Gravitation and Electromagnetism II

The Unification of Electromagnetism and Gravitation in the Context of Quantized Fractal Space Time

The attempts to unify electromagnetism and gravitation have included the formulations of Herman Weyl and the Kaluza Klein theory with the fifth dimension. More recently there have been fruitful attempts in the domain of Quantum Superstrings and the author's formulation in terms of Quantum Mechanical Kerr-Newman Black Holes. Though all these appear to be widely divergent approaches, they are shown to have a unified underpinning in the context of quantized fractal space time.

The Correlation Between Gravitation and Electromagnetism, Inertia and Unification

We show that gravitational mass and inertial mass are correlated by an adimentional factor, which in specific electromagnetic conditions, can be reduced, nullified, negated, and increased. Some theoretical consequences of the mentioned correlation are: the generalization of Newton=92s second law for the motion (New law for Inertia); the deduction of the differential equation for entropy (second law of Thermodynamics); unification of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions .

A Connection between Gravitation and Electromagnetism

It is argued that there is a connection between the fundamental forces of electromagnetism and gravitation. This connection occurs because of: 1) the fundamental significance of the finite and invariant velocity of light in inertial reference frames in the special theory, and 2) the reliance of the general theory of relativity upon the special theory of relativity locally in spacetime. The connection between the fundamental forces of electromagnetism and gravitation follows immediately from these two points. A brief review is provided of: 1) the role of the finite and invariant velocity of lig…

Dark Energy, Gravitation and Electromagnetism

In the context of the fact that the existence of dark energy causing the accelerated expansion of the universe has been confirmed by the WMAP and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we re-examine gravitation itself, starting with the formulation of Sakharov and show that it is possible to obtain gravitation in terms of the electromagnetic charge of elementary particles, once the ZPF and its effects at the Compton scale are taken into account.

引力与电磁学

Gravitation and Electromagnetism

针对高能物理与宇宙学中因普朗克尺度描述导致的宇宙学常数过高问题，本文提出需考虑从量子泡沫到描述电磁学的康普顿尺度的相变以解决矛盾，并得出完全真空中无引力的推论。

Noncommutative spacetime effects and gravitation

In recent years Quantum Superstrings and Quantum Gravity approaches have come to rely on non differenciable spacetime manifolds. These throw up a noncommutative spacetime geometry and we consider the origin of mass and a related modification of the Dirac equation in this context. This also throws some light on gravitation itself.

On the Independence of Electromagnetism and Gravitation from Test Bodies Physical Properties

Does a physical field exist independently of the interaction between the field source and the test body used to measure it at a given point? What does propagate between two physical bodies when they interact? These are the fundamental questions we answer in the present work for electromagnetic and gravitational interactions. We come to the conclusion that gravitational fields as well as spacetime curvature cannot depend on the passive-gravitational to inertial mass ratio of the test bodies, because this would lead to energy conservation and causality violation except when this ratio is univers…

Monogenic functions in 5-dimensional spacetime used as first principle: gravitational dynamics, electromagnetism and quantum mechanics

Monogenic functions are functions of null vector derivative and are here analysed in the geometric algebra of 5-dimensional spacetime, G(4,1), in order to derive several laws of fundamental physics. The paper introduces the working algebra and the definition of monogenic functions, showing that these generate two 4-dimensional spaces, one with Euclidean signature and the other one with Minkowski signature. The equivalence conditions between the two spaces are studied and relativistic dynamics, not entirely coincident with Einstein's general theory of relativity, is demonstrated. The monogenic …

Some Wave Equations for Electromagnetism and Gravitation

The paper studies the inferences of wave equations for electromagnetic fields when there are gravitational fields at the same time. In the description with the algebra of octonions, the inferences of wave equations are identical with that in conventional electromagnetic theory with vector terminology. By means of the octonion exponential function, we can draw out that the electromagnetic waves are transverse waves in a vacuum, and rephrase the law of reflection, Snell's law, Fresnel formula, and total internal reflection etc. The study claims that the theoretical results of wave equations for …

The classical geometrization of the electromagnetism

Following the line of the history, if by one side the electromagnetic theory was consolidated on the 19th century, the emergence of the special and the general relativity theories on the 20th century opened possibilities of further developments, with the search for the unification of the gravitation and the electromagnetism on a single unified theory. Some attempts to the geometrization of the electromagnetism emerged in this context, where these first models resided strictly on a classical basis. Posteriorly, they were followed by more complete and embracing quantum field theories. The presen…

Geometrical Unification of Gravitation and Electromagnetism

A theory which achieves a complete geometrical unification of gravitation and electromagnetism (GUGE) is presented. This new theory is based on a recent proposal of proper time redefinition that leads to the construction of a Riemann metric, which naturally unifies gravity and electromagnetism. The 5--dimensional Riemann metric which arises looks exactly the same as the one postulated in the Kaluza-Klein (KK) 5-dimensional theory. Nevertheless, there are deep differences between GUGE and KK. The GUGE metric is deduced while the KK metric is postulated. In the GUGE field theory there is no need…

Black Hole Thermodynamics and Electromagnetism

We show a strong parallel between the Hawking, Beckenstein black hole Thermodynamics and electromagnetism: When the gravitational coupling constant transform into the electromagnetic coupling constant, the Schwarzchild radius, the Beckenstein temperature, the Beckenstein decay time and the Planck mass transform to respectively the Compton wavelength, the Hagedorn temperature, the Compton time and a typical elementary particle mass. The reasons underlying this parallalism are then discussed in detail.

