In this work the interaction of electromagnetic field with quasi-periodic media has been scrutinized. We have obtained the formula for a distorted medium polarizability tenzor in the X-ray frequency band. Also there have been obtained the X-rays dynamic diffraction equations for media with arbitrary smooth distortion. For these equations the Takagi-Tuipin equations are obtained as a particular case. We have got a very simple formula for the coefficient of X-ray reflaction on the bent Bragg mirror. We have scrutinized the example of calculating the X-rays reflaction and focusing by the bent Bragg mirror. Also in this work one could find the rezults of calculating the reflected X-rays caustics form. It is shown that there exists a possibility of linear dimensions of the X-rays focusing area having typical values of 10^-7 cm.
The equations of electromagnetic fields in a medium is usually written in the rest frame of the medium. We outline a method of generalizing the discussion to arbitrary inertial frames. In the discussion, we also include the possibility that the medium is optically active, a possibility that is often overlooked in discussions of electromagnetic fields in a medium.
While the postulate of covariance of Maxwell's equations for all inertial observers led Einstein to special relativity, it was the further demand of general covariance -- form invariance under general coordinate transformations, including between accelerating frames -- that led to general relativity. Several lines of inquiry over the past two decades, notably the development of metamaterial-based transformation optics, has spurred a greater interest in the role of geometry and space-time covariance for electrodynamics in ponderable media. I develop a generally covariant, coordinate-free framew…
Fluctuational Quantum Electrodynamics of Dispersive Time-Varying Media
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid（马德里自治大学）；Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid（马德里自治大学凝聚态物理中心 (IFIMAC)）；Instituto Nicolás Cabrera (INC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid（马德里自治大学尼古拉斯·卡布雷拉研究所 (INC)）
Coherent thermal emission for a given polarization has been observed in many metamaterials with micro/nanostructures. A complete description of the thermal emission requires the full characterization of the spectral angular emissivity for all polarization states. Emissivity is typically obtained based on the equivalence between the absorptivity and emissivity according to Kirchhoff's law; however, such relation may be invalid for nonreciprocal media. More general approaches without the constrain of optical reciprocity are necessary when dealing with magneto-optical materials and magnetic Weyl …
The periodic changes in the physical and chemical properties of the chemical elements are caused by the periodic change of the ionization energies, which are constant for each element that manifested in the Periodic Table. However, as has been recently shown the modification of the electromagnetic field in the photonic crystals gives rise to the modification of the electron electromagnetic mass. We show that the effect can significantly change the ionization energy of atoms placed in voids of photonic crystals consisting of metamaterials with a highly tunable refractive index and voids. The co…
The relationship between magnetoelectricity and electromagnetism is a subject of a strong interest and numerous discussions in microwave and optical wave physics and material sciences. The definition of the energy and momentum of the electromagnetic (EM) field in a magnetoelectric (ME) medium is not a trivial problem. The question of whether electromagnetism and magnetoelectricity can coexist without an extension of Maxwell theory arises when we study the effects of EM energy propagation and consider group velocity of the waves in a ME medium. The energy balance equation reveals unusual topolo…
Spatially dispersive (also known as non-local) electromagnetic media are considered where the parameters defining the permittivity relation vary periodically. Maxwell's equations give rise to a difference equation corresponding to the Floquet modes. A complete set of approximate solutions is calculated which are valid when the inhomogeneity is small. This is applied to inhomogeneous wire media. A new feature arises when considering spatially dispersive media, that is the existence of coupled modes.
We develop fluctuational electrodynamics for media with nonlinear optical response in and out of thermal equilibrium. Starting from the stochastic nonlinear Helmholtz equation and using the fluctuation dissipation theorem, we obtain perturbatively a deterministic nonlinear Helmholtz equation for the average field, the physical linear response, as well as the fluctuations and Rytov currents. We show that the effects of nonlinear optics, in or out of thermal equilibrium, can be taken into account with an effective, system-aware dielectric function. We discuss the heat radiation of a planar, nonl…
