高平原地区下击暴流的电特性
Electrical Behavior of Downburst-Producing Convective Storms over the High Plains
摘要：
关于对流风暴中微下击暴流生成的大量研究文献集中于对流前环境的热力学因素以及雷达图像观测到的风暴形态。根据地球静止业务环境卫星（GOES）探测器数据得出的产品被认为在热力学环境研究中特别有用。然而，解决得少得多，经常是对流风暴电气化，闪电现象和下击暴流发生之间的关系。以前的研究表明，对流风暴闪电生产的电气化，现象学和极性取决于周围大气的热力学结构，特别是垂直水分分层。因此，描述热力学设置的相关参数将包括对流可用位能（CAPE），由于其对上升气流强度的影响，以及边界层的湿度特性，由于其与降水物理过程的关系。浮力能和水分层结是对流风暴发展和下击暴流产生的重要因素，这一点已经得到讨论。
英文摘要：
A great body of research literature pertaining to microburst generation in convective storms has focused on thermodynamic factors of the pre-convective environment as well as storm morphology as observed by radar imagery. Derived products based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) sounder data have been found to be especially useful in the study of thermodynamic environments. However, addressed much less frequently is the relationship between convective storm electrification, lightning phenomenology and downburst occurrence. Previous research in lightning production by convective storms has identified that electrification, phenomenology, and polarity are dependent upon the thermodynamic structure of the ambient atmosphere, especially vertical moisture stratification. Thus, relevant parameters to describe the thermodynamic setting would include convective available potential energy (CAPE), due to its influence on updraft strength, and moisture characteristics of the boundary layer, due to its relationship to precipitation physical processes. It has already been addressed that buoyant energy and moisture stratification are important factors in convective storm development and downburst generation.
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