Decoherence : An irreversible Process
Roland Omnes
一个广泛的退相干理论是从不可逆过程的量子理论中推导出来的，具体的结果主要局限于精确指针基的假设。
A wide-ranging theory of decoherence is derived from the quantum theory of irreversible processes, with specific results having for their main limitation the assumption of an exact pointer basis.
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Refocalization sequences in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can in principle reverse the coherent evolution under the secular dipolar Hamiltonian of a closed system. We use this experimental strategy to study the effect of irreversible decoherence on the signal amplitude attenuation in a single crystal hydrated salt where the nuclear spin system consists in the set of hydration water proton spins having a strong coupling within each pair and a much weaker coupling with other pairs. We study the experimental response of attenuation times with temperature, crystal orientation with respect to th…
Observation of the Transition from Reversible to Irreversible Decoherence of Mesoscopic Quantum Superpositions
本研究通过电路量子电动力学实验，证明不可逆退相干是系统与环境多自由度幺正动力学中涌现的现象，对理解量子-经典过渡至关重要。
If a quantum experiment includes random processes, then the results of repeated measurements can appear consistent with irreversible decoherence even if the system's evolution prior to measurement was reversible and unitary. Two thought experiments are constructed as examples.
Minimal Irreversible Quantum Mechanics: An Axiomatic Formalism
介绍了最小不可逆量子力学的一种公理化形式。结果表明，量子平衡和退相干现象是公理的后果，并且可以定义李雅普诺夫变量，指数生存概率和经典的条件永不减熵。
Low temperature decoherence dynamics in molecular spin systems using the Lindblad master equation
针对低温下分子自旋系统的不可逆退相干问题，提出结合开放量子系统与电子结构理论的方法，利用 Lindblad 主方程显式引入电子结构信息预测弛豫速率，为量子信息与传感等领域提供了描述弛豫效应的框架。
Due to omnipresent environmental interferences, quantum coherences inevitably undergo irreversible transformations over certain time-scales, thus leading to the loss of encoded information. This process, known as decoherence, has been a major obstacle in realizing efficient quantum information processors. Understanding the mechanism of decoherence is crucial in developing tools to inhibit it. Here we utilize a method proposed by Cory and co-workers [Phys. Rev. A 67, 062316 (2003)] to engineer artificial decoherence in the system qubits by randomly perturbing their surrounding ancilla qubits. U…
Measuring irreversible dynamics of a quantum harmonic oscillator
我们表明，一个谐振子耦合到一个两级系统的幺正演化可以撤销一个适当的操纵的两级系统-更具体地说：通过准瞬时相变。这使我们能够隔离振荡器可能暴露的耗散演化。用这种方法研究了腔QED中光子模的退相干，以及囚禁离子的量子化简谐运动的退相干。我们评论的关系，自旋回波和多路径干涉。
Measurement processes can be separated into an entangling interaction between the system and a meter and a subsequent read-out of the meter state that does not involve any further interactions with the system. In the interval between these two stages, the system and the meter are in an entangled state that encodes all possible effects of the read-out in the form of non-local quantum correlations between the system and the meter. Here, we show that the entanglement generated in the system-meter interaction expresses a fundamental relation between the amount of decoherence and the conditional pr…
Evolution towards quasi-equilibrium in nematic liquid crystals studied through decoherence of multi-spin multiple-quantum coherences
通过多自旋多量子相干的去相干研究向列液态晶体中准平衡态的演化，揭示了不可逆绝热去相干的本征选择现象。
