J. Brian Conrey, Eric Fransen, Robert Klein, Clayton Scott
For a positive integer k and an arbitrary integer h, the Dedekind sum s(h,k) was first studied by Dedekind because of the prominent role it plays in the transformation theory of the Dedekind eta-function, which is a modular form of weight 1/2 for the full modular group SL_2(Z). There is an extensive literature about the Dedekind sums. Rademacher [8] has written an introductory book on the subject.
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Dedekind sums occur in the transformation behaviour of the logarithm of the Dedekind eta-function under substitutions from the modular group. In 1892, Dedekind showed a reciprocity relation for the Dedekind sums. Apostol generalized Dedekind sums by replacing the first Bernoulli function appearing in them by any Bernoulli functions and derived a reciprocity relation for the generalized Dedekind sums. In this paper, we consider poly-Dedekind sums which are obtained from the Dedekind sums by replacing the first Bernoulli function by any type 2 poly-Bernoulli functions of arbitrary indices and pr…
Dedekind symbols are generalizations of the classical Dedekind sums (symbols). There is a natural isomorphism between the space of Dedekind symbols with Laurent polynomial reciprocity laws and the space of modular forms. We will define a new elliptic analogue of the Apostol-Dedekind sums. Then we will show that the newly defined sums generate all odd Dedekind symbols with Laurent polynomial reciprocity laws. Our construction is based on Machide's result on his elliptic Dedekind-Rademacher sums. As an application of our results, we discover Eisenstein series identities which generalize certain …
In this paper we consider Dedekind type DC sums and prove receprocity laws related to DC sums.
The main purpose of this paper is to study the hybrid mean value problem involving generalized Dedekind sums, generalized Hardy sums and Kloosterman sums, and give some exact computational formulae for them by using the properties of Gauss sums and the mean value theorem of the Dirichlet L-function.
We connect Dedekind sums and some formulas for numerical semigroups.
Newform Dedekind sums are a class of crossed homomorphisms that arise from newform Eisenstein series. We initiate a study of the kernel of these newform Dedekind sums. Our results can be loosely described as showing that these kernels are neither "too big" nor "too small." We conclude with an observation about the Galois action on Dedekind sums that allows for significant computational efficiency in the numerical calculation of Dedekind sums.
Generalized Dedekind sums and equidistribution mod 1
该研究针对非余紧格提出了名为Dedekind符号的广义Dedekind和概念，并证明了其模1等分布性质，拓展了经典Dedekind和的研究范畴。
Dedekind sums have applications in quite a number of fields of mathematics. Therefore, their distribution has found considerable interest. This article gives a survey of several aspects of the distribution of these sums. In particular, it highlights results about the values of Dedekind sums, their density and uniform distribution. Further topics include mean values, large and small (absolute) values, and the behaviour of Dedekind sums near quadratic irrationals. The present paper can be considered as a supplement to the survey article [R. W. Bruggeman, On the distribution of Dedekind sums, Con…
We use the action of Atkin-Lehner operators to generate a family of reciprocity formulas for newform Dedekind sums. This family of reciprocity formulas provides symmetries which we use to investigate the kernel of these Dedekind sums.
The classical Dedekind sums appear in the transformation behavior of the logarithm of the Dedekind eta-function under substitutions from the modular group. The Dedekind sums and their generalizations are defined in terms of Bernoulli functions and their generalizations, and are shown to satisfy some reciprocity relations. In contrast, Dedekind type DC (Daehee and Changhee) sums and their generalizations are defined in terms of Euler functions and their generalizations. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the poly-Dedekind type DC sums, which are obtained from the Dedekind type DC sums by…
We show that deciding the equality of two Dedekind sums $S(c,b)$, $S(d,b)$ is equivalent to deciding whether a Dedekind sum defined by $b, c, d$ takes a certain value. By means of this result we construct infinite sequences of pairwise equal Dedekind sums. Moreover, we prove a result that says how many Dedekind sums $S(d,b)$, $1\le d\le b-1$, may be equal to a given $S(c,b)$ if $b$ is a square-free number.
