单自由度引起的有效不可逆条纹对比度衰减
Effectively irreversible fringe contrast attenuation induced by one degree of freedom
摘要：
分析了原子与光场相互作用引起的Ramsey干涉仪条纹对比度的衰减。我们表明，短时间的幂级数展开是不是合适的工具，找到相关的时间尺度这样的过程。分析表达式，以量化相关的时间尺度的条纹对比度衰减，并表征这一过程的长期有效性。对于Pegg-Barnett相态初始条件，这些表达式表明：场能量的增加导致条纹对比度的缓慢消失;场光子数方差的增加导致最终区域更有效的衰减。相干和热初态的数值模拟与这些结果定性一致。
英文摘要：
The attenuation of fringe contrast in a Ramsey interferometer induced by the atom-field interaction is analyzed. We show that short-time power series expansion is not the proper tool to find the relevant time scale for such process. Analytical expressions to quantify the relevant time scale for the fringe contrast decay and to characterize the long-term effectiveness of this process are proposed. For Pegg-Barnett phase state initial conditions, these expressions suggest that: the increase of the energy of the field leads to slower vanishing of fringe contrast; the increase of the field photon number variance leads to more effective attenuation in the final regime. Numerical simulations with coherent and thermal initial states are in qualitative agreement with such results.
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