色散时变介质的涨落量子电动力学
Fluctuational Quantum Electrodynamics of Dispersive Time-Varying Media
AI总结：
研究色散时变介质的涨落量子电动力学，提出精确理论框架，推导出费米黄金定则定义局部态密度，证明其与经典功率等价，分析热辐射及动态卡西米尔效应，揭示新特征，展示时间调制对真空涨落和极化子的影响。
AI中文摘要：
我们提出了频率色散和耗散时变介质中涨落量子电动力学的理论框架。该理论考虑了时间调制中的色散和损耗，以精确方式处理，不依赖微扰方法。这是首次对时间调制物质体中的电磁场进行一致量子化。我们推导出时变介质的费米黄金定则，并用它定义这些时变系统的局部态密度，包括损耗和增益贡献。此外，我们证明了量子费米黄金定则与经典谐波点偶极子发射功率之间的等价性。还表明忽略时间调制的色散和耗散性质会导致快慢调制的错误预测。我们分析了时变物质体发出的热辐射，揭示了时变介质中热发射增强的新特征。最后，研究了动态卡西米尔效应，展示了时间调制如何放大真空涨落并产生具有非局部空间相关性的纠缠极化子对。
英文摘要：
We present the theoretical framework of fluctuational quantum electrodynamics in frequency-dispersive and dissipative time-varying media. Our theory accounts for dispersion and losses in the temporal modulation, which is treated in an exact manner, without relying on perturbative methods. Thus, our work constitutes the first consistent quantization of the electromagnetic field in time-modulated material bodies. We derive a Fermi Golden Rule for time-varying media and use it to define the local density of states for these time-dependent systems, which includes both loss and gain contributions. Additionally, we prove the equivalence between the quantum Fermi Golden Rule and the power emitted by a classical harmonic point dipole. Moreover, we show that neglecting the dispersive and dissipative nature of the time modulation leads to erroneous predictions for both slow and fast modulations. Furthermore, we analyze the thermal radiation emitted by a time-varying material body, revealing new features in the enhancement of thermal emission in time-varying media. Finally, we study the dynamical Casimir effect, showing how the time modulation amplifies vacuum fluctuations and generates entangled pairs of polaritons exhibiting non-local spatial correlations.