The entangled Schrodinger cat state obtained immediately upon measurement of a superposed two-state quantum system is often considered paradoxical because it appears to predict two macroscopically different outcomes, such as an alive and dead cat. However, nonlocal interferometry experiments testing momentum-entangled photon pairs over all phases demonstrate that the cat state does not fit this description and is not paradoxical. Both experiment and theory imply that it instead represents a superposition of two nonlocally coherent (i.e. phase-dependent) statistical correlations between its sub…
Decoherence, irreversibility and the selection by decoherence of quantum states with definite probabilities
本文研究的问题是一个内选择问题，即。e.通过退相干选择具有确定概率的互斥量子态。它的研究是基于不可逆过程的量子理论中的投影方法产生的退相干理论，该理论足够普遍，可以给出可靠的预测。这种方法导致了与只涉及波动的环境的耦合的定义（或重新定义）。微扰微积分的应用范围是广泛的，从而导致一个相当普遍的主方程。两种不同的情况下，退相干，然后发现：（一）一个“退化”的情况下（已经遇到了可解模型），其中退相干量基本上近似对角化;（二）一般情况下，einselected状态基本上是经典的。它们是混合状态。它们的密度算子与微局域投影算子（或“准投影算子”）成比例，这些算子先前在经典性质的量子表达式中引入。在不同的地方发现，我们理解退相干的主要限制是缺乏一个系统的方法来构建集体可观的。
Canonical coupling between classical and quantum systems cannot result in reversible equations, rather it leads to irreversible master equations. Coupling of quantized non-relativistic matter to gravity is illustrated by a simplistic example. The heuristic derivation yields the theory of gravity-related decoherence proposed longtime ago by Penrose and the author.
This work proposes a series of quantum experiments that can, at least in principle, allow for examining microscopic mechanisms associated with decoherence. These experiments can be interpreted as a quantum-mechanical version of non-equilibrium mixing between two volumes separated by a thin interface. One of the principal goals of such experiments is in identifying non-equilibrium conditions when time-symmetric laws give way to time-directional, irreversible processes, which are represented by decoherence at the quantum level. The rate of decoherence is suggested to be examined indirectly, with…
Projective measurements are an essential element of quantum mechanics. In most cases, they cause an irreversible change of the quantum system on which they act. However, measurements can also be used to stabilize quantum states from decay processes, which is known as the quantum Zeno effect (QZE). Here, we demonstrate this effect for the case of a superposition state of a nuclear spin qubit, using an ancilla to perform the measurement. As a result, the quantum state of the qubit is protected against dephasing without relying on an ensemble nature of NMR experiments. We also propose a scheme to…
The experimental confirmation of Landauer principle and the emerging concept of a computational universe make it more and more crucial to understand the physical sense of information, as it has an intrinsic relation with observer knowledge that is often rejected as subjective. In this paper we propose an objective definition of phase information in a purely classical computational universe with quantized phase states, this quantization being imposed by our fundamental hypothesis that physical information has a finite and limited density, responsible for the irreversibility. We use a statistica…
Decoherence: Concepts and Examples
我们给出了一个教学介绍退相干的过程-通过与环境的相互作用经典属性的不可逆的出现。在讨论了一般概念之后，我们给出了以下例子：物体的定域性，量子芝诺效应，QED中场和电荷的经典性，以及引力理论中的退相干。最后，我们强调退相干的重要解释功能。
Operational Threshold for Spatial Entanglement Survival Under Ionizing Decoherence
本文基于微观量子电动力学框架，研究了电离等耗散过程中空间纠缠的演化规律，发现纠缠呈指数衰减并存在区分量子相干与经典状态的操作阈值，为辐射环境下的量子技术设计提供了定量标准。
