Suresh C. Sharma, Satoshi Hamaguchi
The current-driven electrostatic ion-cyclotron (EIC) instability is studied in presence of a transverse dc electric fields in a collisional magnetized dusty plasma. We derive the appropriate charging equation self consistently by using the Vlasov equation.
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Topological Langmuir-Cyclotron Wave (TLCW) is a recently identified topological surface excitation in magnetized plasmas. We show that TLCW originates from the topological phase transition at the Langmuir wave-cyclotron wave resonance. By isofrequency surface analysis and 2D and 3D time-dependent simulations, we demonstrate that the TLCW can propagate robustly along complex phase transition interfaces in a unidirectional manner and without scattering. Because of these desirable features, the TLCW could be explored as an effective mechanism to drive current and flow in magnetized plasmas. The a…
A fluid description for collisionless magnetized plasmas that takes into account the effect of cyclotron resonance has been developed. Following the same approach as the Landau fluid closure, the heat flux components associated with transverse electromagnetic fluctuations are approximated by a linear combination of lower-order moments in wavenumber space. The closure successfully reproduces the linear cyclotron resonance for electromagnetic waves propagating parallel to the ambient magnetic field. In the presence of finite temperature anisotropy, the model gives approximately correct predictio…
A plausible scenario for the gamma ray and the hard x-ray burst in a strongly magnetized plasma, based on the collective plasma maser instability, is proposed. The physical parameters with which this scenario becomes relevant are estimated. The attractive feature of this scenario over the conventional cyclotron radiation theory is discussed.
Electromagnetic radiation is strongly absorbed by the magnetized plasma if its frequency equals the cyclotron frequency of plasma electrons. It is demonstrated that absorption can be completely canceled in the presence of a second radiation beam, or even a magnetostatic field of an undulator, resulting in plasma transparency at the cyclotron frequency. This effect is reminiscent of the electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) of the three-level atomic systems, except that it occurs in a completely {\it classical} plasma. Also, because of the complexity of the classical plasma, index of r…
Ion-beam driven dust-cyclotron and dust-lower-hybrid instabilities in nonthermal dusty magnetoplasmas with dust-charge fluctuation
研究通过离子束驱动非热尘埃磁等离子体中的尘埃环流和尘埃低混频不稳定性，揭示了一种新的弥散模式，分析了其增长率及在不同环境中的应用。
Quasilinear theory of Brillouin resonances in rotating magnetized plasmas
本文研究了旋转磁化等离子体中的角动量交换，发现经典 Landau 和 cyclotron 共振条件失效，提出了包含波频率、惯性效应修正回旋频率与导向中心旋转谐波匹配的新 Brillouin 共振条件，并推导新准线性方程揭示了波驱动径向电流导致角动量吸收。
Ponderomotive forces in magnetized non-thermal space plasmas due to cyclotron waves
本研究评估了磁化非热等离子体中回旋波引起的Washimi-Karpman有质动力，发现Kappa分布的非热效应显著影响其各因子，且不可忽略。
We calculate the transition rates between proton Landau levels due to non-radiative and radiative Coulomb collisions in an electron-proton plasma with strong magnetic field B. Both electron-proton collisions and proton-proton collisions are considered. The roles of the first-order cyclotron absorption and second-order free-free absorption and scattering in determining the line strength and shape as well as the continuum are analysed in detail. We solve the statistical balance equation for the populations of proton Landau levels. For temperatures \sim 10^6-10^7 K, the deviations of the proton p…
In this paper a reduced set of the partial differential wave equations valid in the conversion layer close to O-mode cutoff surface and accounting for the magnetic field 2D inhomogeneity with no restriction to an angle between the toroidal direction and the magnetic field direction is derived. An integral representation of a solution to the derived set of equation is given. For the particular case of small angle between O mode cut-off surface and X mode cut-off surface an explicit expressions for both the electric field components and the conversion coefficients are obtained and its properties…
The low-frequency instability of a cylindrical poorly magnetized plasma with an inward-directed radial electric field is studied changing the gas pressure and the ion cyclotron frequency. The unstable frequency always decreases when the gas pressure is increased indicating collisional effects. At a fixed pressure, the unstable frequency increases with the magnetic field when the B-field is low and decreases at larger magnetic field strength. We find that the transition between these two regimes is obtained when the ion cyclotron frequency equals the ion-neutrals collision frequency. This is in…
We consider wakefield generation in plasmas by electromagnetic pulses propagating perpendicular to a strong magnetic field, in the regime where the electron cyclotron frequency is equal to or larger than the plasma frequency. PIC-simulations reveal that for moderate magnetic field strengths previous results are re-produced, and the wakefield wavenumber spectrum has a clear peak at the inverse skin depth. However, when the cyclotron frequency is significantly larger than the plasma frequency, the wakefield spectrum becomes broad-band, and simultaneously the loss rate of the driving pulse is muc…
On the force exerted on a non-spherical dust grain from homogeneous, stationary, non-magnetized plasma
该研究揭示了稳态非磁化等离子体中的非球形尘埃颗粒会因颗粒与等离子体的相互作用而受力，补充了尘埃等离子体力学相关理论。
Low frequency longitudinal wave instability in magnetized high correlation dusty plasmas is investigated. The dust charging relaxation is taken into account. It is found that the instablity of wave is determined significantly by the frequency of wave, the dust charging relaxation, the shear viscosity and viscoelastic relaxation time, the coupling parameter of high correlation of dust as well the strength of magnetic field.
