Depression in magnetic field strength with a scale below one proton gyroradius is referred to as kinetic-size magnetic hole (KSMH). KSMHs are frequently observed near terrestrial space environments and are thought to play an important role in electron energization and energy dissipation in space plasmas. Recently, KSMHs have been evidenced in the Venusian magnetosheath. However, observations of KSMHs in other planetary environments are still lacking. In this study, we present the in situ detection of KSMHs in Martian magnetosheath using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) for the first time. The distribution of KSMHs is asymmetry in the southern northern hemisphere and no obvious asymmetry in the dawn dusk hemisphere. The observed KSMHs are accompanied by increases in the electron fluxes in the perpendicular direction, indicating the cues of trapped electrons and the formation of electron vortices inside KSMHs. These features are similar to the observations in the terrestrail magtosheath and magnetotail plasma sheet and the Venusian magnetosheath. This implies that KSMHs are a universal magnetic structure in space.
Electron Heat Flux and Whistler Instability in the Earth's Magnetosheath
Swedish Institute of Space Physics（瑞典空间物理研究所）；Uppsala University（乌普萨拉大学）；Chalmers University of Technology（查尔姆斯理工大学）；Laboratory of Physics and Chemistry of the Environment and Space (LPC2E), OSUC, Univ Orleans, CNRS, CNES（环境与空间物理化学实验室（LPC2E）、OSUC、奥尔良大学、CNRS、CNES）；Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado（科罗拉多大学大气与空间物理实验室）；Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）
Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices in the Martian +E hemisphere downstream of crustal magnetic anomalies
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；The University of Hong Kong（香港大学）；National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院国家空间科学中心）；Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen（哈尔滨工业大学（深圳））；Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences（奥地利科学院空间研究所）
