Affine Artin groups and the fundamental groups of some moduli spaces
Eduard Looijenga
备注：
This is a substantial revision of the previous version with some of the proofs simplified and the exposition (we hope) improved. To keep the length reasonable (38 pages), the discussion of the hyperelliptic mapping class groups has been omitted
We define for every affine Coxeter graph a certain factor group of the associated Artin group and prove that some of these groups appear as orbifold fundamental groups of moduli spaces. Examples are the moduli space of nonsingular cubic algebraic surfaces and the universal nonhyperelliptic smooth genus three curve. We use this to obtain a simple presentation of the mapping class group of a compact genus three topological surface with connected boundary. This leads to a modification of Wajnryb's presentation of the mapping class groups in the higher genus case that can be understood in algebro-geometric terms.
We develop the theory of associating moduli spaces with nice geometric properties to arbitrary Artin stacks generalizing Mumford's geometric invariant theory and tame stacks.
We construct explicitly moduli curves of polarized supersingular K3 surfaces in characteristic 2 with Artin invariant 2. As an application, we detect a "jump" phenomenon in a family of automorphism groups of supersingular K3 surfaces with a constant Néron-Severi lattice.
We define Reichstein transforms to be certain birational transformations of Artin stacks with good moduli spaces. Our main technical result is that the Reichstein transform of an Artin toric stack is again an Artin toric stack. This leads to our main theorem which states that for Artin toric stacks there is a canonical sequence of Reichstein transforms which produces a Deligne-Mumford toric stack. When the good moduli space of an Artin toric stack is projective our procedure can be interpreted in terms of Kirwan's partial desingularization of geometric invariant theory quotients.
We prove Artin's axioms satisfy a compatibility for composition of 1-morphisms of stacks in groupoids. Consequently, some natural stacks in groupoids are algebraic, including a common generalization of Vistoli's Hilbert stack and the stack of branchvarieties of Alexeev and Knutson.
We study the moduli space $\mathcal{AS}_{g}$ of Artin-Schreier curves of genus $g$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic $p$. The moduli space is partitioned by irreducible strata, where each stratum parameterizes Artin-Schreier curves whose ramification divisors have the same coefficients. We construct deformations of these curves to study the relations between those strata. As an application, when $p=3$, we prove that $\mathcal{AS}_{g}$ is connected for all possible $g$. When $p>3$, it turns out that $\mathcal{AS}_{g}$ is connected for sufficiently large value of …
We study the local properties of Artin stacks and their good moduli spaces, if they exist. We show that near closed points with linearly reductive stabilizer, Artin stacks formally locally admit good moduli spaces. We also give conditions for when the existence of good moduli spaces can be deduced from the existence of etale charts admitting good moduli spaces.
This paper is largely concerned with constructing coarse moduli spaces for Artin stacks. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of stability on an arbitrary Artin stack and construct a coarse moduli space for the open substack of stable points. Also, we present an application to coherent cohomology of Artin stacks.
We present a complete generalization of Kirwan's partial desingularization theorem on quotients of smooth varieties. Precisely, we prove that if $\mathcal{X}$ is an irreducible Artin stack with stable good moduli space $\mathcal{X} \to X$, then there is a canonical sequence of birational morphisms of Artin stacks $\mathcal{X}_n \to \mathcal{X}_{n-1} \to \ldots \to \mathcal{X}_0 = \mathcal{X}$ with the following properties: (1) the maximum dimension of a stabilizer of a point of $\mathcal{X}_{k+1}$ is strictly smaller than the maximum dimension of a stabilizer of $\mathcal{X}_k$ and the final s…
We study a moduli space AS_g for Artin-Schreier curves of genus g over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p. We study the stratification of AS_g by p-rank into strata AS_{g,s} of Artin-Schreier curves of genus g with p-rank exactly s. We enumerate the irreducible components of AS_{g,s} and find their dimensions. As an application, when p=2, we prove that every irreducible component of the moduli space of hyperelliptic k-curves with genus g and 2-rank s has dimension g-1+s. We also determine all pairs (p,g) for which AS_g is irreducible. Finally, we study deformations of Artin-Sc…
We interpret the Artin-Rees lemma and the Izumi theorem in term of Artin function and we obtain a stable version of the Artin-Rees lemma. We present different applications of these interpretations. First we show that the Artin function of $X_1X_2-X_3X_4$, as a polynomial in the ring of power series in more than three variables, is not bounded by an affine function. Then we prove that the Artin functions of a class of polynomials are bounded by affine functions and we use this to compute approximated integral closures of ideals.