Nonlinear dynamics of the electron-cyclotron instability driven by the electron $\mathbf{E\times B}$ current in crossed electric and magnetic field is studied. In nonlinear regime the instability proceeds by developing a large amplitude coherent wave driven by the energy input from the fundamental cyclotron resonance. Further evolution shows the formation of the long wavelength envelope akin to the modulational instability. Simultaneously, the ion density shows the development of high-k content responsible for wave focusing and sharp peaks on the periodic cnoidal wave structure. It is shown th…
Using the dielectric theory for a weakly coupled plasma we investigate the stopping power of the ion in a temperature anisotropic magnetized electron plasma. The analysis is based on the assumption that the energy variation of the ion is much less than its kinetic energy. The obtained general expression for stopping power is analyzed for weak and strong magnetic fields (i.e., for the electron cyclotron frequency less than and greater than the plasma frequency), and for low and high ion velocities. It is found that the friction coefficient contains, in addition to the usual velocity independent…
A fluid theory has been developed by taking account of gyro-viscosity to study wave propagation characteristics in a homogeneous pair-ion magnetized plasma with a cylindrical symmetry. The exact dispersion relations derived by the Hankel-Fourier transformation are shown comparable with those observed in the experiment by Oohara and co-workers. The gyro-viscosity is responsible for the change in propagation characteristics of the ion cyclotron wave from forward to backward by suppressing the effect of the thermal pressure which normally causes the forward nature of dispersion. Although the expe…
Plasmas have been recently studied as topological materials. However, a comprehensive picture of topological phases and topological phase transitions in cold magnetized plasmas is still missing. Here we systematically map out all the topological phases and establish the bulk-edge correspondence in cold magnetized plasmas. We find that for the linear eigenmodes, there are 10 topological phases in the parameter space of density $n$, magnetic field $B$, and parallel wavenumber $k_{z}$, separated by the surfaces of Langmuir wave-L wave resonance, Langmuir wave-cyclotron wave resonance, and zero ma…
A generalized hydrodynamical model has been used to study low frequency modes in a strongly coupled, cold, magnetized dusty plasma. Such plasmas exhibit elastic properties due to strong correlations among dust particles and the tensile stresses imparted by the magnetic field. It has been shown that longitudinal compressional Alfven modes and elasticity modified transverse shear mode exist in such a medium. The features of these collective modes are established and discussed.
We report the first experimental evidence of a controlled transition from the generation of periodic bursts of electromagnetic emission into continuous wave regime of a cyclotron maser formed in magnetically confined non-equilibrium plasmas. The kinetic cyclotron instability of the extraordinary wave of weakly inhomogeneous magnetized plasma is driven by the anisotropic electron population resulting from electron cyclotron plasma heating in MHD-stable minimum-B open magnetic trap.