Quantum decoherence, which appears when a system interacts with its environment in an irreversible way, plays a fundamental role in the description of quantum-to-classical transitions and has been successfully applied in some important experiments. Here, we study the decoherence in noninertial frames for the first time. It is shown that the decoherence and loss of the entanglement generated by the Unruh effect will influence each other remarkably. It is interesting to note that in the case of the total system under decoherence, the sudden death of entanglement may appear for any acceleration. …
On correlation approach to scattering in the decoherence timescale - Towards the theoretical interpretation of NCS and ECS experimental findings
我们提供了一个“第一性原理”的描述散射开放量子系统的Lindblad型动力学。特别是，我们考虑的情况下，散射过程的持续时间是类似的顺序作为散射体的退相干时间。在相当一般的条件下，得到了如下新的结果：不可逆的时间演化可能导致系统的跃迁率降低，这是由散射引起的。这相当于散射强度的不足。文中还提到了与凝聚态质子的中子和电子康普顿散射实验结果的可能联系。
Quantum information stored in a qubit is rapidly lost to the environment. The realization of robust qubits is one of the most important challenges in quantum computing. Herein we propose to embed a logical qubit within the manifold of a qudit as a scheme to preserve quantum information over extended periods of time. Under identical conditions (e.g. decoherence channels) the submanifold of the logical qubit exhibits extended lifetimes compared to a pure two-level system (qubit). The retention of quantum information further improves with separation between the sublevels of the logical qubit. Lif…
A Model for an Irreversible Bias Current in the Superconducting Qubit Measurement Process
超导电荷相位量子比特被认为是为了开发一个模型的测量过程中使用的实验中的Vion等。等人[Science 296 886（2002）]。对于这个模型，我们提出了一种方法，包括在读出过程中的偏置电流在一个根本上不可逆的方式，这是一阶近似的约瑟夫森结倾斜搓衣板电位现象。以Lindblad算符的形式引入了退肩偏置电流，推导并分析了电流偏置读出约瑟夫森结的维格纳函数。在Quantronium实验中使用的读出电流脉冲期间，我们发现最初在对称叠加态中制备的量子比特的相干性在施加偏置电流脉冲后的0.2纳秒时丢失。比实验读出时间短得多的时间尺度。此外，我们看看在量子位操作过程中的电流源的零均值的约翰逊-奈奎斯特噪声的影响，并表明，由于不可逆的偏置电流描述的退相干是一个数量级小于通过添加噪声的可逆倾斜搓衣板势模型。我们的不可逆偏置电流模型也适用于基于持续电流的量子比特，其中状态是通过小电感直流超导量子干涉仪（DC-SQUID）根据其通量测量的。
In many quantum information processing applications, it is important to be able to transfer a quantum state from one location to another - even within a local device. Typical approaches to implement the quantum state transfer rely on unitary evolutions or measurement feedforward operations. However, these existing schemes require accurate pulse operations and/or precise timing controls. Here, we propose a one-way transfer of the quantum state with near unit efficiency using dissipation from a tailored environment. After preparing an initial state, the transfer can be implemented without extern…
Information Erasure and Recover in Quantum Memory
我们表明，量子存储器中的信息可以被擦除，并在必要时完美地恢复。环境的最终状态完全由系统的初始状态决定，这使得可通过系统与辅助系统之间的交换操作来实现并行操作。因此，可以恢复被擦除的信息。当擦除过程中存在不可逆过程时，例如不可逆操作或去相干过程，信息将被永久擦除。我们提出，量子擦除也会给环境散热。并给出了量子擦除的经典极限，该极限与Landauer擦除原理一致。
Measuring Decoherence Due to Quantum Vacuum Fluctuations
本研究计算了粒子电荷突然开关时由真空涨落引起的领头阶退相干效应，并提出实验装置以检测该效应，旨在深入理解真空涨落本质并作为退相干理论的新精度测试。
Quantum Information, Irreversibility and State Collapse in Some Microscopic Models of Measurement
研究了由被测态S（粒子）、探测器D和信息处理装置O组成的测量系统（MS）模型的量子测量问题。对于自旋链和其他O模型，研究了MS观测量测量的态演化。结果表明，由于O态的特殊结构，不能测量区分纯S态和混合S态的MS干涉项。这导致MS希尔伯特空间的减少到O表示，其中MS演化是不可逆的，这在操作形式主义中对应于S态坍缩。在辐射退相干O模型中，Glauber对QED场观测量的限制导致了类似的不可逆MS +场演化。讨论了结果在量子信息框架和Rovelli关系量子力学中的解释。
