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arXiv 1507.00271quant-phcond-mat.quant-gas
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光学谐振腔中受驱动量子简并气体的自序stationary states

Self-Ordered stationary states of driven quantum degenerate gases in optical resonators

Raimar M. Sandner, Wolfgang Niedenzu, Francesco Piazza, Helmut Ritsch

摘要:

本文研究了在横向相干抽运光谐振腔中运动的超冷玻色子和费米子的自序过程中量子统计的作用。对于少数粒子,我们数值计算了密度矩阵向耦合原子-腔系统自序定态的非平衡动力学。我们包括粒子和腔场的量子涨落。这些波动与腔冷却一起确定了粒子的稳定分布,其表现出从均匀到空间有序相的过渡,并在腔输出光谱中出现超辐射散射峰。同时,腔场$Q$函数从单峰分布变为双峰分布。虽然有序阈值一般较低的玻色子,我们确认最近预测的零泵强度阈值时,腔光子的动量与费米动量的两倍重合的费米子超辐射散射。

英文摘要:

We study the role of quantum statistics in the self-ordering of ultracold bosons and fermions moving inside an optical resonator with transverse coherent pumping. For few particles we numerically compute the nonequilibrium dynamics of the density matrix towards the self-ordered stationary state of the coupled atom-cavity system. We include quantum fluctuations of the particles and the cavity field. These fluctuations in conjunction with cavity cooling determine the stationary distribution of the particles, which exhibits a transition from a homogeneous to a spatially ordered phase with the appearance of a superradiant scattering peak in the cavity output spectrum. At the same time the cavity field $Q$-function changes from a single to a double peaked distribution. While the ordering threshold is generally lower for bosons, we confirm the recently predicted zero pump strength threshold for superradiant scattering for fermions when the cavity photon momentum coincides with twice the Fermi momentum.

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