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arXiv physics/9611028physics.atom-ph
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两个四能级原子共振荧光的干涉

Interference of Resonance Fluorescence from two four-level atoms

T. Wong, S. M. Tan, M. J. Collett, D. F. Walls

备注：
12 pages, 12 PostScript figure, to be published in PRA
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摘要：

在艾希曼等人最近的一项实验中，对线偏振激光驱动的两个四能级离子的荧光进行了偏振灵敏测量。根据所选择的偏振，观察到不同程度的干涉。我们对该系统进行了理论和数值研究，结果表明，可以在很大程度上通过将原子视为独立的辐射体来理解，这些辐射体由入射激光场的相位同步。干涉及其损失可以用稳态下各种原子跃迁的相干和非相干驱动之间的差异来描述。在数值模拟中，我们使用Monte Carlo波函数方法进行，删除了假设，原子辐射独立，并考虑光电探测过程的细节。这使我们能够看到从单个光电检测中建立的总干涉图案，并且还可以看到超荧光的影响，当原子分离与光波长相当时，超荧光变得非常重要。计算结果与实验结果进行了比较。我们还进行了模拟在非稳态政权，并讨论了干涉图案的可见性和哪些路径的考虑之间的关系。

英文摘要：

In a recent experiment by Eichmann et al., polarization-sensitive measurements of the fluorescence from two four-level ions driven by a linearly polarized laser were made. Depending on the polarization chosen, different degrees of interference were observed. We carry out a theoretical and numerical study of this system, showing that the results can largely be understood by treating the atoms as independent radiators which are synchronized by the phase of the incident laser field. The interference and its loss may be described in terms of the difference between coherent and incoherent driving of the various atomic transitions in the steady-state. In the numerical simulations, which are carried out using the Monte Carlo wave function method, we remove the assumption that the atoms radiate independently and consider the photodetection process in detail. This allows us to see the total interference pattern build up from individual photodetections and also to see the effects of superfluorescence, which become important when the atomic separation is comparable to an optical wavelength. The results of the calculations are compared with the experiment. We also carry out simulations in the non steady-state regime and discuss the relationship between the visibility of the interference pattern and which-path considerations.

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