A polar-harmonic unified gas-kinetic scheme for magnetized ion dynamics from cyclotron kinetics to the Hall-Pedersen constitutive limit
本文提出极谐统一气体动理学格式（PH-UGKS），统一求解磁化离子从回旋动理学到霍尔-佩德森漂移扩散的输运，通过精确碰撞-旋转积分和渐近保持实现跨尺度高效模拟。
Beam instabilities in the strongly magnetized electron-positron plasma of pulsar magnetospheres are considered. We analyze the resonance conditions and estimate the growth rates of the Cherenkov and cyclotron instabilities of the ordinary (O), extraordinary (X) and Alfvén modes in two limiting regimes: kinetic and hydrodynamic. As a preliminary step, we reconsider wave dispersion and polarization properties in a one dimensional pair plasma taking into account relativistic thermal effects. We then find the location of the Cherenkov and cyclotron resonance of the X, O and Alfvén waves with the p…
The complex magnetic field of the permanent-magnet electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source MEFISTO located at the University of Bern have been numerically simulated. For the first time the magnetized volume qualified for electron cyclotron resonance at 2.45 GHz and 87.5 mT has been analyzed in highly detailed 3D simulations with unprecedented resolution. New results were obtained from the numerical simulation of 25211 electron trajectories. The evident characteristic ion sputtering trident of hexapole confined ECR sources has been identified with the field and electron trajectory distrib…
Reconstruction of electron velocity distribution function and Gibbs entropy from electron cyclotron emission in magnetized plasmas
提出利用纯X模ECE谐波谱结合最大熵方法与Hankel变换重建电子速度分布与熵，无需辐射计校准，适用于磁化聚变等离子体并支持相空间熵分布获取。
Strongly magnetizing a plasma adds a range of waves that do not exist in unmagnetized plasmas and enlarges the laser-plasma interaction (LPI) landscape. In this paper, we use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to investigate strongly magnetized LPI in one dimension under conditions relevant for magneto-inertial fusion experiments, focusing on a regime where the electron-cyclotron frequency is greater than the plasma frequency and the magnetic field is at an oblique angle with respect to the wave vectors. We show that when electron-cyclotron-like hybrid wave frequency is about half the laser fr…
A theoretical model is presented to study characteristics of dust acoustic shock in a viscous, magnetized and rotating dusty plasma at both fast and slow time scales. By employing reductive perturbation technique the nonlinear Zakharov--Kuznetsov (ZK) equation has been derived for both cases when dust is inactive and dynamic (fast and slow time scales). Both electrons and ions are considered to follow kappa/Cairns distribution. It is observed that the viscosity in both cases when dust is in background and active plays as a key role in dissipation for the propagation of acoustic shock. Magnetic…
Analysis of driven dust vortex flow is presented in a weakly magnetized plasma. The 2D hydrodynamic model is applied to the confined dust cloud in a non-uniform magnetic field in order to recover the dust vortex flow driven in a conservative force field setup, in absence of any non-conservative fields or dust charge variation. Although the time independent electric and magnetic fields included in the analysis provide conservative forcing mechanisms, when the a drift based mechanism, recently observed in a dusty plasma experiment by [M. Puttscher and A. Melzer, Physics of Plasmas, 21,123704(201…
Warm Topological Langmuir Cyclotron Wave
研究温性等离子体中磁化电子中温朗缪尔波与右旋极化波的韦伊尔点退化，发现拓扑电荷为1，预测间隙穿越拓扑边缘模式，通过求解全温流体特征模问题，识别出温性拓扑朗缪尔-环形波。
A robust method for calculating plasma waves absorption in magnetized plasmas and its implementation in the BORAY ray-tracing code
针对传统热等离子体色散计算的收敛与效率问题，提出基于Ronnmark表达式的磁化等离子体波吸收鲁棒计算方法，集成至BORAY射线追踪代码并完成多频段验证，为波加热模拟提供更可靠工具。
Three-dimensional modulation instability of dust-ion-acoustic waves and rogue waves in warm nonthermal magnetized plasmas
本研究针对含非热电子与正电子的暖磁化复杂等离子体，用约化微扰法推导(3+1)维非线性薛定谔方程，分析三维尘埃离子声波调制不稳定性与怪波的参数依赖及应用意义。
The dispersion relation of kinetic Alfvén wave in inertial regime is studied in a three component non-degenerate streaming plasma. A lin- ear dispersion relation using fluid- Vlasov equation for quantum plasma is also derived. The quantum correction CQ raised due to the insertion of Bohm potential in Vlasov model causes the suppression in the Alfven wave frequency and the growth rates of instability. A number of analytical expressions are derived for various modes of propagation. It is also found that many system parameters, i.e, streaming velocity, dust charge, num- ber density and quantum co…
Magnetized nonneutral plasma composed of electrons or positrons couples to the local microwave environment via cyclotron radiation. The equilibrium plasma temperature depends on the microwave energy density near the cyclotron frequency. Fine copper meshes and cryogenic microwave absorbing material were used to lower the effective temperature of the radiation environment in ASACUSA's Cusp trap, resulting in significantly reduced plasma temperature.
