A theorem of Davis, Figiel, Johnson and Pełczyński tells us that weakly-compact operators between Banach spaces factor through reflexive Banach spaces. The machinery underlying this result is that of the real interpolation method, which has been adapted to the category of operator spaces by Xu, showing the this factorisation result also holds for completely bounded weakly-compact maps. In this note, we show that Xu's ideas can be adapted to give an intrinsic characterisation of when a completely contractive Banach algebra arises as a closed subalgebra of the algebra of completely bounded operators on a reflexive operator space. This result was shown by Young for Banach algebras, and our characterisation is a direct analogue of Young's, involving weakly almost periodic functionals.
In this paper, we present some necessary and sufficient conditions for semi-compact operators being almost L-weakly compact (resp. almost M-weakly compact) and the converse. Mainly, we prove that if $X$ is a nonzero Banach space, then every semi-compact operator $T: X\rightarrow E$ is almost L-weakly compact if and only if the norm of $E$ is order continuous. And every positive semi-compact operator $T:E\rightarrow F$ is almost M-weakly compact if and only if the norm of $E'$ is order continuous. Moreover, we investigate the relationships between almost L-weakly compact operators and Dunford-P…
Let $M$ be a Hopf--von Neuman algebra with the predual $M_*$ and $WAP(M)$ the subspace in $M$ composed of weakly almost periodic functionals on $M_*$. The main example of such an algebra is $M=L^\infty(\mathbb G)$ for a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb G$. We define a pair of left/right spaces $WAP_{iso,l}(M)$ and $WAP_{iso,r}(M)$ inside $WAP(M)$ and prove that they carry invariant means. These spaces are currently the widest known to admit invariant means in the quantum setting. In the case when $M=L^\infty(G)$ and $G$ is a locally compact group, these spaces are equal to $WAP(G)$.
Let $(M,Γ)$ be a Hopf--von Neumann algebra, so that $M_\ast$ is a completely contractive Banach algebra. We investigate whether the product of two elements of $M$ that are both weakly almost periodic functionals on $M_\ast$ is again weakly almost periodic. For that purpose, we establish the following factorization result: If $M$ and $N$ are injective von Neumann algebras, and if $x, y \in M \bar{\otimes} N$ correspond to weakly compact operators from $M_\ast$ to $N$ factoring through reflexive operator spaces $X$ and $Y$, respectively, then the operator corresponding to $xy$ factors through th…
Let (G,tau_G) be a topological group. We establish relationships between weakly almost periodic topologies on G coarser than tau_G, central idempotents in the weakly almost periodic compactification G^W, and certain ideals in the algebra of weakly almost periodic functions W(G). We gain decompositions of weakly almost periodic representations, generalizing many from the literature. We look at the role of pre-locally compact topologies, unitarizable topologies, and extend or decompositions to Fourier-Stieltjes algebras B(G).
In this paper we study weakly almost periodic and uniformly continuous functionals on the Orlicz Figà-Talamanca Herz algebras associated to a locally compact group. We show that a unique invariant mean exists on the space of weakly almost periodic functionals. We also characterise discrete groups in terms of the inclusion of the space of uniformly continuous functions inside the space of weakly almost periodic functionals.
We study some topological properties of maximal ideal spaces of certain algebras of almost periodic functions. Our main result is that such spaces are contractible. We present certain corollaries of this result.
A continuous operator $T$ between two Banach lattices $E$ and $F$ is called almost order-weakly compact, whenever for each almost order bounded subset $A$ of $E$, $T(A)$ is a relatively weakly compact subset of $F$. In Theorem 4, we show that the positive operator $T$ from $E$ into Dedekind complete $F$ is almost order-weakly compact if and only if $T(x_n) \xrightarrow{\|.\|}0$ in $F$ for each disjoint almost order bounded sequence $\{x_n\}$ in $E$. In this manuscript, we study some properties of this class of operators and its relationships with others known operators.
It is shown that the collection of weakly almost periodic functionals on the convolution algebra of a commutative Hopf von Neumann algebra is a C$^*$-algebra. This implies that the weakly almost periodic functionals on $M(G)$, the measure algebra of a locally compact group $G$, is a C$^*$-subalgebra of $M(G)^* = C_0(G)^{**}$. The proof builds upon a factorisation result, due to Young and Kaiser, for weakly compact module maps. The main technique is to adapt some of the theory of corepresentations to the setting of general reflexive Banach spaces.
