For an action $α$ of a group $G$ on an algebra $R$ (over $\Bbb C$), the crossed product $R\times_αG$ is the vector space of $R$-valued functions with finite support in $G$, together with the twisted convolution product given by $$(ξη)(p) = \sum_{q \in G} ξ(q) α_q (η(q^{-1}p))$$ where $p\in G$. This construction has been extended to the theory of Hopf algebras. Given an action of a Hopf algebra $A$ on an algebra $R$, it is possible to make the tensor product $R\ot A$ into an algebra by using a twisted product, involving the action. In this case, the algebra is called the smash product and denoted by $R# A$. In the group case, the action $α$ of $G$ on $R$ yields an action of the group algebra $\Bbb C G$ as a Hopf algebra on $R$ and the crossed $R\times_αG$ coincides with the smash product $R# \Bbb C G$. In this paper we extend the theory of actions of Hopf algebras to actions of multiplier Hopf algebras. We also construct the smash product and we obtain results very similar as in the original situation for Hopf algebras. The main result in the paper is a duality theorem for such actions. We consider dual pairs of multiplier Hopf algebras to formulate this duality theorem. We prove a result in the case of an algebraic quantum group and its dual. The more general case is only stated and will be proven in a separate paper on coactions. These duality theorems for actions are substantial generalizations of the corresponding theorem for Hopf algebras. Also the techniques that are used here to prove this result are slightly different and simpler.
A fundamental feature of quantum groups is that many come in pairs of mutually dual objects, like finite-dimensional Hopf algebras and their duals, or quantisations of function algebras and of universal enveloping algebras of Poisson-Lie groups. The same phenomenon was studied for quantum groupoids in various settings. In the purely algebraic setup, the construction of a dual object was given by Schauenburg and by Kadison and Szlachányi, but required the quantum groupoid to be finite with respect to the base. A sophisticated duality for measured quantum groupoids was developed by Enock, Lesieu…
We put the known results on the antipode of a usual quasitriangular Hopf algebra into the framework of multiplier Hopf algebras. We illustrate with examples which can not be obtained using classical Hopf Algebras. The focus of the present paper lies on the class of the so-called group cograded multiplier Hopf algebras. By doing so, we bring the results of quasitriangular Hopf group-coalgebras (as introduced by Turaev) to the more general framework of multiplier Hopf algebras.
In this note we discuss the possibility of constructing the cosimplicial complex for the multiplier Hopf algebras and extending the cyclicity operator to obtain the Hopf-cyclic cohomology for them. We show that the definition of modular pairs in involution for multiplier Hopf algebras and provide the definition of Hopf-cyclic cohomology for algebras of functions over discrete groups.
Multiplier Hopf algebroids are algebraic versions of quantum groupoids that generalize Hopf algebroids to the non-unital case and weak (multiplier) Hopf algebras to non-separable base algebras. The main structure maps of a multiplier Hopf algebroid are a left and a right comultiplication. We show that bijectivity of two associated canonical maps is equivalent to the existence of an antipode, discuss invertibility of the antipode, and present some examples and special cases.
The Multiplier Hopf Group Coalgebra was introduced by Hegazi in 2002 [7] as a generalization of Hope group caolgebra, introduced by Turaev in 2000 [5], in the non-unital case. We prove that the concepts introduced by A.Van Daele in constructing multiplier Hopf algebra \cite{4} can be adapted to serve again in our construction. A multiplier Hopf group coalgebra is a family of algebras $A=\{A_α\}_{α\in π}$, ($π$ is a discrete group) equipped with a family of homomorphisms $Δ=\{Δ_{α,β}:A_{αβ}\longrightarrow M(A_α\otimes A_β)\}_{α,β\in π}$ which is called a comultiplication under some conditions, …
The notion of multiplier Hopf monoid in any braided monoidal category is introduced as a multiplier bimonoid whose constituent fusion morphisms are isomorphisms. In the category of vector spaces over the complex numbers, Van Daele's definition of multiplier Hopf algebra is re-obtained. It is shown that the key features of multiplier Hopf algebras (over fields) remain valid in this more general context. Namely, for a multiplier Hopf monoid A, the existence of a unique antipode is proved --- in an appropriate, multiplier-valued sense --- which is shown to be a morphism of multiplier bimonoids fr…
We define and investigate pairings of multiplier Hopf algebras. It is shown that two dually paired regular multiplier Hopf ($*$-)algebras $A$ and $B$ yield a quantum double multiplier Hopf ($*$-)algebra which is again regular. Integrals on $A$ and $B$ induce an integral on the quantum double. The results generalize pairing and quantum double construction from ordinary Hopf algebras to multiplier Hopf algebras.