The CHSH no-signalling game studies Bell nonlocality by showcasing a gap between the win rates of classical strategies, quantum-entangled strategies, and no-signalling strategies. Similarly, the CHSH* single-system game explores the advantage of irreversible processes by showcasing a gap between the win rates of classical reversible strategies, quantum reversible strategies, and irreversible strategies. The irreversible process of erasure rules supreme for the CHSH* single-system game, but this ``erasure advantage'' does not necessarily extend to every single-system game: We introduce the 32-G…
A Method for Modeling Decoherence on a Quantum Information Processor
我们开发并实现了一种方法，用于建模退相干过程的N维量子系统，只需要一个$N^2$维量子环境和随机经典场。这个模型提供的优点是，它可以实现在小型量子信息处理器，以探索半经典和全量子模型之间的中间制度。我们认为特别是$σ_zσ_z$系统环境耦合诱导相干（相位）阻尼，虽然该模型是直接扩展到其他耦合哈密顿。系统的有效的、不可逆的相位阻尼是通过单独在环境上应用附加的随机哈密顿量来获得的，周期性地纠正它，从而不可逆地随机化由于耦合而泄漏到环境中的系统相位信息。这个模型在相位阻尼的情况下是精确可解的，我们用这个解来描述模型在某些极限情况下的行为。在小随机相位突跳的极限下，系统的相干性以随突跳频率线性增加的速率指数衰减。在强反冲的情况下，我们观察到系统与环境的有效解耦。我们提出了一个详细的实现方法的核磁共振量子信息处理器。
We study the dynamics of quantum coherence under Unruh thermal noise and seek under which condition the coherence can be frozen in a relativistic setting. We find that the frozen condition is either (i) the initial state is prepared as a incoherence state, or (ii) the detectors have no interaction with the external field. That is to say, the decoherence of detectors' quantum state is irreversible under the influence of thermal noise induced by Unruh radiation. It is shown that quantum coherence approaches zero only in the limit of an infinite acceleration, while quantum entanglement could redu…
Quantum decoherence and an adiabatic process in macroscopic and mesoscopic systems
量子退相干对于弛豫到平衡分布以及相应地对于平衡过程是至关重要的。我们演示了如何相干破缺意味着演化到微正则分布（"微正则假设“），并在此基础上，考虑一个绝热过程，其中没有恒温器。我们强调它与零多方过程的区别，即，一个热容量为零但涉及恒温器的过程。我们找到了绝热过程的分布，并表明：（i）在经典极限下，该分布是正则的;（ii）对于宏观系统，绝热过程和零多方过程的能量平均值相同，但其涨落不同;对于后者，绝热过程通常是不可逆的。
Comment on "Experimental motivation and empirical consistency in minimal no-collapse quantum mechanics"
Schlosshauer提出了一种最小无坍缩量子力学理论，用于测量问题的基于消相干的主观解决方案。其基本前提是叠加态在视网膜外维持，与位于大脑枕叶的神经元阵列相关。这些神经元在放电和休息的叠加中的退相干导致两个分支的不可逆的动态解耦，从而导致单一主观感知的出现。根据先前的视网膜研究，他的理论是站不住脚的几个原因。
Emergent Decoherence Dynamics in Doubly Disordered Spin Networks
本文在双重无序电子-核自旋网络中发现鲁棒的涌现退相干定律，揭示其源于电子介导长程相互作用与核网络亚扩散输运两个通道，并证明无序可保护相干性，为设计长寿命量子存储器提供新原理。
Giant-Atom Quantum Batteries
针对量子电池受环境退相干影响而老化的难题，提出利用巨原子非局域耦合的编织构型，实现退相干免疫的相干充电，并支持长程手性单向能量转移，为抗退相干充电协议提供指导。
The importance of quantum decoherence in brain processes
它表明如何环境退相干发挥了重要的和建设性的作用，在量子力学理论的大脑过程，具有显着的解释力。
Effective descriptions accounting for the evolution of quantum systems that are acted on by a bath are desirable. As the number of bath degrees of freedom increases and full quantum simulations turn out computationally prohibitive, simpler models become essential to understand and gain an insight into the main physical mechanisms involved in the system dynamics. In this regard, vibrational decoherence of an I$_2$ diatomics is tackled here within the framework of Markovian quantum state diffusion. The I$_2$ dynamics are analyzed in terms of an effective decoherence rate, $Λ$, and the specific c…
Inhibiting decoherence via ancilla processes
导出了防止单个二态量子系统（量子比特）在热浴中退相干的一般条件。为此目的所需的辅助系统，只是假设是弱的一般条件，而各种例子，如额外的量子比特和额外的经典领域的研究应用在量子信息处理。一般情况下，证实与众所周知的方法抑制退相干。提出了一种新的无消相干量子存储和量子操作的方法，将量子比特放置在球的中心，并在球的表面放置额外的量子比特。
Decoherence assisting a measurement-driven quantum evolution process
研究了在不使用幺正变换的情况下，将未知的初始混合量子态驱动到已知的纯态上的问题。这可以通过在至少两个无偏基础上的连续测量的帮助以有效的方式实现。然而，在这里我们发现，当系统受到退相干机制的影响时，为了实现相同的目标，只需要一个可观测量。以这种方式，退相干可以辅助该过程。我们表明，根据退相干的排序，该过程可以收敛得更快或更慢，比通过两个互补的可观测量实现的方法。