By introducing the concepts of order almost Dunford-Pettis and almost weakly limited operators in Banach lattices, we give some properties of them related to some well known classes of operators, such as, order weakly compact, order Dunford-Pettis, weak and almost Dunford-Pettis and weakly limited operators. Then, we characterize Banach lattices E and F on which each operator from E into F that is order almost Dunford-Pettis and weak almost Dunford-Pettis is an almost weakly limited operator.
The main aim of this paper is to investigate almost periodicity and asymptotic almost periodicity of abstract semilinear Cauchy inclusions of first order with (asymptotically) Stepanov almost periodic coefficients. To achieve our goal, we employ fixed point theorems and the well known results on the generation of infinitely differentiable degenerate semigroups with removable singularites at zero.
We construct Eberlein almost periodic functions $ f_j : J \to H$ so that $||f_1(\cdot)||$ is not ergodic and thus not Eberlein almost periodic and $||f_2(.)||$ is Eberlein almost periodic, but $f_1$ and $f_2$ are not pseudo almost periodic, the Parseval equation for them fails, where $J=\r_+$ or $\r$ and $H$ is a Hilbert space. This answers several questions posed by Zhang and Liu [18].
In the paper under review, we introduce the notions of various types of generalized (asymptotical) almost periodicity with variable exponents. We define and thoroughly analyze an important subclass of (asymptotically) Stepanov almost periodic functions which contains all (asymptotically) almost periodic functions. We provide a great number of relevant applications to abstract Volterra integro-differential equations in Banach spaces.
In this paper we survey results concerning the asymptotic properties of C_0-semigroups on Banach spaces with respect to the weak operator topology. The property "no eigenvalues of the generator on the imaginary axis" is equivalent to weak stability for most time values; a phenomenon called "almost weak stability". Further, sufficient conditions actually implying weak stability are also given. By several examples we explain weak and almost weak stability and illustrate the fundamental difference between them. Many historical and bibliographical remarks position the material in the literature. W…
We deduce mixed quasi-norm estimates of Lebesgue types on semi-continuous convolutions between sequences and functions which may be periodic or possess a weaker form of periodicity in certain directions. In these directions, the Lebesgue quasi-norms are applied on the period instead of the whole axes.
In this paper, we study norm almost periodic measures on locally compact Abelian groups. First, we show that the norm almost periodicity of $μ$ is equivalent to the equi-Bohr almost periodicity of $μ*g$ for all $g$ in a fixed family of functions. Then, we show that, for absolutely continuous measures, norm almost periodicity is equivalent to the Stepanov almost periodicity of the Radon--Nikodym density.
We prove some results on weakly almost square Banach spaces and their relatives. On the one hand, we discuss weak almost squareness in the setting of Banach function spaces. More precisely, let $(Ω,Σ)$ be a measurable space, let $E$ be a Banach lattice and let $ν:Σ\to E^+$ be a non-atomic countably additive measure having relatively norm compact range. Then the space $L_1(ν)$ is weakly almost square. This result applies to some abstract Cesàro function spaces. Similar arguments show that the Lebesgue-Bochner space $L_1(μ,Y)$ is weakly almost square for any Banach space~$Y$ and for any non-atom…
We initiate a study of cohomological aspects of weakly almost periodic group representations on Banach spaces, in particular, isometric representations on reflexive Banach spaces. Using the Ryll-Nardzewski fixed point Theorem, we prove a vanishing result for the restriction map (with respect to a subgroup) in the reduced cohomology of weakly periodic representations. Combined with the Alaoglu-Birkhoff decomposition theorem, this generalizes and complements theorems on continuous group cohomology by several authors.
In the paper under review, we analyze the invariance of Doss almost periodicity and Besicovitch-Doss almost periodicity under the actions of convolution products. We thus continue our recent research studies \cite{fedorov-novi} and \cite{NSJOM-besik} by investigating the case in which the solution operator family $(R(t))_{t>0}$ under our consideration has special growth rates at zero and infinity. In contrast to \cite{NSJOM-besik}, the results obtained in this paper can be incorporated in the qualitative analysis of solutions to abstract (degenerate) inhomogeneous fractional differential equat…
We show that, contrarily to what is claimed in some papers, the nontrivial solutions of some stochastic differential equations with almost periodic coefficients are never mean square almost periodic (but they can be almost periodic in distribution).