Let $G$ be any group and let $K(G)$ denote the multiplier Hopf algebra of complex functions with finite support in $G$. The product in $K(G)$ is pointwise. The comultiplication on $K(G)$ is defined with values in the multiplier algebra $M(K(G) \otimes K(G))$ by the formula $(Δ(f)) (p,q) = f(pq)$ for all $f \in K(G)$ and $p, q \in G$. In this paper we consider multiplier Hopf algebras $B$ (over $\Bbb C$) such that there is an embedding $I: K(G) \to M(B)$. This embedding is a non-degenerate algebra homomorphism which respects the comultiplication and maps $K(G)$ into the center of $M(B)$. These …
In this work we deal with partial (co)action of multiplier Hopf algebras on not necessarily unital algebras. Our main goal is to construct a Morita context relating the coinvariant algebra $R^{\underline{coA}}$ with a certain subalgebra of the smash product $R\#\widehat{A}$. Besides this we present the notion of partial Galois coaction, which is closely related to this Morita context.
In this work we define partial (co)actions on multiplier Hopf algebras, we also present examples and properties. From a partial comodule coalgebra we construct a partial smash coproduct generalizing the constructions made by the L. Delvaux, E. Batista and J. Vercruysse.
Any finite-dimensional Hopf algebra has a left and a right integral. Conversely, Larsen and Sweedler showed that, if a finite-dimensional algebra with identity and a comultiplication with counit has a faithful left integral, it has to be a Hopf algebra. In this paper, we generalize this result to possibly infinite-dimensional algebras, with or without identity. We have to leave the setting of Hopf algebras and work with multiplier Hopf algebras. Moreover, whereas in the finite-dimensional case, there is a complete symmetry between the bialgebra and its dual, this is no longer the case in infin…
In the present work, we study Yetter-Drinfeld algebras over a pairing of multiplier Hopf algebras. Our main motivation is the construction of a self-dual theory of (C*-)algebraic quantum transformation groupoids. Instead of the standard characterization of Yetter-Drinfeld algebras given in the case of Hopf algebras, we develop an equivalent "only coaction" characterization in the framework of multiplier Hopf algebras. Finally, as a special case, we focus on Yetter-Drinfeld structures over Van Daele's algebraic quantum groups.
In this paper, we show that Hennings construction of invariants of framed links and 3-manifolds obtained from Hopf algebras can also be carried out for some algebraic quantum groups.
Let $G$ be a group and assume that $(A_p)_{p\in G}$ is a family of algebras with identity. We have a {\it Hopf $G$-coalgebra} (in the sense of Turaev) if, for each pair $p,q\in G$, there is given a unital homomorphism $\co_{p,q}:A_{pq}\to A_p \ot A_q$ satisfying certain properties. Consider now the direct sum $A$ of these algebras. It is an algebra, without identity, except when $G$ is a finite group, but the product is non-degenerate. The maps $\co_{p,q}$ can be used to define a coproduct $\co$ on $A$ and the conditions imposed on these maps give that $(A,\co)$ is a multiplier Hopf algebra. I…
We propose a detailed systematic study of a group H^2_L(A) associated, by elementary means of lazy 2-cocycles, to any Hopf algebra A. This group was introduced by Schauenburg (with a different name) in order to generalize G.I. Kac's exact sequence. We study the various interplays of lazy cohomology in Hopf algebra theory: Galois and biGalois objects, Brauer groups and projective representations. We obtain a Kac-Schauenburg-type sequence for double crossed products of possibly infinite-dimensional Hopf algebras. Finally the explicit computation of H^2_L(A) for monomial Hopf algebras and for a c…
We introduce the language of multiplier Hopf algebra in the context of positive representations of split real quantum groups, and discuss its applications with a continuous version of Lusztig-Kashiwara's canonical basis, which may provide a key to prove the closure of the positive representations under tensor products, and harmonic analysis of quantized algebra of functions in the sense of locally compact quantum groups.