Quantum decoherence plays a pivotal role in the dynamical description of the quantum-to-classical transition and is the main impediment to the realization of devices for quantum information processing. This paper gives an overview of the theory and experimental observation of the decoherence mechanism. We introduce the essential concepts and the mathematical formalism of decoherence, focusing on the picture of the decoherence process as a continuous monitoring of a quantum system by its environment. We review several classes of decoherence models and discuss the description of the decoherence …
Decoherence-Free Quantum Information Processing with Four-Photon Entangled States
无退相干态保护量子信息免受集体噪声的影响，集体噪声是当前量子通信和计算实现中退相干的主要原因。在这里，我们证明了自发参量下转换可以用来产生四光子态，使一个量子比特的编码在一个消相干的子空间。通过对编码后的量子比特进行量子态层析成像，验证了该方法的抗噪声能力。我们表明，特定状态的编码量子比特可以区分本地测量的四个光子。
We characterized unital quantum channels of single photon polarization qubits. The channels are composed of two birefringent crystals and wave-plates, where their decoherence properties are controlled. An experimental comparison between two different depolarizing configurations was performed using a quantum process tomography procedure. The results are with a high fidelity to the theoretical predictions.
In this paper, we have estimated the temperature dependent path predictability for an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The increment of path predictability can directly be associated with stronger decoherence process. We have also theoretically predicted that placing two detectors in both the paths, which are at the same equilibrium temperature with the system, erases all the memory of path information and hence acts like a quantum eraser.
The attenuation of fringe contrast in a Ramsey interferometer induced by the atom-field interaction is analyzed. We show that short-time power series expansion is not the proper tool to find the relevant time scale for such process. Analytical expressions to quantify the relevant time scale for the fringe contrast decay and to characterize the long-term effectiveness of this process are proposed. For Pegg-Barnett phase state initial conditions, these expressions suggest that: the increase of the energy of the field leads to slower vanishing of fringe contrast; the increase of the field photon …
The unavoidable and irreversible interaction between an entangled quantum system and its environment causes decoherence of the individual qubits as well as degradation of the entanglement between them. Entanglement sudden death (ESD) is the phenomenon wherein disentanglement happens in finite time even when individual qubits decohere only asymptotically in time due to noise. Prolonging the entanglement is essential for the practical realization of entanglement-based quantum information and computation protocols. For this purpose, the local NOT operation in the computational basis on one or bot…
Numerical Simulation of Decoherence-control Processes in Quantum Computers
使用量子比特与环境相互作用的演化的数值模拟，我们表明，量子错误检测和校正可以有效地工作，即使在恢复过程中引入错误。
I give a pedagogical overview of decoherence and its role in providing a dynamical account of the quantum-to-classical transition. The formalism and concepts of decoherence theory are reviewed, followed by a survey of master equations and decoherence models. I also discuss methods for mitigating decoherence in quantum information processing and describe selected experimental investigations of decoherence processes.