The main aim of this paper is to consider the classes of quasi-asymptotically almost periodic functions and Stepanov quasi-asymptotically almost periodic functions in Banach spaces. These classes extend the well known classes of asymptotically almost periodic functions, Stepanov asymptotically almost periodic functions and S-asymptotically $ω$-periodic functions with values in Banach spaces. We investigate the invariance of introduced properties under the action of finite and inifinite convolution products, providing also an illustrative application to abstract nonautonomous differential equat…
In this paper, we analyze various classes of multi-dimensional almost periodic type functions in general metric. The main classes of functions under our consideration are $({\mathrm R}, {\mathcal B},{\mathcal P},L)$-multi-almost periodic functions, $({\mathrm R}_{X}, {\mathcal B},{\mathcal P},L)$-multi-almost periodic functions, Bohr $({\mathcal B}, I',ρ,{\mathcal P})$-almost periodic functions and $({\mathcal B}, I',ρ,{\mathcal P})$-uniformly recurrent functions. We clarify the main structural properties for the introduced classes of almost periodic type functions and provide some application…
Let WAP(A) be the space of all weakly almost periodic functionals on a Banach algebra A. The Banach algebra A for which the natural embedding of A into WAP(A)* is bounded below is called a WAP-algebra. We show that the second dual of a Banach algebra A is a WAP-algebra, under each Arens products, if and only if A** is a dual Banach algebra. This is equivalent to the Arens regularity of A. For a locally compact foundation semigroup S, we show that the absolutely continuous semigroup measure algebra M_a(S) is a WAP-algebra if and only if the measure algebra M_b(S) is so.
The main purpose of this paper is to introduce the notion of an asymptotically almost periodic ultradistribution and asymptotically almost automorphic ultradistribution with values in a Banach space, as well as to further analyze the classes of asymptotically almost periodic and asymptotically almost automorphic distributions with values in a Banach space. We provide some applications of the introduced concepts in the analysis of systems of ordinary differential equations.
In this paper, we analyze multi-dimensional Besicovitch almost periodic type functions. We clarify the main structural properties for the introduced classes of Besicovitch almost periodic type functions, explore the notion of Besicovitch-Doss almost periodicity in the multi-dimensional setting, and provide some applications of our results to the abstract Volterra integro-differential equations and the partial differential equations.
The main aim of this note is to introduce the notion of an almost anti-periodic function in Banach space. We prove some characterizations for this class of functions, investigating also its relationship with the classes of anti-periodic functions and almost periodic functions in Banach spaces.
The paper studies semi-almost periodic holomorphic functions on a polydisk which have, in a sense, the weakest possible discontinuities on the boundary torus. The basic result used in the proofs is an extension of the classical Bohr approximation theorem for almost periodic holomorphic functions on a strip to the case of Banach-valued almost periodic holomorphic functions.
Let $G$ be a locally compact group, and consider the weakly-almost periodic functionals on $M(G)$, the measure algebra of $G$, denoted by $\wap(M(G))$. This is a C$^*$-subalgebra of the commutative C$^*$-algebra $M(G)^*$, and so has character space, say $K_\wap$. In this paper, we investigate properties of $K_\wap$. We present a short proof that $K_\wap$ can naturally be turned into a semigroup whose product is separately continuous: at the Banach algebra level, this product is simply the natural one induced by the Arens products. This is in complete agreement with the classical situation when…
This paper deals with the existence and uniqueness of ($μ$-pseudo) almost periodic mild solution to some evolution equations with Stepanov ($μ$-pseudo) almost periodic coefficients, in both determinist and stochastic cases. After revisiting some known concepts and properties of Stepanov ($μ$-pseudo) almost periodicity in complete metric space, we consider a semilinear stochastic evolution equation on a Hilbert separable space with Stepanov ($μ$-pseudo) almost periodic coefficients. We show existence and uniqueness of the mild solution which is ($μ$-pseudo) almost periodic in 2-distribution. We…
In this paper, we consider composition principles for generalized almost periodic functions. We prove several new composition principles for the classes of (asymptotically) Stepanov $p$-almost periodic functions and (asymptotically, equi-)Weyl $p$-almost periodic functions, where $1\leq p<\infty ,$ and explain how we can use some of them in the qualitative analysis of solutions for certain classes of abstract semilinear Cauchy inclusions in Banach spaces.