The nonlinear propagation of electrostatic dust-acoustic (DA) waves in a magnetized dusty plasma consisting of negatively charged mobile dusts, nonthermal fast electrons and trapped ions with vortex-like distribution is studied. Using the reductive perturbation technique, a Korteweg-de Vries (KdV)-like equation is derived which governs the dynamics of the small-amplitude solitary waves in a magnetized dusty nonthermal plasma. It is found that due to the dust thermal pressure, there exists a critical value $(β_c)$ of the nothermal parameter $β~(>1)$, denoting the percentage of energetic electro…
The existence of the dust acoustic wave (DAW) in a strongly magnetized electron-positron (pair)-dust plasma is demonstrated. In the DAW, the restoring force comes from the pressure of inertialess electrons and positrons, and the dust mass provides the inertia. The waves could be of interest in astrophysical settings such as the supernovae and pulsars, as well as in cluster explosions by intense laser beams in laboratory plasmas.
The self-diffusion phenomenon in a two-dimensional dusty plasma at extremely strong (effective) magnetic fields is studied experimentally and by means of molecular dynamics simulations. In the experiment the high magnetic field is introduced by rotating the particle cloud and observing the particle trajectories in a co-rotating frame, which allows reaching effective magnetic fields up to 3000 Tesla. The experimental results confirm the predictions of the simulations: (i) super-diffusive behavior is found at intermediate time-scales and (ii) the dependence of the self-diffusion coefficient on t…
The electromagnetic modes possibly unstable in strongly magnetized plasmas are identified. The regime where this instability might stand out compared to the incoherent electron-cyclotron radiation is explored. These modes are relevant to the inertial confinement fusion and the gamma ray burst.
Strongly coupled plasmas in which the interaction energy exceeds the kinetic energy play an important role in many astrophysical and laboratory systems including compact stars, laser plasmas and dusty plasmas. They exhibit many unusual collective properties, such as liquid or crystalline behaviour, peculiar oscillation spectra and transport properties. Recently, strongly coupled plasmas were studied in the presence of a strong magnetic field by computer simulations, and strong modifications of their transport properties and oscillation spectra were observed. While strong magnetization is commo…
Propagation and absorption of electromagnetic waves with electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) frequency are experimentally and theoretically investigated for the case of inhomogeneously magnetized plasma column with peripheral vacuum layer, when a left-hand polarized wave (LHPW) is selectively launched. The polarization reversal from the LHPW to the right-hand polarized wave is found to occur near the ECR point. As a result, it is clarified that the LHPW, which has been considered not to be absorbed at the ECR point, is absorbed near the ECR point. The phenomena can be explained by taking into a…
The propagation of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves (DIASHWs) in a three-component magnetized plasma having inertialess super-thermal electrons, inertial warm positive ions and negative dust grains has been investigated. A Burgers' equation is derived by employing the reductive perturbation method. Under consideration of inertial warm positive ions and negative dust grains, both positive and negative shock structures are numerically observed in the presence of super-thermal electrons. The effects of oblique angle ($δ$), spectral index ($κ$), kinematic viscosity ($η$), number density and charge st…
BORAY-3D: A ray tracing code for three-dimensional magnetized plasma configurations
BORAY-3D是整合宽频段覆盖、任意三维磁等离子体位形处理及完全相对论EC吸收的射线追踪代码，经多基准测试验证，可用于多种等离子体波相关研究。
The structure of a discharge across a magnetic field in a dusty plasma is analysed. The dust macroparticles are negatively charged, but are unmagnetized because of their high mass. The electrons are highly magnetized, and the ions have intermediate magnetization. This results in different transport rates of the different species across the magnetic field. Depending on the size of the magnetic field, and the relative charge on the different species, the dust grains can be the dominant current carrier. The space charge clouds near the electrodes will then be determined by the relative mobility o…
Continuum damping of topologically-protected edge modes at the boundary of a magnetized plasma
本文研究了磁化等离子体中拓扑保护表面等离子体波在电子回旋频率以上通过与共振模式连续谱耦合产生的无碰撞阻尼，发现阻尼波仍保持单向性和抗背散射鲁棒性，且阻尼与无阻尼区域边界处可实现无反射折射。
The energy loss by a test gyratory particle in a cold plasma in the presence of homogeneous magnetic field is considered. Analytical and numerical results for the rate of energy loss are presented. This is done for strong and weak fields (i. e., when the electron cyclotron frequency is either higher, or smaller than the plasma frequency), and in case, when the test particle velocity is greater than the electron thermal velocity. It is shown that the rate of energy loss may be much higher than in the case of motion through plasma in the absence of magnetic field.