We generalize Artin's three main algebraicity theorems to the setting of supergeometry: Artin approximation, algebraization of formal moduli, and algebraization of stacks.
We show how to construct non-isotrivial families of supersingular K3 surfaces over rational curves using a relative form of the Artin-Tate isomorphism and twisted analogues of Bridgeland's results on moduli spaces of stable sheaves on elliptic surfaces. As a consequence, we show that every point of Artin invariant 10 in the Ogus space of marked supersingular K3 surfaces lies on infinitely many pairwise distinct rational curves canonically associated to elliptic structures on the underlying K3 surface.
The purpose of this article is to study the role of Artin fans in tropical and non-Archimedean geometry. Artin fans are logarithmic algebraic stacks that can be described completely in terms of combinatorial objects, so called Kato stacks, a stack-theoretic generalization of K. Kato's notion of a fan. Every logarithmic algebraic stack admits a tautological strict morphism $ϕ_\mathcal{X}:\mathcal{X}\rightarrow\mathcal{A}_\mathcal{X}$ to an associated Artin fan. The main result of this article is that, on the level of underlying topological spaces, the natural functorial tropicalization map of $…
Let X be an irreducible affine T-variety. We consider families of affine stable toric T-varieties over X and give a description of the corresponding moduli space as the quotient stack of an open subscheme in a certain toric Hilbert scheme under the action of a torus.
Given a proper morphism X -> S, we show that a large class of objects in the derived category of X naturally form an Artin stack locally of finite presentation over S. This class includes S-flat coherent sheaves and, more generally, contains the collection of all S-flat objects which can appear in the heart of a reasonable sheaf of t-structures on X. In this sense, this is the Mother of all Moduli Spaces (of sheaves). The proof proceeds by studying the finite presentation properties, deformation theory, and Grothendieck existence theorem for objects in the derived category, and then applying A…
University of Southern California（南加州大学）；Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée（高级数学研究所）；Institut Universitaire de France (IUF)（法国高等研究院）；Institut de Mathématiques de Jussieu（儒勒·让数学研究所）
We study a mass formula for Artin--Schreier curves of genus $g$ defined over a finite field $k$ of characteristic $p$. For an odd prime $p$ and for small $g$, we determine the number of $k$-isomorphism classes of Artin-Schreier curves of genus $g$, weighted by the order of the centralizer of the Artin-Schreier involution in the automorphism group. This extends earlier results by several authors in characteristic $p=2$. Keywords: Artin-Schreier curve, finite field, automorphism, Mass formula, moduli space, arithmetic statistics
We introduce conjectures relating the Chow ring of a smooth Artin stack $\mathcal{X}$ to the Chow groups of its possibly singular good moduli space $X$. In particular, we conjecture the existence of an intersection product on a subgroup of the full Chow group $A^*(X)$ coming from strong cycles on $\mathcal{X}$.
The Hilbert scheme of point modules was introduced by Artin-Tate-Van den Bergh to study non-commutative graded algebras. The key tool is the construction of a map from the algebra to a twisted ring on this Hilbert scheme. In this paper, we study moduli stacks of more general "fat" point modules, and show that there is a similar map to a twisted ring associated to the stack. This is used to provide a sufficient criterion for a non-commutative projective surface to be birationally PI. It is hoped that such a criterion will be useful in understanding Mike Artin's conjecture on the birational clas…
We introduce and study smooth compactifications of the moduli space of n labeled points with weights in projective space, which have normal crossings boundary and are defined as GIT quotients of the weighted Fulton-MacPherson compactification. We show that the GIT quotient of a wonderful compactification is also a wonderful compactification under certain hypotheses. We also study a weighted version of the configuration spaces parametrizing n points in affine space up to translation and homothety. In dimension one, the above compactifications are isomorphic to Hassett's moduli space of rational…
We construct moduli spaces of complex affine and dilation surfaces. Using ideas of Veech, we show that the the moduli space of affine surfaces with fixed genus and with cone points of fixed complex order is a holomorphic affine bundle over the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. Similarly, the moduli space of dilation surfaces is a covering space of the moduli space of Riemann surfaces. We classify the connected components of the moduli space of dilation surfaces and show that any component is an orbifold K(G,1) where G is the framed mapping class group of Calderon-Salter.