The main aim of this paper is to investigate Weyl-$p$-almost periodic properties and asymptotically Weyl-$p$-almost periodic properties of convolution products. In such a way, we continue several recent research studies of ours which do concern a similar problematic.
In this paper, we analyze multi-dimensional $({\mathrm R}_{X},{\mathcal B})$-almost periodic type functions and multi-dimensional Bohr ${\mathcal B}$-almost periodic type functions. The main structural characterizations and composition principles for the introduced classes of almost periodic functions are established. Several applications of our abstract theoretical results to the abstract Volterra integro-differential equations in Banach spaces are provided, as well.
In this paper, we analyze the existence and uniqueness of generalized weighted pseudo-almost automorphic solutions of abstract Volterra integro-differential inclusions in Banach spaces. The main results are devoted to the study of various types of weighted pseudo-almost periodic (automorphic) properties of convolution products. We illustrate our abstract results with some examples and possible applications.
The aim of this paper is to introduce and to study an algebra of almost periodic generalized functions containing the classical Bohr almost periodic functions as well as almost periodic Schwartz distributions
In this paper, we analyze multi-dimensional quasi-asymptotically $c$-almost periodic functions and their Stepanov generalizations as well as multi-dimensional Weyl $c$-almost periodic type functions. We also analyze several important subclasses of the class of multi-dimensional quasi-asymptotically $c$-almost periodic functions and reconsider the notion of semi-$c$-periodicity in the multi-dimensional setting, working in the general framework of Lebesgue spaces with variable exponent. We provide certain applications of our results to the abstract Volterra integro-differential equations in Bana…
The main aim of this paper is to introduce and analyze the notions of subspace almost periodicity and subspace weak almost periodicity for $C$-distribution semigroups and $C$-distribution cosine functions in Banach spaces. We continue our previous research study of almost periodicity of abstract Volterra integro-differential equations \cite{aot}, focusing our attention on the abstract ill-posed Cauchy problems of first order.
The paper is devoted to the relationship between almost limited operators and weakly compacts operators. We show that if $F$ is a $σ$-Dedekind complete Banach lattice then, every almost limited operator $T:E\rightarrow F $ is weakly compact if and only if $E$ is reflexive or the norm of $F$ is order continuous. Also, we show that if $E$ is a $σ$-Dedekind complete Banach lattice then the square of every positive almost limited operator $ T:E\rightarrow E$ is weakly compact if and only if the norm of $E$ is order continuous.
In this paper, we first use the Bohr property to give a definition of Besicovitch almost periodic functions, and study some basic properties of Besicovitch almost periodic functions, including the equivalence of the Bohr property and the Bochner property. Then, as an application, we use the contraction principal to obtain the existence and uniqueness of Besicovitch almost periodic solutions for a class of abstract semi-linear differential equations with delay.
Using the notion of complete compactness introduced by H. Saar, we define completely almost periodic functionals on completely contractive Banach algebras. We show that, if $(M,Γ)$ is a Hopf--von Neumann algebra with $M$ injective, then the space of completely almost periodic functionals on $M_\ast$ is a $C^\ast$-subalgebra of $M$.
In this paper, we introduce several various classes of $c$-almost periodic type functions and their Stepanov generalizations, where $c\in {\mathbb C}$ and $|c|=1.$ We also consider the corresponding classes of $c$-almost periodic type functions depending on two variables and prove several related composition principles. Plenty of illustrative examples and applications are presented.
In this paper, we analyze multi-dimensional Bohr $({\mathcal B},c)$-almost periodic type functions. The main structural characterizations for the introduced classes of Bohr $({\mathcal B},c)$-almost periodic type functions are established. Several applications of our abstract theoretical results to the abstract Volterra integro-differential equations in Banach spaces are provided, as well.
We present a unified theory for the almost periodicity of functions with values in an arbitrary Banach space, measures and distributions via almost periodic elements for the action of a locally compact abelian group on a uniform topological space. We discuss the relation between Bohr and Bochner type almost periodicity, and similar conditions, and how the equivalence among such conditions relates to properties of the group action and the uniformity. We complete the paper by demonstrating how various examples considered earlier all fit in our framework.
