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arXiv physics/0401131physics.space-phastro-phcond-mat.mtrl-sci
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低火星大气物理和化学性质的现场声学分析系统

In-situ acoustic-based analysis system for physical and chemical properties of the lower Martian atmosphere

F. A. Farrelly, A. Petri, L. Pitolli, G. Pontuale

备注：
16 pages including figures
发表信息：
Planet.Space Sci. 52 (2003) 125-131
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摘要：

环境声探测实验（EARS）由环境声探测仪器和环境声探测实验（EASE）两部分组成。它们是不同的，但有一个共同的目标，即描述火星的声学环境。火星探测器的主要目标是“倾听”火星。这可能是一个最有意义的实验，如果一个人想到日常生活中的经验，听觉可能是最重要的视觉后的感觉。这不仅将有助于打开行星探测的这一重要领域，这一领域迄今为止基本上被忽视，而且还将使公众更密切地接触我们最接近的行星。EASE旨在确定声学传播参数的特征，特别是声速和吸收，并将提供有关火星低层大气的重要物理和化学参数的信息，特别是水蒸气含量、比热容、导热率和剪切粘度，这些将为确定其组成提供具体的限制。这将使人们能够更深入地了解火星及其在地球上的类似物。此外，了解影响火星大气环流的火星大气物理和化学参数，将有助于了解火星现在和过去的气候，从而深入了解火星上过去存在生命的可能性。这些方面在其探索竞赛中被认为是战略性的，正如美国航天局关于“长期火星探测计划”的四个主要目标（http：//marsweb.jpl.nasa.gov/mer/science）中明确指出的那样。

英文摘要：

The Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance and Sounding experiment (EARS), is composed of two parts: the Environmental Acoustic Reconnaissance (EAR) instrument and the Environmental Acoustic Sounding Experiment (EASE). They are distinct, but have the common objective of characterizing the acoustic environment of Mars. The principal goal of the EAR instrument is "listening" to Mars. This could be a most significant experiment if one thinks of everyday life experience where hearing is possibly the most important sense after sight. Not only will this contribute to opening up this important area of planetary exploration, which has been essentially ignored up until now, but will also bring the general public closer in contact with our most proximate planet. EASE is directed at characterizing acoustic propagation parameters, specifically sound velocity and absorption, and will provide information regarding important physical and chemical parameters of the lower Martian atmosphere; in particular, water vapor content, specific heat capacity, heat conductivity and shear viscosity, which will provide specific constraints in determining its composition. This would enable one to gain a deeper understanding of Mars and its analogues on Earth. Furthermore, the knowledge of the physical and chemical parameters of the Martian atmosphere, which influence its circulation, will improve the comprehension of its climate now and in the past, so as to gain insight on the possibility of the past presence of life on Mars. These aspect are considered strategic in the contest of its exploration, as is clearly indicated in NASA's four main objectives on "Long Term Mars Exploration Program" (http://marsweb.jpl.nasa.gov/mer/science).

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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