Characterizing a quantum process is the critical first step towards applying such a process in a quantum information protocol. Full process characterization is known to be extremely resource-intensive, motivating the search for more efficient ways to extract salient information about the process. An example is the identification of "decoherence-free subspaces", in which computation or communications may be carried out, immune to the principal sources of decoherence in the system. Here we propose and demonstrate a protocol which enables one to directly identify a DFS without carrying out a full…
Given a many-body system, we define a quantity, the Codification Volume of an operator algebra, which measures the size of the subspace with whom a given algebra is correlated. We explicitly calculate it for some limit cases, including vacuum states of local Hamiltonians and random states taken from the Haar ensemble. We argue that this volume should grow irreversibly in a thermalization process, and illustrate it numerically on a non-integrable quantum spin chain.
For a certain class of isolated quantum systems, we report the existence of irreversible processes in which the energy is not dissipated. After a closed cycle in which the initial energy distribution is fully recovered, the expectation value of a symmetry-breaking observable changes from a value different from zero in the initial state, to zero in the final state. This entails the unavoidable loss of a certain amount of information, and constitutes a source of irreversibility. We show that the von Neumann entropy of time-averaged equilibrium states increases in the same magnitude as a conseque…
Driven chaotic mesoscopic systems, dissipation and decoherence
受驱动混沌系统在介观物理学、核物理、原子物理和分子物理中都有重要的研究意义。这样的系统[坐标$(Q,P)$ ] $ tend to absorb energy. This irreversible effect is known as dissipation. "Driving" means that a parameter $ x $ is changed in time. More generally, $ x $ may be a dynamical variable. In such case the interaction of $（x，p）$ with the environmental degrees of freedom $（Q，P）$导致退相以及耗散。我们介绍了一个一般框架的耗散和退相的分析，我们澄清了紧密的联系，最近的研究量子不可逆性（也被称为“Loschirtecho”或“保真度”的量子计算）。具体的模型系统，将被提出：粒子在一个盒子里移动的墙壁驱动，和粒子在一个盒子/环驱动的电动势。这两个例子与核摩擦和介观电导的研究有关。
Gamow vectors have been developed in order to give a mathematical description for quantum decay phenomena. Mainly, they have been applied to radioactive phenomena, scattering and to some decoherence models. They play a crucial role in the description of quantum irreversible processes, and in the formulation of time asymmetry in quantum mechanics. In this paper, we use this formalism to describe a well-known phenomenon of irreversibility: the Loschmidt echo. The standard approach considers that the irreversibility of this phenomenon is the result of an additional term in the backward Hamiltonia…
Decoherence, Delocalization and Irreversibility in Quantum Chaotic Systems
研究了经典混沌量子系统中的退相干。以Arnold猫映射和量子被踢转子为例，分别讨论了线性和非线性混沌系统。采用Feynman-Vernon影响泛函理论研究环境对系统的影响。众所周知，量子相干性可以消除相应经典系统中的许多混沌行为。但在一般情况下，与环境的相互作用会迅速削弱量子相干性，并重演许多经典的混沌行为。退相干如何有效地维持混沌，以及由此产生的行为与量子图像的性质如何不同，取决于系统与环境的耦合以及环境的光谱密度和温度。我们展示了如何在量子猫映射的复发丢失和经典遍历恢复由于环境的影响。量子相干性和扩散抑制有助于被踢转子的动力学定位。我们展示了环境引起的影响如何破坏这种本地化。这种影响也可以理解为是由驱动系统的外部噪声引起的。散肩混沌系统的特殊之处在于从可逆动力学到不可逆动力学的明显转变。我们在量子猫映射和踢转子，并区分它从动力学不稳定性和不精确的测量产生的明显的不可逆性这样的转变。通过对量子被踢转子动力学进行时间反演和数值跟踪，我们知道了其他的转子是如何被踢的。
Thermal-fluctuator driven decoherence of an oscillator resonantly coupled to a two-level system
研究热激活双态波动器与振荡器的相互作用如何导致退相干，分析耦合强度对相干振荡和Rabi振荡的影响，揭示非指数相平均驱动的退相干行为。