In this paper, we relate the notions of remote almost periodicity and quasi-asymptotical almost periodicity; in actual fact, we observe that a remotely almost periodic function is nothing else but a bounded, uniformly continuous quasi-asymptotically almost periodic function. We introduce and analyze several new classes of remotely $c$-almost periodic functions in ${\mathbb R}^{n},$ slowly oscillating functions in ${\mathbb R}^{n},$ and further analyze the recently introduced class of quasi-asymptotically $c$-almost periodic functions in ${\mathbb R}^{n}.$ We provide certain applications of our…
We introduce and study a new concept called doubly-weighted pseudo-almost periodicity, which generalizes the notion of weighted pseudo-almost periodicity due to Diagana. Properties of such a new concept such as the stability of the convolution, translation-invariance, existence of a doubly-weighted mean for almost periodic functions, and a composition result will be studied.
Uniqueness theorems are considered for various types of almost periodic objects: functions, measures, distributions, multisets, holomorphic and meromorphic functions.
We prove that Besicovitch almost periodic multivalued maps ${\bf R}\ni t \to F(t) \in cl U$ have Besicovitch almost periodic selections, where $cl U$ is the collection of non-empty closed sets of a complete metric space $U$.
The paper examines the existence of pseudo almost periodic solutions to some classes of partial hyperbolic evolution equations. Namely, sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solutions to those classes of hyperbolic evolution equations are given. Applications include the existence of pseudo almost periodic solutions to the transport and heat equations with delay.
We prove that equi-Weyl almost periodic multivalued maps $R \ni t \to F(t)\in cl U$ have equi-Weyl almost periodic selections, where $cl U$ is the collection of non-empty closed sets of a complete metric space $U$.
We study the reducibility of a Linear Schrödinger equation subject to a small unbounded almost-periodic perturbation which is analytic in time and space. Under appropriate assumptions on the smallness, analiticity and on the frequency of the almost-periodic perturbation, we prove that such an equation is reducible to constant coefficients via an analytic almost-periodic change of variables. This implies control of both Sobolev and Analytic norms for the solution of the corresponding Schrödinger equation for all times.
We introduce and study the notions of translation bounded tempered distributions, and autocorrelation for a tempered distrubution. We further introduce the spaces of weakly, strongly and null weakly almost periodic tempered distributions and show that for weakly almost periodic tempered distributions the Eberlein decomposition holds. For translation bounded measures all these notions coincide with the classical ones. We show that tempered distributions with measure Fourier transform are weakly almost periodic and that for this class, the Eberlein decomposition is exactly the Fourier dual of th…
We study almost periodic pseudodifferential operators acting on almost periodic functions $G_{\rm ap}^s(\rr d)$ of Gevrey regularity index $s \geq 1$. We prove that almost periodic operators with symbols of Hörmander type $S_{ρ,δ}^m$ satisfying an $s$-Gevrey condition are continuous on $G_{\rm ap}^s(\rr d)$ provided $0 < ρ\leq 1$, $δ=0$ and $s ρ\geq 1$. A calculus is developed for symbols and operators using a notion of regularizing operator adapted to almost periodic Gevrey functions and its duality. We apply the results to show a regularity result in this context for a class of hypoelliptic …
The paper concerns algebras of almost periodic pseudodifferential operators on $\mathbb R^d$ with symbols in Hörmander classes. We study three representations of such algebras, one of which was introduced by Coburn, Moyer and Singer and the other two inspired by results in probability theory by Gladyshev. Two of the representations are shown to be unitarily equivalent for nonpositive order. We apply the results to spectral theory for almost periodic pseudodifferential operators acting on $L^2$ and on the Besicovitch Hilbert space of almost periodic functions.
The main objective of this paper is twofold. We first show that if the doubly-weighted Bohr spectrum of an almost periodic function exists, then it is either empty or coincides with the Bohr spectrum of that function. Next, we investigate the problem which consists of the existence of doubly-weighted pseudo-almost periodic solutions to some nonautonomous abstract differential equations.
We study global reflection symmetries of almost periodic functions. In the non-limit periodic case, we establish an upper bound on the Haar measure of the set of those elements in the hull which are almost symmetric about the origin. As an application of this result we prove that in the non-limit periodic case, the criterion of Jitomirskaya and Simon ensuring absence of eigenvalues for almost periodic Schrödinger operators is only applicable on a set of zero Haar measure. We complement this by giving examples of limit periodic functions where the Jitomirskaya-Simon criterion can be applied to …