Elliptic Dedekind sums were introduced by R. Sczech as generalizations of classical Dedekind sums to complex lattices. We show that for any lattice with real $j$-invariant, the values of suitably normalized elliptic Dedekind sums are dense in the real numbers. This extends an earlier result of Ito for Euclidean imaginary quadratic rings. Our proof is an adaptation of the recent work of Kohnen, which gives a new proof of the density of values of classical Dedekind sums.
We show that each rational number $r$, $0\le r<1$, occurs as the fractional part of a Dedekind sum $S(m,n)$.
Two Kinds Hybrid Power Mean Involving Two-Term Exponential Sums and Dedekind Sums
本文利用解析方法、二次剩余变换及 Dedekind 和性质，研究两类含两项指数和与 Dedekind 和的混合幂平均计算问题，并给出两个渐近公式，推广了已有结论。
We construct an algorithm that reduces the complexity for computing generalized Dedekind sums from exponential to polynomial time. We do so by using an efficient word rewriting process in group theory.
The equidistribution of Elliptic Dedekind sums and generalized Selberg-Kloosterman sums
该研究证明归一化椭圆戴德金和模1等分布，核心是用庞加莱级数给出PSL₂(ℂ)离散子群的广义Selberg-Kloosterman和的非平凡界，推进了数论中相关和的分布研究。
Reciprocity of Dedekind sums and the Euler class
该研究基于欧拉类的具体实现证明了$\text{SL}_2(\boldsymbol{\text{R}})$中格的戴德金和互反律，并给出用连分数表示Hecke三角群戴德金和的显式公式。
In a recent note W. Kohnen asks whether the values of Dedekind sums are dense in the field of $p$-adic numbers. The present paper answers this question. Dedekind sums do not approximate units of $\mathbb Z_2$ or $\mathbb Z_3$, so they are not dense in $\mathbb Q_2$ or $\mathbb Q_3$. But they are dense in $\mathbb Q_p$ if $p\ge 5$.
it is the purpose of this paper to construct a p-adic continuous function for an odd prime to contain a p-adic q-analogue of higher order Dedekind type sums related to q-Euler polynomials and numbers.
In this paper, a transformation formula under modular substitutions is derived for a large class of generalized Eisenstein series. Appearing in the transformation formulae are generalizations of Dedekind sums involving the periodic Bernoulli function. Reciprocity theorems are proved for these Dedekind sums. Furthermore, as an application of the transformation formulae, relations between various infinite series and evaluations of several infinite series are deduced. Finally, we consider these sums for some special cases.
The Limiting Distribution of Elliptic Dedekind Sums
研究椭圆戴克斯特拉求和的极限分布，证明其归一化后服从高斯分布，并验证了Ito的猜想。
Dedekind sums, reciprocity, and non-arithmetic groups
本文综述了SL₂(R)中非一致格对应的戴德金和（戴德金符号）的若干最新研究进展，梳理了这类算术相关和在多领域的应用与相关研究背景。
In this paper, for coprime numbers p and q we consider the well known Dedekind sums S(p,q) First, we give an improvement of the proof given by H. Rademacher and A. Whiteman, and we construct a new arithmetical proof for the reciprocity law
Let a, a_1, ..., a_d be positive integers, m_1, ..., m_d nonnegative integers, and z_1, ..., z_d complex numbers. We study expressions of the form \[ \sum_{k \text{mod} a} \prod_{j=1}^d \cot^{(m_j)} π(\frac{k a_j}{a} + z_j ) . \] Here the sum is taken over all k mod a for which the summand is not singular. These Dedekind cotangent sums generalize and unify various arithmetic sums introduced by Dedekind, Rademacher, Apostol, Carlitz, Zagier, Berndt, Meyer, Sczech, and Dieter. Generalized Dedekind sums appear in various areas such as analytic and algebraic number theory, topology, algebraic and …
As a consequence of their work, Bruce C. Berndt and Ronald J. Evans in 1977 and Larry Joel Goldstein and Michael Razar in 1976 obtained a formula for the square of the class number of an imaginary quadratic number field in terms of Dedekind sums. Here we focus only on this formula and give a new short and simple proof of it. We finally express the relative class numbers of imaginary abelian number fields in terms of Dedekind sums.