We review the results on the cycle classes of the strata defined by the height and the Artin invariant on the moduli of K3 surfaces in positive characteristic obtained in joint work with Katsura and Ekedahl. In addition we prove a new irreducibility result for these strata.
In this paper we give a construction of algebraic (Artin) stacks endowed with a modular map onto the moduli stack of n-pointed stable curves of genus g, for g greater than 2. These stacks are smooth, irreducible and have dimension 4g-3+n, yielding a geometrically meaningful compactification of the degree d universal Picard stack over the moduli stack of smooth curves with marked points.
A fine moduli space is constructed, for cyclic-by-$\mathsf{p}$ covers of an affine curve over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $\mathsf{p}>0$. An intersection of finitely many fine moduli spaces for cyclic-by-$\mathsf{p}$ covers of affine curves gives a moduli space for $\mathsf{p}'$-by-$\mathsf{p}$ covers of an affine curve. A local moduli space is also constructed, for cyclic-by-$\mathsf{p}$ covers of $Spec(k((x)))$, which is the same as the global moduli space for cyclic-by-$\mathsf{p}$ covers of $\mathbb{P}^1-\{0\}$ tamely ramified over $\infty$ with the same Galois grou…
Using an existence criterion for good moduli spaces of Artin stacks by Alper-Fedorchuk-Smyth we construct a proper moduli space of rank two sheaves with fixed Chern classes on a given complex projective manifold that are Gieseker-Maruyama-semistable with respect to a fixed Kähler class.
We give a summary of joint work with Michael Thaddeus that realizes toroidal compactifcations of split reductive groups as moduli spaces of framed bundles on chains of rational curves. We include an extension of this work that covers Artin stacks with good moduli spaces. We discuss, for complex groups, the symplectic counterpart of these compactifications, and conclude with some open problems about the moduli problem concerned.
Let $M(d,r)$ be the moduli space of semistable sheaves of rank 0, Euler characteristic $r$ and first Chern class $dH (d>0)$, with $H$ the hyperplane class in $\mathbb{P}^2$. By previous work, we gave an explicit description of the class $[M(d,r)]$ of $M(d,r)$ in the Grothendieck ring of varieties for $d\leq 5$ and $g.c.d(d,r)=1$. In this paper we compute the fixed locus of $M(d,r)$ under some $(\mathbb{C}^{*})^2$-action and show that $M(d,r)$ admits an affine paving for $d\leq 5$ and $g.c.d(d,r)=1$. We also pose a conjecture that for any $d$ and $r$ coprime to $d$, $M(d,r)$ would admit an affi…
We give a combinatorial description of all affine spherical varieties with prescribed weight monoid $Γ$. As an application, we obtain a characterization of the irreducible components of Alexeev and Brion's moduli scheme $\mathrm M_Γ$ for such varieties. Moreover, we find several sufficient conditions for $\mathrm M_Γ$ to be irreducible and exhibit several examples where $\mathrm M_Γ$ is reducible. Finally, we provide examples of non-reduced $\mathrm M_Γ$.
Starting from a homogeneous affine Springer fiber $Fl_ψ$, we construct three moduli spaces that correspond to the Dolbeault, de Rham and Betti aspects of a hypothetical Simpson correspondence with wild ramifications. We show that $Fl_ψ$ is homeomorphic to the central Lagrangian fiber in the Dolbeault space, prove that the Dolbeaut and de Rham spaces both have the same cohomology as $Fl_ψ$, and construct a map from the de Rham space to the Betti space which we conjecture to be an analytic isomorphism.
We study Alexeev and Brion's moduli scheme $M_Γ$ of affine spherical varieties with weight monoid $Γ$ under the assumption that $Γ$ is free. We describe the tangent space to $M_Γ$ at its `most degenerate point' in terms of the combinatorial invariants of spherical varieties and deduce that the irreducible components of $M_Γ$, equipped with their reduced induced scheme structure, are affine spaces.