Based on a pairing of two regular multiplier Hopf algebras $A$ and $B$, Heisenberg double $\mathscr{H}$ is the smash product $A \# B$ with respect to the left regular action of $B$ on $A$. Let $\mathscr{D}=A\bowtie B$ be the Drinfel'd double, then Heisenberg double $\mathscr{H}$ is a Yetter-Drinfel'd $\mathscr{D}$-module algebra, and it is also braided commutative by the braiding of Yetter-Drinfel'd module, which generalizes the results in [10] to some infinite dimensional cases.
Like quantum groups, quantum groupoids frequently appear in pairs of mutually dual objects. We develop a general Pontrjagin duality theory for quantum groupoids in the algebraic setting that extends Van Daele's duality theory for multiplier Hopf algebras and overcomes the finiteness restrictions of the approach of Kadison, Szlachányi, Böhm and Schauenburg. Our construction is based on the integration theory for multiplier Hopf algebroids and yields, as a corollary, a duality theory for weak multiplier Hopf algebras with integrals. We compute the duals in several examples and introduce morphism…
In this paper, we generalize Majid's bicrossproduct construction. We start with a pair (A,B) of two regular multiplier Hopf algebras. We assume that B is a right A-module algebra and that A is a left B-comodule coalgebra. We recall and discuss the two notions in the first sections of the paper. The right action of A on B gives rise to the smash product A # B. The left coaction of B on A gives a possible coproduct on A # B. We will discuss in detail the necessary compatibility conditions between the action and the coaction for this to be a proper coproduct on A # B. The result is again a regula…
This is a sequel paper of arXiv:1306.1466 in which we study the comodules over a regular weak multiplier bialgebra over a field, with a full comultiplication. Replacing the usual notion of coassociative coaction over a (weak) bialgebra, a comodule is defined via a pair of compatible linear maps. Both the total algebra and the base (co)algebra of a regular weak multiplier bialgebra with a full comultiplication are shown to carry comodule structures. Kahng and Van Daele's integrals are interpreted as comodule maps from the total to the base algebra. Generalizing the counitality of a comodule to …
We characterize braided commutative Yetter-Drinfeld $C^*$-algebras over weak Hopf $C^*$-algebras in categorical terms. Using this, we then study quotient type coideal subalgebras of a given weak Hopf $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal G$ and coideal subalgebras invariant with respect to the adjoint action of $\mathcal G$. Finally, as an example, we explicitly describe quotient type coideal subalgebras of the weak Hopf $C^*$-algebras associated with Tambara-Yamagami categories.
Given a discrete quantum group A we construct a certain Hopf *-algebra AP which is a unital *-subalgebra of the multiplier algebra of A. The structure maps for AP are inherited from M(A) and thus the construction yields a compactification of A which is analogous to the Bohr compactification of a locally compact group. This algebra has the expected universal property with respect to homomorphisms from multiplier Hopf algebras of compact type (and is therefore unique). This provides an easy proof of the fact that for a discrete quantum group with an infinite dimensional algebra the multiplier al…
A non-unital generalization of weak bialgebra is proposed with a multiplier-valued comultiplication. Certain canonical subalgebras of the multiplier algebra (named the `base algebras') are shown to carry coseparable co-Frobenius coalgebra structures. Appropriate modules over a weak multiplier bialgebra are shown to constitute a monoidal category via the (co)module tensor product over the base algebra. The relation to Van Daele and Wang's (regular and arbitrary) weak multiplier Hopf algebra is discussed.
We introduce a notion of Hopf-Lie-Rinehart algebra and show that the universal algebra of a Hopf-Lie-Rinehart algebra acquires an ordinary Hopf algebra structure.
Let H be a quasi-Hopf algebra, a weak Hopf algebra or a braided Hopf algebra. Let B be an H-bicomodule algebra such that there exists a morphism of H-bicomodule algebras v:H\rightarrow B. Then we can define an object B^{co(H)} which is a left-left Yetter-Drinfeld module over H, having extra properties that allow to make a smash product B^{co(H)}# H which is an H-bicomodule algebra, isomorphic to B.