We introduce the inversion polynomial for Dedekind sums $f_b(x)=\sum x^{\operatorname{inv}(a,b)}$ to study the number of $s(a,b)$ which have the same value for given $b$. We prove several properties of this polynomial and present some conjectures. We also introduce connections between Kloosterman sums and the inversion polynomial evaluated at particular roots of unity. Finally, we improve on previously known bounds for the second highest value of the Dedekind sum and provide a conjecture for a possible generalization. Lastly, we include a new restriction on equal Dedekind sums based on the rec…
For $a\in \Bbb Z$ and $b\in\Bbb N$, $(a,b)=1$, let $s(a,b)$ denote the classical Dedekind sum. We show that Dedekind sums take this value infinitely many times in the following sense. There are pairs $(a_i,b_i)$, $i\in\Bbb N$, with $b_i$ tending to infinity as $i$ grows, such that $s(a_i,b_i)=s(a,b)$ for all $i\in \Bbb N$.
Given a rational number $x$ and a bound $\varepsilon$, we exhibit $m,n$ such that $|x-12 s(m,n)|<\varepsilon$. Here $s(m,n)$ is the classical Dedekind sum and the parameters $m$ and $n$ are completely explicit in terms of $x$ and $\varepsilon$.
Dedekind sums $s(m,n)$ occur in many fields of mathematics. Since $s(m_1,n)=s(m_2,n)$ if $m_1\equiv m_2$ mod $n$, it is natural to ask which of the Dedekind sums $s(m,n)$, $0\le m<n$, take equal values. So far no simple criterion is known by which the equality of $s(m_1,n)$ and $s(m_2,n)$ could be decided. In this note we show how to obtain non-obvious examples of equal Dedekind sums. We consider two cases which mark the extreme possibilities for the argument $n$, namely, $n$ a prime power and $n$ square-free. Whereas we can give a partial overview of equal Dedekind sums in the prime power cas…
In [Girstmair, A criterion for the equality of Dedekind sums mod $\mathbb{Z}$, Internat. J. Number Theory 10: (2014) 565--568], it was shown that the necessary condition $b \mid (a_1 a_2-1)(a_1-a_2)$ for equality of two dedekind sums $s(a_1,b)$ and $s(a_2,b)$ given in [Jabuka, Robins and Wang, When are two Dedekind sums equal? Internat. J. Number Theory 7: (2011) 2197--2202] is equivalent to $12s(a_1,b)-12s(a_2,b) \in \mathbb{Z}$. In this note, we give a new proof of this result and then find two additional necessary and sufficient conditions for $12s(a_1,b)-12s(a_2,b) \in 2\mathbb{Z}, 4\mathb…
Let $p_1,p_2,\dots,p_n, a_1,a_2,\dots,a_n \in \N$, $x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n \in \R$, and denote the $k$th periodized Bernoulli polynomial by $\B_k(x)$. We study expressions of the form \[ \sum_{h \bmod{a_k}} \ \prod_{\substack{i=1\\ i\not=k}}^{n} \ \B_{p_i}\left(a_i \frac{h+x_k}{a_k}-x_i\right). \] These \highlight{Bernoulli--Dedekind sums} generalize and unify various arithmetic sums introduced by Dedekind, Apostol, Carlitz, Rademacher, Sczech, Hall--Wilson--Zagier, and others. Generalized Dedekind sums appear in various areas such as analytic and algebraic number theory, topology, algebraic and co…
We study a generalization of the classical Dedekind sum that incorporates two Dirichlet characters and develop properties that generalize those of the classical Dedekind sum. By calculating the Fourier transform of this generalized Dedekind sum, we obtain an explicit formula for its second moment. Finally, we derive upper and lower bounds for the second moment with nearly identical orders of magnitude.