Magnetized dusty plasma: On issues of its complexity and magnetization of charged dust particles
本文探讨磁化尘埃等离子体的复杂性，结合实验观测强调理论建模与计算实验的必要性，并讨论使带电大质量尘埃粒子磁化的主要挑战及可能的解决途径。
We investigate the propagation characteristics of electrostatic waves in a magnetized pair-ion plasma with immobile charged dusts. It is shown that obliquely propagating (OP) low-frequency (in comparison with the negative-ion cyclotron frequency) long-wavelength "slow" and "fast" modes can propagate, respectively, as dust ion-acoustic (DIA) and dust ion-cyclotron (DIC)-like waves. The properties of these modes are studied with the effects of obliqueness of propagation $(θ)$, the static magnetic field, the ratios of the negative to positive ion masses $(m)$ and temperatures $(T)$ as well as the…
The nonlinear dynamics of coupled electrostatic upper-hybrid (UH) and Alfven waves (AWs) is revisited in a magnetized electron-ion plasma with charged dust impurities. A pair of nonlinear equations that describe the interaction of UH wave envelopes (including the relativistic electron mass increase) and the density as well as the compressional magnetic field perturbations associated with the AWs is solved numerically to show that many coherent solitary patterns can be excited and saturated due to modulational instability of unstable UH waves. The evolution of these solitary patterns is also sh…
Charged particle energization by low-amplitude electrostatic waves at cyclotron harmonics
研究揭示了在回旋谐波处，低振幅静电波可通过非绝热机制使带电粒子在亚阈值条件下被加速。
Collective Thomson scattering in magnetized electron and positron pair plasma and the application to induced Compton scattering
本文研究了磁化电子-正电子对等离子体中X模式波的集体汤姆逊散射，发现其截面与非集体散射相当且受回旋频率平方抑制，并据此估算了诱导康普顿散射，探讨了对脉冲星和快速射电暴的启示。
Magnetized high-energy-density plasmas can often have strong electromagnetic fluctuations whose correlation scale is smaller than the electron Larmor radius. Radiation from the electrons in such plasmas, which markedly differs from both synchrotron and cyclotron radiation, and their energy and pitch-angle diffusion are tightly related. In this paper, we present a comprehensive theoretical and numerical study of the particles' transport in both cold, "small-scale" Langmuir and Whistler-mode turbulence and its relation to the spectra of radiation simultaneously produced by these particles. We em…
The influence of the intrinsic spin of electrons on the propagation of circularly polarized waves in a magnetized plasma is considered. New eigenmodes are identified, one of which propagates below the electron cyclotron frequency, one above the spin-precession frequency, and another close to the spin-precession frequency.\ The latter corresponds to the spin modes in ferromagnets under certain conditions. In the nonrelativistic motion of electrons, the spin effects become noticeable even when the external magnetic field $B_{0}$ is below the quantum critical\ magnetic field strength, i.e., $B_{0…
The amplitude modulation of three dimensional (3D) dust ion-acoustic wave (DIAW) packets is studied in a collisionless magnetized plasma with inertial positive ions, superthermal electrons and negatively charged immobile dust grains. By using the reductive perturbation technique, a 3D-nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation is derived, which governs the slow modulation of DIAW packets. The latter are found to be stable in the low-frequency $(ω<ω_c)$ regime, whereas they are unstable for $ω>ω_c$, and the modulational instability (MI) is related to the modulational obliqueness $(θ)$. Here, $ω~(ω_c)…
We calculate the Thomson scattering cross section in a non-relativistic, magnetized, high density plasma -- in a regime where collective excitations can be described by magnetohydrodynamics. We show that, in addition to cyclotron resonances and an elastic peak, the cross section exhibits two pairs of peaks associated with slow and fast magnetosonic waves; by contrast, the cross section arising in pure hydrodynamics possesses just a single pair of Brillouin peaks. Both the position and the width of these magnetosonic-wave peaks depend on the ambient magnetic field and temperature, as well as tr…
