We study the relationship between the Tor-regularity and the local-regularity over a positively graded algebra defined over a field which coincide if the algebra is a standard graded polynomial ring. In this case both are characterizations of the so-called Castelnuovo--Mumford regularity. Moreover, we can characterize a standard graded polynomial ring as an algebra with extremal properties with respect to the Tor- and the local-regularity. For modules of finite projective dimension we get a nice formula relating the two regularity notions. Interesting examples are given to help to understand the relationship between the Tor- and the local-regularity in general.
Bounds on the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the associated graded modules of k-Buchsbaum modules M are given in terms of k and some other invariants of M.
In this note, we give examples of formal power series satisfying certain conditions that cannot be realized as Hilbert series of finitely generated modules. This answers to the negative a question raised in a recent article by the second and the third author. On the other hand, we show that the answer is positive after multiplication with a scalar.
Positively graded algebras are fairly natural objects which are arduous to be studied. In this article we query quotients of non-standard graded polynomial rings with combinatorial and commutative algebra methods.
An upper bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the associated graded module of an one-dimension module is given in term of its Hilbert coeffcients. It is also investigated when the bound is attained.
We give bounds on the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the associated graded module of an arbitrary good filtration and of its fiber cone. These bounds extend previous results of Rossi-Trung-Valla and Linh.
In this work, we prove that if a graded, commutative algebra $R$ over a field $k$ is not Koszul then, denoting by $\mathfrak{m}$ the maximal homogeneous ideal of $R$ and by $M$ a finitely generated graded $R$-module, the nonzero modules of the form $\mathfrak{m} M$ have infinite Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. We also prove that over complete intersections which are not Koszul, a nonzero direct summand of a syzygy of $k$ has infinite regularity. Finally, we relate the vanishing of the graded deviations of $R$ to having a nonzero direct summand of a syzygy of $k$ of finite regularity.
This Note provides first a generalization of the stabilization result of Eisenbud and Ulrich for the regularity of powers of a m-primary ideal to the case of ideals that are not generated in a single degree. We then partially extend our previous results expressing this stabilization degree in term of the regularity of a specific graded strand of the Rees ring : The natural extension of the statement holds at least if the stabilization index or the regularity is greater than the number of variables. In any case a precise comparison is given.
Let M be a finitely generated ZZ-graded module over the standard graded polynomial ring R=K[X_1, ..., X_n] with K a field, and let H_M(t)=Q_M(t)/(1-t)^d be the Hilbert series of M. We introduce the Hilbert regularity of M as the lowest possible value of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity for an R-module with Hilbert series H_M. Our main result is an arithmetical description of this invariant which connects the Hilbert regularity of M to the smallest k such that the power series Q_M(1-t)/(1-t)^k has no negative coefficients. Finally we give an algorithm for the computation of the Hilbert regula…
In this paper we introduce a new technique to study associated graded modules. Let $(A,\m)$ be a Noetherian local ring with $\depth A \geq 2$. Our techniques gives a necessary and sufficient condition for $\depth G_{\m^n}(A) \geq 2$ for all $n \gg 0$. Other applications are also included; most notable is an upper bound regarding the Ratliff-Rush filtration.
Let R be a standard graded ring over a commutative Noetherian ring with unity and I a graded ideal of R. Let M be a finitely generated graded R-module. We prove that there exist integers e and ρ_M(I) such that for all large n, reg(I^nM)= ρ_M(I)n+e.
In this paper we study homological properties of the Rees ring R of the graded maximal ideal of a standard graded k-algebra A. In particular we are interested the comparison of the depth and regularity of A and R.
Let $I$ be a proper graded ideal in a positively graded polynomial ring $S$ over a field of characteristic 0. In this note it is shown that $S/I^k$ is Golod for all $k\geq 2$.
Let $(A,\m)$ be a Noetherian local ring, let $M$ be a finitely generated \CM $A$-module of dimension $r \geq 2$ and let $I$ be an ideal of definition for $M$. Set $L^I(M) = \bigoplus_{n\geq 0}M/I^{n+1}M$. In part one of this paper we showed that $L^I(M)$ is a module over $\R$, the Rees algebra of $I$ and we gave many applications of $L^I(M)$ to study the associated graded module, $G_I(M)$. In this paper we give many further applications of our technique; most notable is a reformulation of a classical result due to Narita in terms of the Ratliff-Rush filtration. This reformulation can be extend…
In this paper we show that there is a close relationship between the invariants characterizing the homogeneous vanishing of the local cohomology of the Rees algebra and the associated graded ring for the good filtrations case. We obtain relationships between the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the fiber cone, associated graded ring, Rees algebra and reduction number for the good filtrations case.