Higher-dimensional Dedekind sums are defined as a generalization of a recent 1-dimensional probability model of Dilcher and Girstmair to a d-dimensional cube. The analysis of the frequency distribution of marked lattice points leads to new formulae in certain special cases, and to new bounds for the classical Dedekind sums. Upper bounds for the generalized Dedekind sums are defined in terms of 1-dimensional moments. In the classical two-dimensional case, the ratio of these sums to their upper bounds are cosines of angles between certain vectors of n-dimensional cones, conjectured to have a lar…
Reciprocity For Dedekind Sums via Conical Zeta Values
研究绝对连续函数相关Dedekind和的互反公式，推广经典Dedekind-Rademacher互反律，利用Fourier分析揭示多项式型函数互反性的锥形zeta值几何解释。
Let $s(a,b)$ denote the classical Dedekind sum and $S(a,b)=12s(a,b)$. Recently, Du and Zhang proved the following reciprocity formula. If $a$ and $b$ are odd natural numbers, $(a,b)=1$, then $$ S(2a^*,b)+S(2b^*,a)=\frac{a^2+b^2+4}{2ab}-3, $$ where $aa^*\equiv 1\mod b$ and $bb^* \equiv 1 \mod a$. In this paper we show that this formula is a special case of a series of similar reciprocity formulas. Whereas Du and Zhang worked with the connection of Dedekind sums and values of $L$-series, our main tool is the three-term relation for Dedekind sums.
Pointwise and correlation bounds on Dedekind sums over small subgroups
本文研究了模素数p且λ具有小乘法阶的Dedekind和的点态与平均界，在Mersenne素数无穷假设下达到最优范围，并利用该界分析了特征子群上L(1,χ)高阶矩与Dedekind和相关性的联系。
Using a generalization due to Lerch [M. Lerch, Sur un théorème de Zolotarev. Bull. Intern. de l'Acad. François Joseph 3 (1896), 34-37] of a classical lemma of Zolotarev, employed in Zolotarev's proof of the law of quadratic reciprocity, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the difference of two Dedekind sums to be in $8\mathbb{Z}$. These yield new necessary conditions for equality of two Dedekind sums. In addition, we resolve a conjecture of Girstmair [Girstmair, Congruences mod 4 for the alternating sum of the partial quotients, arXiv: 1501.00655].
The density of the graph of elliptic Dedekind sums
本文证明任意虚二次域上归一化椭圆戴德金和的图像稠密，推广了Ito的欧几里得结果，并推导了Martin连分数算法的基本性质。
Exponential generating functions for Apostol-Dedekind and related sums
本文构造 Apostol-Dedekind 和的指数生成函数，定义高阶和及相关有限和族，并利用这些函数推导出许多新公式。
Some reciprocity formulas for generalized Dedekind-Rademacher sums
本文通过建立Bernoulli函数乘积公式，结合多个解析公式，导出广义Dedekind-Rademacher和的互反公式，且多个经典互反定理可作为特例得出。
We define certain higher-dimensional Dedekind sums that generalize the classical Dedekind-Rademacher sums, and show how to compute them effectively using a generalization of the continued-fraction algorithm. We present two applications. First, we show how to express special values of partial zeta functions associated to totally real number fields in terms of these sums via the Eisenstein cocycle introduced by the second author. Hence we obtain a polynomial-time algorithm for computing these special values. Second, we show how to use our techniques to compute certain special values of the Witte…
In the present paper, our goal is to introduce a p-adic continuous function for an odd prime to inside a p-adic q-analogue of the higher order dedekind-type sums with weight alpha related to Extended q-Euler polynomials by using p-adic q-integral in the p-adic integer ring.
