy scales. By comp…
A Reconstruction of Michelson Interference from On--Off Detection Statistics
本研究仅基于单光子计数器的开关探测统计量与宏观光程差数据，利用离散探测统计量的代数性质及赫尔格洛茨定理，重构迈克尔逊干涉现象，无需波模型等先验假设，契合现代光学实验环境。
Photon anti-bunching, measured via the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss experiment, is one of the key signatures of quantum light and is tied to sub-Poissonian photon number statistics. Recently, it has been reported that photon anti-bunching or conditional sub-Poissonian photon number statistics can be obtained via second-order interference of mutually incoherent weak lasers and heralding based on photon counting. Here, we report theoretical analysis on the limits of manipulating conditional photon statistics via interference of weak lasers. It is shown that conditional photon number statistics can become…
We elucidate generally the interference of independent Bose fields in view of the conditional probability for the particle number measurements, and clarify its relation to the source number statistics. Despite lack of intrinsic phases, the interference phase can be inferred from the particle number registered at one detector by using the classical mean fields. If the conditional number distributions for the other detectors, given the outcome of the first detector, exhibit sufficiently narrow peaks around the values specified by the estimated phases, the mean field description is valid in a sin…
We develop a rigorous connection between statistical properties of an interference pattern and the coherence properties of the underlying quantum state. With explicit examples, we demonstrate that even for inaccurate reconstructions of interference patterns properly defined statistical moments permit a reliable characterization of quantum coherence.
According to the identity principle in quantum theory, states of a system consisted of identical particles should maintain unchanged under interchanging between two of the particles. The whole wavefunction should be symmetrized or antisymmetrized. This leads to statistical correlations between particles, which exhibit observable effects. We design an experiment to directly observe such effects for bosons. The experiment is performed with two photons. The effect of statistical correlations is clearly observed when the wavepackets of two photons are completely overlapped, and this effect varies …
Measurement-Feedback Quantum Information Engine: Coherence-Transition Interference and Correlated Work Statistics
该研究针对量子信息引擎，建立机制分辨的功统计与时间关联理论，揭示相干性转变干涉的映射规律，发现反馈记忆可降低记录重置成本，关联相干功统计与信息热力学。
Interference-Induced Suppression of Doublon Transport and Prethermalization in the Extended Bose-Hubbard Model
该研究提出了一种无杂波的抑制机制，通过引入优化的最近邻对跃迁项，破坏主导的虚拟跃迁通道，从而抑制双体在强相互作用玻色-哈伯德模型中的相干运动，并发现预热 plateau 的形成。
Statistical-noise-enhanced multi-photon interference
该研究通过调制激光器实现超泊松光子波动，展示了在对称电路中三光子干涉可见度的增强，揭示了量子与经典优势的互补性。
Quantum mechanics for a four-state-system is derived from classical statistics. Entanglement, interference, the difference between identical fermions or bosons and the unitary time evolution find an interpretation within a classical statistical ensemble. Quantum systems are subsystems of larger classical statistical systems, which include the environment or the vacuum. They are characterized by incomplete statistics in the sense that the classical correlation function cannot be used for sequences of measurements in the subsystem.
Influence of optical self-injection on statistical properties of laser-pulse interference
本文研究脉冲光自注入对半导体激光器发射及激光脉冲干涉统计特性的影响，实验发现改变反射脉冲到达时间可诱导相位锁定效应，并进行了理论分析。
We investigate the quantum transport in a generalized N-particle Hanbury Brown--Twiss setup enclosing magnetic flux, and demonstrate that the Nth-order cumulant of current cross correlations exhibits Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, while there is no such oscillation in all the lower-order cumulants. The multiparticle interference results from the orbital Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement of N indistinguishable particles. For sufficiently strong Aharonov-Bohm oscillations the generalized Bell inequalities may be violated, proving the N-particle quantum nonlocality.
The Keldysh-ordered full counting statistics is a quasi-probability distribution describing the fluctuations of a time-integrated quantum observable. While it is well known that this distribution can fail to be positive, the interpretation and origin of this negativity has been somewhat unclear. Here, we show how the full counting statistics can be tied to trajectories through Hilbert space, and how this directly connects negative quasi-probabilities to an unusual interference effect. Our findings are illustrated with the example of energy fluctuations in a driven bosonic resonator; we discuss…
We demonstrate optomechanical interference in a multimode system, in which an optical mode couples to two mechanical modes. A phase-dependent excitation-coupling approach is developed, which enables the observation of constructive and destructive optomechanical interferences. The destructive interference prevents the coupling of the mechanical system to the optical mode, suppressing optically-induced mechanical damping. These studies establish optomechanical interference as an essential tool for controlling the interactions between light and mechanical oscillators.
Unravelling inter-channel quantum interference in below-threshold nonsequential double ionization with statistical measures
本文研究了强场近似下非顺序双电离中通道间量子干涉，通过统计度量分析不同通道的贡献，揭示了干涉显著性的关键因素，为干涉机制的层级分类和应用提供指导。
We obtain photon statistics by using a quantum jump approach tailored to a system in which one or two qubits are coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. Photons confined in the waveguide have strong interference effects, which are shown to play a vital role in quantum jumps and photon statistics. For a single qubit, for instance, bunching of transmitted photons is heralded by a jump that increases the qubit population. We show that the distribution and correlations of waiting times offer a clearer and more precise characterization of photon bunching and antibunching. Further, the waiting times…
Determination of the path taken by a quantum particle leads to a suppression of interference and to a classical behavior. We employ here a quantum 'which path' detector to perform accurate path determination in a two-path-electron-interferometer; leading to full suppression of the interference. Following the dephasing process we recover the interference by measuring the cross-correlation between the interferometer and detector currents. Under our measurement conditions every interfering electron is dephased by approximately a single electron in the detector - leading to mutual entanglement of …
Quantum interference between non-identical single particles
本研究利用基于量子存储器的广义分束器实现非全同玻色子间的量子干涉，观测到高可见度的Hong-Ou-Mandel型干涉、玻色到费米统计的转变及多粒子干涉，拓展了量子干涉认知并提供通用实验平台。
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