We define the affine stratification number asn X of a scheme X. For X equidimensional, it is the minimal number k such that there is a stratification of X by locally closed affine subschemes of codimension at most k. We show that the affine stratification number is well-behaved, and bounds many aspects of the topological complexity of the scheme, such as vanishing of cohomology groups of quasicoherent, constructible, and l-adic sheaves. We explain how to bound asn X in practice. We give a series of conjectures (the first by E. Looijenga) bounding the affine stratification number of various mod…
Let f(x) = x^d + a_{d-1}x^{d-1} + ... + a_0 be a polynomial of degree d in Q[x]. For every prime number p coprime to d and f(x) in (Z_p \cap Q)[x], let X/F_p be the Artin-Schreier curve defined by the affine equation y^p - y = f(x) mod p. Let NP_1(X/F_p) be the first slope of the Newton polygon of X/F_p. We prove that there is a Zariski dense subset U in the space A^d of degree-d monic polynomials over Q such that for all f(x) in U, the limit of NP_1(X/F_p) is equal to 1/d as p goes to infinity. This is a ``first slope version'' of a conjecture of Wan. Let X/F_pbar be an Artin-Schreier curve d…
We remove the global quotient presentation input in the theory of windows in derived categories of smooth Artin stacks of finite type. As an application, we use existing results on flipping of strata for wall-crossing of Gieseker semi-stable torsion-free sheaves of rank two on rational surfaces to produce semi-orthogonal decompositions relating the different moduli stacks. The complementary pieces of these semi-orthogonal decompositions are derived categories of products of Hilbert schemes of points on the surface.
We study the Fulton-Macpherson operational Chow rings of good moduli spaces of properly stable, smooth, Artin stacks. Such spaces are étale locally isomorphic to geometric invariant theory quotients of affine schemes, and are therefore natural extensions of GIT quotients. Our main result is that, with rational coefficients, every operational class can be represented by a so-called topologically strong cycle on the corresponding stack. Moreover, this cycle is unique modulo rational equivalence on the stack. Using out methods, we prove that if $X$ is the good moduli space of a properly stable, s…
We construct a smooth Artin stack parameterizing the stable weighted curves of genus one with twisted fields and prove that it is isomorphic to the blowup stack of the moduli of genus one weighted curves studied by Hu and Li. This leads to a blowup-free construction of Vakil-Zinger's desingularization of the moduli of genus one stable maps to projective spaces. This construction provides the cornerstone of the theory of stacks with twisted fields, which is thoroughly studied in arXiv:2005.03384 and leads to a blowup-free resolution of the stable map moduli of genus two.
For a K3 surface X and its bounded derived category of coherent sheaves D(X), we have the notion of stability conditions on D(X) in the sense of T.Bridgeland. In this paper, we show that the moduli stack of semistable objects in D(X) with a fixed numerical class and a phase is represented by an Artin stack of finite type over C. Then following D.Joyce's work, we introduce the invariants counting semistable objects in D(X), and show that the invariants are independent of a choice of a stability condition.
This paper provides explicit closed formulas in terms of tautological classes for the cycle classes of the height and Artin invariant strata in families of K3 surfaces. The proof is uniform for all strata and uses a flag space as the computations in [arXiv:math/0412272] for the Ekedahl-Oort strata for families of abelian varieties, but employs a Pieri formula formula to determine the push down to the base space.
Let X be the moduli of SL(3,C) representations of a rank r free group. In this paper we determine minimal generators of the coordinate ring of X. This at once gives explicit global coordinates for the moduli and determines the dimension of the moduli's minimal affine embedding. Along the way, we utilize results concerning the moduli of r-tuples of matrices in gl(3,C). Consequently, we also state general invariant theoretic correspondences between the coordinate rings of the moduli of r-tuples of elements in gl(n,C), sl(n,C), and SL(n,C).
In this note we define moduli functors of (primitively) polarized K3 spaces. We show that they are representable by Deligne-Mumford stacks over Spec(Z). Further, we look at K3 spaces with a level structure. Our main result is that the moduli functors of K3 spaces with a primitive polarization of degree 2d and a level structure are representable by smooth algebraic spaces over open parts of Spec(Z). To do this we use ideas of Grothendieck, Deligne, Mumford, Artin and others. These results are the starting point for the theory of complex multiplication for K3 surfaces and the definition of Kuga-…
For a connected reductive group G and a finite-dimensional G-module V, we study the invariant Hilbert scheme that parameterizes closed G-stable subschemes of V affording a fixed, multiplicity-finite representation of G in their coordinate ring. We construct an action on this invariant Hilbert scheme of a maximal torus T of G, together with an open T-stable subscheme admitting a good quotient. The fibers of the quotient map classify affine G-schemes having a prescribed categorical quotient by a maximal unipotent subgroup of G. We show that V contains only finitely many multiplicity-free G-subva…