The purpose of this paper is to construct p-adic Dedekind sums and Hardy-Berndt type sums. We also construct generating function of the twisted Bernoulli polynomials and functions. Furthermore, we give some discussions on elliptic analogue of the Apostol-Dedekind sums.
Using a recent improvement by Bettin and Chandee to a bound of Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec~(1997) on double exponential sums with Kloosterman fractions, we establish a uniformity of distribution result for the fractional parts of Dedekind sums $s(m,n)$ with $m$ and $n$ running over rather general sets. Our result extends earlier work of Myerson (1988) and Vardi (1987). Using different techniques, we also study the least denominator of the collection of Dedekind sums $\bigl\{s(m,n):m\in(\mathbb Z/n \mathbb Z)^*\bigr\}$ on average for $n\in[1,N]$.
We study the image of a generalized Dedekind sum relating to the weight zero Eisenstein series $E_{χ_1,χ_2}$. We show that the image is a lattice of full rank inside a number field determined by the characters $χ_1$ and $χ_2$. We also give a generalization of Knopp's identity for the classical Dedekind sum.
We study the asymptotic behaviour of the classical Dedekind sums $s(s_k/t_k)$ for the sequence of convergents $s_k/t_k$ $k\ge 0$, of the transcendental number \BD \sum_{j=0}^\infty\frac {1}{b^{2^j}},\ b\ge 3. \ED In particular, we show that there are infinitely many open intervals of constant length such that the sequence $s(s_k/t_k)$ has infinitely many transcendental cluster points in each interval.
Higher Weight Generalized Dedekind Sums
本文提出了一种基于周期积分的广义狄利克雷求和，探讨了其在量子模形式和算术方面的性质，并推广了现有猜想以支持更高权重的猜想。
We introduce some new higher dimensional generalizations of the Dedekind sums associated with the Bernoulli functions and of those Hardy sums which are defined by the sawtooth function. We generalize a variant of Parseval's formula for the discrete Fourier transform to derive finite trigonometric representations for these sums in a simple unified manner. We also consider a related sum involving the Hurwitz zeta function.
In the present paper, our objective is to treat a p-adic continuous function for an odd prime to inside a p-adic q-analogue of the higher order Dedekind-type sums with weight in connection with modified q-Genocchi polynomials with weight alpha by using p-adic invariant q-integral on Zp.
Let $z$ be a real quadratic irrational. We compare the asymptotic behavior of Dedekind sums $S(p_k,q_k)$ belonging to convergents $p_k/q_k$ of the {\em regular} continued fraction expansion of $z$ with that of Dedekind sums $S(s_j/t_j)$ belonging to convergents $s_j/t_j$ of the {\em negative regular} continued fraction expansion of $z$. Whereas the three main cases of this behavior are closely related, a more detailed study of the most interesting case (in which the Dedekind sums remain bounded) exhibits some marked differences, since the cluster points depend on the respective periods of thes…
In a previous it was shown that the Dedkind sums $12s(m,n)$ and $12s(x,n)$, $1\le m,x\le n$, $(m,n)=(x,n)=1$, are equal mod $\Z$ if, and only if, $(x-m)(xm-1)\equiv 0$ mod $n$. Here we determine the cardinality of numbers $x$ in the above range that satisfy this congruence for a given number $m$.
For primitive non-trivial Dirichlet characters $χ_1$ and $χ_2$, we study the weight zero newform Eisenstein series $E_{χ_1,χ_2}(z,s)$ at $s=1$. The holomorphic part of this function has a transformation rule that we express in finite terms as a generalized Dedekind sum. This gives rise to the explicit construction (in finite terms) of elements of $H^1(Γ_0(N), \mathbb{C})$. We also give a short proof of the reciprocity formula for this Dedekind sum.
