Mikhail Grinberg, David Kazhdan
Let X be a complex algebraic variety, and L(X) be the scheme of formal arcs in X. Let f be an arc whose image is not contained in the singularities of X. We show that the formal neighborhood of f in L(X) admits a decomposition into a product of an infinite-dimensional smooth piece, and a piece isomorphic to the formal neighborhood of a closed point of a scheme of finite type.
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In this paper we study formal moduli for wildly ramified Galois covering. We prove a local-global principle. We then focus on the infinitesimal deformations of the Z/pZ-covers. We explicitly compute a deformation of an automorphism of order p which implies a universal obstruction for p>2. By deforming Artin-Schreier equations we obtain a lower bound on the dimension of the local versal deformation ring. At last, by comparing the global versal deformation ring to the complete local ring in a point of a moduli space, we determine the dimensions of the global and local versal deformation ring.
We review the theory of non-commutative deformations of sheaves and describe a versal deformation by using an A-infinity algebra and the change of differentials of an injective resolution. We give some explicit non-trivial examples.
We give an exposition of the formal aspects of deformation theory in the language of fibered categories, instead of the more traditional one of functors. The main concepts are that of tangent space to a deformation problem, obstruction theory, versal and universal formal deformations. We include proofs of two key results: a versione of Schlessinger's Theorem in this context, and the Ran--Kawamata vanishing theorem for obstructions. We accompany this with a detailed analysis of three important cases: smooth varieties, local complete intersection subschemes and coherent sheaves.
We show that given a dominant morphism between two smooth varieties of the same dimension, the induced morphism between the formal neighborhoods of two arcs on these varieties is a closed embedding, of codimension given by the order of vanishing along the ramification subscheme.
On the formal neighborhood of a degenerate arc
本文描述了代数簇弧空间中完全位于奇点轨迹内的弧的形式邻域结构，并精确证明了以奇点为中心的常值弧是弧空间中最奇异的点。
We study the scheme of formal arcs on a singular algebraic variety and its images under truncations. We prove a rationality result for the Poincare series of these images which is an analogue of the rationality of the Poincare series associated to p-adic points on a p-adic variety. The main tools which are used are semi-algebraic geometry in spaces of power series and motivic integration (a notion introduced by M. Kontsevich). In particular we develop the theory of motivic integration for semi-algebraic sets of formal arcs on singular algebraic varieties, we prove a change of variable formula …
Let k denote a perfect field of characteristic 5. We show that the versal deformation ring of an element of order 5 and Hasse conductor 2 as automorphism of a ring of formal power series k[[t]] computed by Bertin and Mezard, is in fact universal. This provides the first example of a non trivial universal deformation ring in higher conductor.
We establish a structure theorem on the arc space of a $k$-scheme of finite type. More precisely, we show that the arc space is locally for the pro-smooth toplogy a product of an infinite dimensional affine space and of a non-noetherian scheme, stratified by $k$-schemes of finite type, that glues the different formal completions of the arc space. This statement globalizes Drinfeld-Grinberg-Kazhdan's theorem and proves a conjecture of Kollar and Nemethi. Then, we use this theorem to construct a derived category of constructible sheaves, stable by six operations and we show a finiteness result f…
Let X be an algebraic variety over a field k, and L(X) be the scheme of formal arcs in X. Let f be an arc whose image is not contained in the singularities of X. Grinberg and Kazhdan proved that if k has characteristic 0 then the formal neighborhood of f in L(X) admits a decomposition into a product of an infinite-dimensional smooth piece and a piece isomorphic to the formal neighborhood of a closed point of a scheme of finite type. We give a short proof of this theorem without the characteristic 0 assumption.
Let X be a complex analytic space. A short analytic arc is a holomorphic map of the closed unit disc to X such that only the origin is mapped to a singular point. In contrast with the space of formal arcs studied by Nash, the moduli space of short analytic arcs usually has infinitely many connected components. We describe these for surface singularities, in terms of certain conjugacy classes of the fundamental group of the link. For quotient singularities (in any dimension), this gives a concrete realization of the McKay correspondence. Our results also give new connections between a surface c…
We introduce a notion of embedding codimension of an arbitrary local ring, establish some general properties, and study in detail the case of arc spaces of schemes of finite type over a field. Viewing the embedding codimension as a measure of singularities, our main result can be interpreted as saying that the singularities of the arc space are maximal at the arcs that are fully embedded in the singular locus of the underlying scheme, and progressively improve as we move away from said locus. As an application, we complement a theorem of Drinfeld, Grinberg, and Kazhdan on formal neighborhoods …
Let $X$ be a 3-dimensional affine variety with a faithful action of a 2-dimensional torus $T$. Then the space of first order infinitesimal deformations $T^1(X)$ is graded by the characters of $T$, and the zeroth graded component $T^1(X)_0$ consists of all equivariant first order (infinitesimal) deformations. Suppose that using the construction of such varieties from [1], one can obtain $X$ from a proper polyhedral divisor $\mathscr D$ on $\mathbb P^1$ such that the tail cone of (any of) the used polyhedra is pointed and full-dimensional, and all vertices of all polyhedra are lattice points. Th…
Wronskians form the inverse system of the arcs of a double point
本研究证明二重点弧概形理想的Macaulay逆系统是由变量Wronskian及其形式导数张成的向量空间，并借此推广了相关理想的庞加莱型级数结果。
Let $X$ be a scheme of finite type over a finite field $k$, and let $\mathcal L X$ denote its arc space; in particular, $\mathcal L X(k) = X(k[[t]])$. Using the theory of Grinberg, Kazhdan, and Drinfeld on the finite-dimensionality of singularities of $\mathcal L X$ in the neighborhood of non-degenerate arcs, we show that a canonical "basic function" can be defined on the non-degenerate locus of $\mathcal L X(k)$, which corresponds to the trace of Frobenius on the stalks of the intersection complex of any finite-dimensional model. We then proceed to compute this function when $X$ is an affine …
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