Using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN Magnetometer observations, we report the first statistical study of ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves at the Martian foreshock. The analyzed foreshock ULF wave events are observed in the 0.008-0.086 Hz frequency range, with nearly circular and elliptical left-handed polarization in the spacecraft reference frame. These waves are propagated quasi-parallel to the ambient magnetic field, with a moderate wave amplitude. All these properties are consistent with fast magnetosonic waves, most likely generated through the ion-ion right-hand resonant instability. In addition, our results suggest that the associated resonant backstreaming protons' velocities parallel to the mean magnetic field in the solar wind reference frame is $1.33 \pm 0.40$ times the solar wind velocity. The similarity between our results and previous reports at other foreshocks may indicate the presence of a common acceleration process acting in planetary bow shocks and that is responsible for this particular backstreaming population.
Solar Wind Reflected Ion Properties at Earth's Bow Shock: Dependence on Upstream Conditions and Shock Geometry
University of California, Los Angeles（加州大学洛杉矶分校）；Shandong University（山东大学）；Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University（埃默里·莱德航空大学）；University of Potsdam（波茨坦大学）
Compressive Structures in the Foreshock of Collisionless Shocks
Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory（约翰斯·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室）；European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)（欧洲空间局，欧洲空间天文中心）；Departamento de Ciencias Espaciales, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México（墨西哥国立自治大学地球物理学院空间科学系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London（伦敦大学玛丽女王学院物理与天文系）；Division of Space and Plasma Physics - KTH Royal Institute of Technology（瑞典皇家理工学院太空与等离子物理系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku（图尔库大学物理与天文系）；William B. Hanson Center for Space Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas（德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校威廉·B·汉森空间科学中心）；Department of Physics, University of Helsinki（赫尔辛基大学物理系）
Plasma frequency waves in Earth's electron foreshock
Swedish Institute of Space Physics（瑞典空间物理研究所）；Division of Space and Plasma Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology（皇家理工学院空间与等离子体物理系）；Ventspils University of Applied Sciences（文茨皮尔斯应用科学大学）；Department of Physics, University of Sydney（悉尼大学物理系）