We give a simple proof for the reciprocity formulas of character Dedekind sums associated with two primitive characters, whose modulus need not to be same, by utilizing the character analogue of the Euler-MacLaurin summation formula. Moreover, we extend known results on the integral of products of Bernoulli polynomials by considering the integral \[ \int\limits_{0}^{x}B_{n_{1}}(b_{1}z+y_{1})... B_{n_{r}}(b_{r}z+y_{r}) dz, \] where $b_{l}$ $(b_{l}\neq 0)$ and $y_{l}$ $(1\leq l\leq r)$ are real numbers. As a consequence of this integral we establish a connection between the reciprocity relations…
Transformation laws for generalized Dedekind sums associated to Fuchsian groups
该研究建立了与非全纯艾森斯坦级数克罗内克极限函数及高阶变体相关的广义戴德金和变换法则，适用于第一类富克斯群，并给出多类群的示例。
A natural question about Dedekind sums is to find conditions on the integers $a_1, a_2$, and $b$ such that $s(a_1,b) = s(a_2, b)$. We prove that if the former equality holds then $ b \ | \ (a_1a_2-1)(a_1-a_2)$. Surprisingly, to the best of our knowledge such statements have not appeared in the literature. A similar theorem is proved for the more general Dedekind-Rademacher sums as well, namely that for any fixed non-negative integer $n$, a positive integer modulus $b$, and two integers $a_1$ and $a_2$ that are relatively prime to $b$, the hypothesis $r_n (a_1,b)= r_n (a_2,b)$ implies that $b \…
Fourier-Dedekind sums are a generalization of Dedekind sums - important number-theoretical objects that arise in many areas of mathematics, including lattice point enumeration, signature defects of manifolds and pseudo random number generators. A remarkable feature of Fourier-Dedekind sums is that they satisfy a reciprocity law called Rademacher reciprocity. In this paper, we study several aspects of Fourier-Dedekind sums: properties of general Fourier-Dedekind sums, extensions of the reciprocity law, average behavior of Fourier-Dedekind sums, and finally, extrema of 2-dimensional Fourier-Dede…
Let $S(a,b)=12s(a,b)$, where $s(a,b)$ denotes the classical Dedekind sum. For a given denominator $q\in \mathbb N$, we study the numerators $k\in\mathbb Z$ of the values $k/q$, $(k,q)=1$, of Dedekind sums $S(a,b)$. Our main result says that if $k$ is such a numerator, then the whole residue class of $k$ modulo $(q^2-1)q$ consists of numerators of this kind. This fact reduces the task of finding all possible numerators $k$ to that of finding representatives for finitely many residue classes modulo $(q^2-1)q$. By means of the proof of this result we have determined all possible numerators $k$ fo…
Let $S(a,b)$ denote the normalized Dedekind sum. We study the range of possible values for $S(a,b)=\frac{k}{q}$ with $\gcd(k,q)=1$. Girstmair proved local restrictions on $k$ depending on $q\pmod{12}$ and whether $q$ is a square and conjectured that these are the only restrictions possible. We verify the conjecture in the cases $q$ even, $q$ a square divisible by $3$ or $5$, and $2\le q\le 200$ (the latter by computer), and provide progress towards a general approach.
Large Values of Newform Dedekind Sums
本文研究新形式艾森斯坦级数上的广义戴德金和，证明其很少显著大于 $\log^3 c$，并通过连分数方法与特殊情形下的数值计算给出大值实例。
In this article, we study the zeros of the partial sums of the Dedekind zeta function of a cyclotomic field $K$ defined by the truncated Dirichlet series \[ ζ_{K, X} (s) = \sum_{\|\mathfrak{a}\| \leq X} \frac{1}{\|\mathfrak{a}\|^{s}}, \] where the sum is to be taken over nonzero integral ideals $\mathfrak{a}$ of $K$ and $\|\mathfrak{a}\|$ denotes the absolute norm of $\mathfrak{a}$. Specifically, we establish the zero-free regions for $ζ_{K, X} (s)$ and estimate the number of zeros of $ζ_{K, X} (s)$ up to height $T$.
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