We determine finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, whose Hopf coradical is isomorphic to a non-pointed basic Hopf algebra of dimension $24$ and the infinitesimal braidings are indecomposable objects. In particular, we obtain families of new finite-dimensional Hopf algebras without the dual Chevalley property.
In this note, we show that Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode can be proven for any regular multiplier Hopf algebra with integrals (algebraic quantum groups). This of course not only includes the case of a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra but also the case of any Hopf algebra with integrals (co-Frobenius Hopf algebras). The proof follows in a few lines from well-known formulas in the theory of regular multiplier Hopf algebras with integrals. We discuss these formulas and their importance in this theory. We also mention their generalizations to the (in a certain sense) more g…
To every Hopf heap or quantum cotorsor of Grunspan a Hopf algebra of translations is associated. This translation Hopf algebra acts on the Hopf heap making it a Hopf-Galois co-object. Conversely, any Hopf-Galois co-object has the natural structure of a Hopf heap with the translation Hopf algebra isomorphic to the acting Hopf algebra. It is then shown that this assignment establishes an equivalence between categories of Hopf heaps and Hopf-Galois co-objects.
We classify finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero whose Hopf coradcial is isomorphic to the smallest non-pointed basic Hopf algebra, under the assumption that the diagrams are strictly graded. In particular, we obtain some new Nichols algebras of non-diagonal type and new finite-dimensional Hopf algebras without the dual Chevalley property.
The quiver Hopf algebras are classified by means of ramification systems with irreducible representations. This leads to the classification of Nichols algebras over group algebras and pointed Hopf algebras of type one.
As is known to all, Hopf-Galois objects have a significant research value for analyzing tensor categories of comodules and classification questions of pointed Hopf algebras, and are natural generalizations of Hopf algebras with a Galois-theoretic flavour. In this paper, we mainly prove a criterion for an Ore extension of a Hopf-Galois algebra to be a Hopf-Galois algebra, and introduce the conception of Poisson Hopf-Galois algebras, and establish the relationship between Poisson Hopf-Galois algebras and Poisson Hopf algebras. Moreover, we study Poisson Hopf-Galois structures on Poisson polynomi…
We introduce quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras i.e. quasi-Hopf algebras equipped with a conjugation (star) operation. The definition of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras proposed ensures that the class of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras is closed under twisting and additionally, that any Hopf $*$-algebra becomes a quasi-Hopf $*$-algebra via twisting. The basic properties of these algebras are developed. The relationship between the antipode and star structure is investigated. Quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras are introduced and studied.
Let $H$ be a finite dimensional semisimple Hopf algebra and $R$ a braided Hopf algebra in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $H$. When $R$ is a Calabi-Yau algebra, a necessary and sufficient condition for $R#H$ to be a Calabi-Yau Hopf algebra is given. Conversely, when $H$ is the group algebra of a finite group and the smash product $R#H$ is a Calabi-Yau algebra, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the algebra $R$ to be a Calabi-Yau algebra.
We investigate a Hopf algebra structure on the cotensor coalgebra associated to a Hopf bimodule algebra which contains universal version of Clifford algebras and quantum groups as examples. It is shown to be the bosonization of the quantum quasi-shuffle algebra built on the space of its right coinvariants. The universal property and a Rota-Baxter algebra structure are established on this new algebra.
Let $\mathds{k}$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We determine all finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over $\mathds{k}$ whose Hopf coradical is isomorphic to the unique $12$-dimensional Hopf algebra $\mathcal{C}$ without the dual Chevalley property, such that the diagrams are strictly graded and the corresponding infinitesimal braidings are indecomposable objects in ${}_{\mathcal{C}}^{\mathcal{C}}\mathcal{YD}$. In particular, we obtain new Nichols algebras of dimension $18$ and $36$ and two families of new Hopf algebras of dimension $216$.
We define a series of Artin-Schelter Gorenstein Hopf algebras $H_β$ with injective dimensions 3. Radford's Hopf algebra and Gelaki's Hopf algebra are homomorphic images of $H_β$. We determine its Grothendieck ring $G_0(H_β)$. Meanwhile we can obtain Grothendieck rings of Gelaki's Hopf algebras and Radford's Hopf algebras $U_{(N,ν,ω)}$ in \cite{R}, and non-isomorphic Hopf algebras with isomorphic Grothendieck rings.