A novel method aimed at a kinetic moments closure for a magnetized plasma with arbitrary collisionality is proposed. The intended first application is to a tokamak edge and scrape-off-layer plasma. The velocity distribution function for each species is expanded in 8 Gaussian Radial Basis Functions (GRBFs) which are essentially shifted Maxwellians at eight representative 3D-velocity points of drift. The vector of 8 fluid moments (for particle density, 3 particle fluxes, total energy density, and 3 energy fluxes) has an 8x8 analytic linear matrix relation to the vector of 8 GRBF density weights …
A multi-species magnetized collisional nonthermal plasma system containing inertial ion species, non-inertial electron species following nonthermal $κ-$ distribution, and immobile dust particles, is considered to examine the characteristics of the dissipative dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) soliton modes, \textbf{theoretically and parametrically}. The electrostatic solitary modes are found to be associated with the low frequency dissipative dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs). The ion-neutral collision is taken into account, and the influence of ion-neutral collisional effects on the dynamics of…
We present a new model for simulating the electromagnetic fluctuations with frequencies much lower than the ion cyclotron frequency in plasmas confined in general magnetic configurations. This novel model (termed as GK-E&B) employs nonlinear gyrokinetic equations formulated in terms of electromagnetic fields along with momentum balance equations for solving fields. It, thus, not only includes kinetic effects, such as wave-particle interaction and microscopic (ion Larmor radius scale) physics; but also is computationally more efficient than the conventional formulation described in terms of pot…
Dust-ion-acoustic damped solitary waves and shocks in laboratory and Saturn's E-ring magnetized nonthermal dusty plasmas with anisotropic ion pressure and dust-charge fluctuation
该研究针对实验室及土星E环环境下的磁化非热尘埃等离子体，分析了尘埃电荷涨落、碰撞等因素对尘埃离子声孤波和激波演化的影响，揭示了不同环境下的波型特性及非广延参数的临界效应。
An interesting characteristic of magnetospheric chorus is the presence of a frequency gap at $ω\simeq 0.5Ω_e$, where $Ω_e$ is the electron cyclotron angular frequency. Recent chorus observations sometimes show additional gaps near $0.3Ω_e$ and $0.6Ω_e$. Here we present a novel nonlinear mechanism for the formation of these gaps using Hamiltonian theory and test-particle simulations in a homogeneous, magnetized, collisionless plasma. We find that an oblique whistler wave with frequency at a fraction of the electron cyclotron frequency can resonate with electrons, leading to effective energy exc…
Resonantly Driven Electron Bernstein Waves in Magnetized Low-Pressure Capacitive Discharges
研究在弱磁化条件下电容耦合等离子体放电的物理机制，发现电子伯恩斯坦波在等离子体本体中传播，并通过粒子-细胞蒙特卡洛碰撞模拟分析其机制。
Spin Hall effect of radiofrequency waves in magnetized plasmas
本文研究磁化聚变等离子体中射频波的自旋霍尔效应，用扩展几何光学射线方程计算波束位移，并通过全波模拟验证其可高达十个波长。
Unperturbed-orbit integration and the 3D kinetic dispersion relation of the electron cyclotron drift instability
本研究通过未受扰轨道积分推导了电子回旋漂移不稳定性 的3D动能色散关系，考虑了有限朗姆半径效应和回旋谐波，填补了完全动能模型中的关键缺失步骤。
A rigorous theoretical investigation has been made on the nonlinear propagation of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves in a multi-component magnetized pair-ion plasma having inertial warm positive and negative ions, inertialess non-thermal electrons and positrons, and static negatively charged massive dust grains. The Burgers' equation is derived by employing reductive perturbation method. The plasma model supports both positive and negative shock structures in the presence of static negatively charged massive dust grains. It is found that the steepness of both positive and negative shock profiles d…
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