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arXiv quant-ph/0008066quant-ph
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非稳态腔中原子的“振动”

"Shaking" of an atom in a non-stationary cavity

A. M. Fedotov, N. B. Narozhny, Yu. E. Lozovik

摘要:

研究了变参数腔体内原子与量子化电磁场的相互作用.通过改变腔参数,可以激发处于初始空腔中的基态原子。我们发现了原子激发的两种机制。第一个是由于原子与腔参数调制产生的非稳态电磁场的相互作用而产生的。如果腔参数变化的特征时间是原子跃迁时间的量级,则光子产生和原子激发的过程是同时进行的,因此原子的激发不能被简化为由动态Casimir效应产生的光子的微不足道的吸收。第二种机制是由于腔参数的快速变化引起原子基态兰姆位移的快速调制而引起的原子的“振动”。最后一种机制与真空动力学Casimir效应无关。此外,它开辟了一个新的渠道,光子产生的非平稳腔。尽管如此,即使忽略新通道的存在,光子产生的过程也会因腔中原子的存在而改变。特别是,它消除了仅创建偶数个光子的限制,并且还更改了创建的光子数的期望值。我们的考虑是基于一个简单的模型,一个二能级原子与单模腔场相互作用。定性地说,我们的结果对物理腔中的真实原子是有效的。

英文摘要:

We consider an atom interacting with a quantized electromagnetic field inside a cavity with variable parameters. The atom in the ground state located in the initially empty cavity can be excited by variation of cavity parameters. We have discovered two mechanisms of atomic excitation. The first arises due to the interaction of the atom with the non-stationary electromagnetic field created by modulation of cavity parameters. If the characteristic time of variation of cavity parameters is of the order of the atomic transition time, the processes of photon creation and atomic excitation are going on simultaneously and hence excitation of the atom cannot be reduced to trivial absorption of the photons produced by the dynamical Casimir effect. The second mechanism is "shaking" of the atom due to fast modulation of its ground state Lamb shift which takes place as a result of fast variation of cavity arameters. The last mechanism has no connection with the vacuum dynamical Casimir effect. Moreover, it opens a new channel of photon creation in the non-stationary cavity. Nevertheless, the process of photon creation is altered by the presence of the atom in the cavity, even if one disregards the existence of the new channel. In particular, it removes the restriction for creation of only even number of photons and also changes the expectation value for the number of created photons. Our consideration is based on a simple model of a two-level atom interacting with a single mode of the cavity field. Qualitatively our results are valid for a real atom in a physical cavity.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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