We present examples of color Hopf algebras, i.e. Hopf algebras in color categories (braided tensor categories with braiding induced by a bicharacter on an abelian group), related with quantum doubles of pointed Hopf algebras. We also discuss semisimple color Hopf algebras.
We prove the quasi-Hopf algebra version of the Nichols-Zoeller theorem: A finite-dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra is free over any quasi-Hopf subalgebra.
We present characterizations of braided co-Frobenius Hopf algebras in the braided tensor category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf algebra extending those already known for co-Frobenius Hopf algebras.
We investigate the equivariant and Hopf-cyclic cohomology of module algebras over Hopf algebroids and derive their Morita invariance. For this, we use the tools developed by McCarthy for $k$-linear categories and subsequently by Kaygun and Khalkhali for a certain class of categories, called as $H$-categories, for a Hopf algebra $H$.
Let $H$ be the dual of $16$-dimensional nontrivial semisimple Hopf algebra $H_{b:1}$ in the classification work of Kashina \cite{K00}. We completely determine all finite-dimensional Nichols algebras satisfying $\mathcal{B}(N)\cong \bigotimes_{i\in I}\mathcal{B}(N_i)$, where $N=\bigoplus_{i\in I}N_i$, each $N_i$ is a simple object in $_H^H\mathcal{YD}$. Under this assumption, we classify all those Hopf algebras of finite-dimensional growth from the semisimple Hopf algebra $H$ via the relevant Nichols algebras $\mathcal B(N)$.
This note extends Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode of a finite dimensional Hopf algebra to co-Frobenius Hopf algebras and studies equivalent conditions to a Hopf algebra being involutory for finite dimensional and co-Frobenius Hopf algebras.
Let $m$ a positive integer, not divisible by 2,3,5,7. We generalize the classification of basic quasi-Hopf algebras over cyclic groups of prime order given in \cite{EG3} to the case of cyclic groups of order $m$. To this end, we introduce a family of non-semisimple radically graded quasi-Hopf algebras $A(H,s)$, constructed as subalgebras of Hopf algebras twisted by a quasi-Hopf twist, which are not twist equivalent to Hopf algebras. Any basic quasi-Hopf algebra over a cyclic group of order $m$ is either semisimple, or is twist equivalent to a Hopf algebra or a quasi-Hopf algebra of type $A(H,s…
We introduce and investigate the basic properties of an involutory (dual) quasi-Hopf algebra. We also study the representations of an involutory quasi-Hopf algebra and prove that an involutory dual quasi-Hopf algebra with non-zero integral is cosemisimple.
We study the Calabi-Yau property of pointed Hopf algebra $U(\mc{D},\lmd)$ of finite Cartan type. It turns out that this class of pointed Hopf algebras constructed by N. Andruskiewitsch and H.-J. Schneider contains many Calabi-Yau Hopf algebras. To give concrete examples of new Calabi-Yau Hopf algebras, we classify the Calabi-Yau pointed Hopf algebras $U(\mc{D},\lmd)$ of dimension less than 5.
We study a natural construction of Hopf algebra quotients canonically associated to an R-matrix in a finite dimensional Hopf algebra. We apply this construction to show that a quasitriangular Hopf algebra whose dimension is odd and square-free is necessarily cocommutative.
Let p and q be distinct odd primes and assume k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We classify all quasitriangular Hopf algebras of dimension pq^2 over k, which are not simple as Hopf algebras. Moreover, we obtained all quasitriangular structures on these Hopf algebras.
We investigate the transformed Hopf algebras in Hopf Galois extensions. The final goal of this paper is to introduce certain triangular Hopf algebras associated with restricted Frobenius Lie algebras over a field of characteristic $p>0$.
We find a generalization of the restricted PBW basis for pointed Hopf algebras over abelian groups constructed by Kharchenko. We obtain a factorization of the Hilbert series for a wide class of graded Hopf algebras. These factors are parametrized by Lyndon words, and they are the Hilbert series of certain graded Hopf algebras. Key words: graded Hopf algebra, Nichols algebra, Lyndon word