Nonlinear Conformal Electromagnetism and Gravitation

In 1909 the brothers E. and F. Cosserat discovered a new nonlinear group theoretical approach to elasticity (EL), with the only experimental need to measure the EL constants. In a modern language, their idea has been to use the nonlinear Spencer sequence instead of the nonlinear Janet sequence for the Lie groupoid defining the group of rigid motions of space. Following H. Weyl, our purpose is to compute for the first time the nonlinear Spencer sequence for the Lie groupoid defining the conformal group of space-time in order to provide the physical foundations of both electromagnetism (EM) and …

A Gauge Like Formulation of Gravitation and Related Issues

After many fruitless decades of trying to unify electromagnetism and gravitation, it is now being realized that this can be done only in discrete spacetime, as indeed the author had demonstrated. In this context, a unified description of gravitation and electromagnetism is provided within the framework of a gauge like formulation. Following the discrete spacetime structure, we then argue that the underpinning for the universe is an array of Planck scale oscillators.

Marriage of Electromagnetism and Gravity in Extended Space Model and Astrophysical Phenomena

The generalization of Einstein's special theory of relativity (SRT) is proposed. In this model the possibility of unification of scalar gravity and electromagnetism into a single united field is considered. Formally, the generalization of the SRT is that instead of (1+3)-dimensional Minkowski space the (1+4)-dimensional extension G is considered. As a fifth additional coordinate the interval S is used. This value is saved under the usual Lorentz transformations in Minkowski space M, but it changes when the transformations in the extended space G are used. We call this model the extended space …

A Review of Macroscopic Motion in Thermodynamic Equilibrium

A principle on the macroscopic motion of systems in thermodynamic equilibrium, rarely discussed in texts, is reviewed: Very small but still macroscopic parts of a fully isolated system in thermal equilibrium move as if points of a rigid body, macroscopic energy being dissipated to increase internal energy, and increase entropy along. It appears particularly important in Space physics, when dissipation involves long-range fields at Electromagnetism and Gravitation, rather than short-range contact forces. It is shown how new physics, Special Relativity as regards Electromagnetism, first Newtonia…

Machian Universe

We give arguments from the point of view of Gravitation as well as Electromagnetism which indicate a Machian view for the universe.

Non Commutativity, Fluctuations and Unification

We point out that in the non commutativity and breakdown of conventional spacetime at micro scales lies the seed to the unification of gravitation and electromagnetism.

从量子电动力学到经典电磁学的几何规范理论

From quantum electrodynamics to a geometric gauge theory of classical electromagnetism

本文提出一种规范不变的经典电磁场论，用复场和几何相位描述带电有质量连续介质，并说明其在相应量子态极限下可近似 QED。

A Theory of Gravity and General Relativity based on Quantum Electromagnetism

Based on first principles solutions in a unified framework of quantum mechanics and electromagnetism we predict the presence of a universal attractive depolarisation radiation (DR) Lorentz force ($F$) between quantum entities, each being either an IED matter particle or light quantum, in a vacuuonic dielectric vacuum. Given two quantum entities $i=1,2$ of either kind, of characteristic frequencies $ν_i^0$, masses $m_i^0=hν_i^0 / c^2$ and separated at a distance r^0, the solution is $F=- G m_1^0 m_2^0/ (r^0)^2$, where $G= χ_0^2 e^4/12 π^2 ε_0^2 ρ_λ$, $χ_0$ is the susceptibility and $ρ_λ$ is the…

Relativistic Geometry and Weak Interactions

Geometric interactions in a new relativistic geometric unified theory include interactions other than gravitation and electromagnetism. In a low energy limit one of these interactions leads essentially to a Fermi type theory of weak interactions including the Hamiltonian and coupling constant.

Fuzzy Space Time, Quantum Geometry and Cosmology

It is argued that a noncommutative geometry of spacetime leads to a reconciliation of electromagnetism and gravitation while providing an underpinning to Weyl's geometry. It also leads to a cosmology consistent with observation. A few other ramifications are also examined.

电动力学与时间可定向性

Electrodynamics and time orientability

本文在不可时间定向的时空中构造U(1)丛测量时间轴扭曲，由此推导出Maxwell方程、Lorentz力定律和Einstein-Maxwell方程，实现引力与电磁学统一，并自然解释净电荷的产生。

"Extended" Particles, Non Commutative Geometry and Unification

A reconciliation of gravitation and electromagnetism has eluded physics for neearly a century. It is argued here that this is because both quantum physics and classical physics are set in differentiable space time manifolds with point particles. Once we consider extended particles as in Quantum Superstring theory, and the consequential underlying Non-Commutative geometry, then a reconciliation is possible.