We discuss the thermodynamics of closed quantum systems driven out of equilibrium by a change in a control parameter and undergoing a unitary process. We compare the work actually done on the system with the one that would be performed along ideal adiabatic and isothermal transformations. The comparison with the latter leads to the introduction of irreversible work, while that with the former leads to the introduction of inner friction. We show that these two quantities can be treated on equal footing, as both can be linked with the heat exchanged in thermalization processes and both can be ex…
Entropy augmentation through subadditive excess: information theory in irreversible processes
本研究利用信息论方法重构Boltzmann碰撞数假设，提出更通用的抽象假设，无需粗粒化即可实现熵增，并为高效计算模拟提供了新路径。
Entropy Cost of "Erasure" in Physically Irreversible Processes
本文基于共轭可观测量的联合熵，证明不可逆过程的补偿熵源于本体论不确定性而非认知不确定性，并由此否定传统信息论形式的兰道尔原理，进而排除现实世界中存在麦克斯韦妖的可能性。
We analyze the quantum process tomography (QPT) in the presence of decoherence, focusing on distinguishing local and non-local decoherence mechanisms for a two-partite system from experimental QPT data. In particular, we consider the $\sqrt{\rm iSWAP}$ gate realized with superconducting phase qubits and calculate the QPT matrix $χ$ in the presence of several local and non-local decoherence processes. We determine specific patterns of these decoherence processes, which can be used for a fast identification of the main decoherence mechanisms from an experimental $χ$-matrix.
We investigate the influences of quantum many-body effects, such as criticality and the existence of factorisation fields, in the thermodynamic cost of establishing a bonding link between two independent quantum spin chains. We provide a physical interpretation of the behavior of irreversible work spent in such process by linking the phenomenology of such quantities to the properties of the spectrum of the system
The systematic expansion method of the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is developed by generalizing the formulation proposed in [J. Phys. A50, 325001 (2017)]. Using this method, we obtain a new formula to calculate the mean work perturbatively which is applicable to systems with degeneracy in the eigenvalues of the Fokker-Planck operator. This method enables us to study how the geometrical symmetry affects thermodynamic description of a Brownian particle. To illustrate the application of the derived theory, we consider the Fokker-Planck equation with a two-dimensional harmonic potential…
We investigate the thermodynamics of a quench realized by turning on an interaction generating pure decoherence. We characterize the work probability distribution function, also with a fluctuation relation, a lower bound of the work and by considering some physical examples.
In this paper, decoherence is studied for quantum systems undergoing adiabatic processes, which are coupled to huge quantum environments. It is shown that decoherence can happen with respect to a preferred basis given by transient self-Hamiltonian.This result can be used to justify a most-often-used definition of quantum work for a system undergoing an adiabatic process, without resorting to measurement.
Experimental investigation of coherence contributions to a nonequilibrium thermodynamic process in a driven quantum system
该研究在NMR量子处理器中实验探索了驱动量子系统的非平衡热力学过程，揭示了相干性生成对不可逆熵产生的贡献，并验证了不可逆熵产生具有下界的广义克劳修斯不等式。
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