Let R be a Noetherian standard graded ring, and M and N two finitely generated graded R-modules. We introduce reg_R (M,N) by using the notion of generalized local cohomology instead of local cohomology, in the definition of regularity. We prove that reg_R (M,N)is finite in several cases. In the case that the base ring is a field, we show that reg_R (M,N)=reg (N)-indeg (M). This formula, together with a graded version of duality for generalized local cohomology, gives a formula for the minimum of the initial degrees of some Ext modules(in the case R is Cohen-Macaulay), of which the three usual …
For a finitely generated graded module $M$ over a positively-graded commutative Noetherian ring $R$, the second author established in 1999 some restrictions, which can be formulated in terms of the Castelnuovo regularity of $M$ or the so-called $a^*$-invariant of $M$, on the supporting degrees of a graded-indecomposable graded-injective direct summand, with associated prime ideal containing the irrelevant ideal of $R$, of any term in the minimal graded-injective resolution of $M$. Earlier, in 1995, T. Marley had established connections between finitely graded local cohomology modules of $M$ an…
Let $R$ be a positively graded algebra over a field. We say that $R$ is Hilbert-cyclotomic if the numerator of its reduced Hilbert series has all of its roots on the unit circle. Such rings arise naturally in commutative algebra, numerical semigroup theory and Ehrhart theory. If $R$ is standard graded, we prove that, under the additional hypothesis that $R$ is Koszul or has an irreducible $h$-polynomial, Hilbert-cyclotomic algebras coincide with complete intersections. In the Koszul case, this is a consequence of some classical results about the vanishing of deviations of a graded algebra.
Suppose that $M$ is a finitely-generated graded module of codimension $c\geq 3$ over a polynomial ring and that the regularity of $M$ is at most $2a-2$ where $a\geq 2$ is the minimal degree of a first syzygy of $M$. Then we show that the sum of the betti numbers of $M$ is at least $β_0(M)(2^c + 2^{c-1})$. In addition, if $c \geq 9$ then for each $1\leq i\leq \lceil c/2\rceil$, we show $β_i(M)\geq 2β_0(M){c \choose i}$.
Set $ A := Q/({\bf z}) $, where $ Q $ is a polynomial ring over a field, and $ {\bf z} = z_1,\ldots,z_c $ is a homogeneous $ Q $-regular sequence. Let $ M $ and $ N $ be finitely generated graded $ A $-modules, and $ I $ be a homogeneous ideal of $ A $. We show that (1) $ \mathrm{reg}\left( \mathrm{Ext}_A^{i}(M, I^nN) \right) \le ρ_N(I) \cdot n - f \cdot \left\lfloor \frac{i}{2} \right\rfloor + b \mbox{ for all } i, n \ge 0 $, (2) $ \mathrm{reg}\left( \mathrm{Ext}_A^{i}(M,N/I^nN) \right) \le ρ_N(I) \cdot n - f \cdot \left\lfloor \frac{i}{2} \right\rfloor + b' \mbox{ for all } i, n \ge 0 $, whe…
We prove that, if $A$ is a positively graded, graded commutative, local, finite Hopf algebra, its cohomology is finitely generated, thus unifying classical results of Wilkerson and Hopkins-Smith, and of Friedlander-Suslin. We do this by showing the existence of conormal elementary quotients.
The Hilbert functions and the regularity of the graded components of local cohomology of a bigraded algebra are considered. Explicit bounds for these invariants are obtained for bigraded hypersurface rings.
Let S be a standard N^k-graded polynomial ring over a field. Let I be a multigraded homogeneous ideal in S and let M be a finitely generated Z^k-graded S-module. We prove that the resolution regularity, a multigraded variant of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, of I^nM is asymptotically a linear function. This shows that the well known Z-graded phenomenon carries to multigraded situation.
In this paper we show that the sets of $F$-jumping coefficients of ideals form discrete sets in certain graded $F$-finite rings. We do so by giving a criterion based on linear bounds for the growth of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of certain ideals. We further show that these linear bounds exists for one-dimensional rings and for ideals of (most) two-dimensional domains. We conclude by applying our technique to prove that all sets of $F$-jumping coefficients of all ideals in the determinantal ring given as the quotient by $2\times 2$ minors in a $2\times 3$ matrix of indeterminates form d…
Let $A$ be a Noetherian standard $\mathbb{N}$-graded algebra over an Artinian local ring $A_0$. Let $I_1,\ldots,I_t$ be homogeneous ideals of $A$ and $M$ a finitely generated $\mathbb{N}$-graded $A$-module. We prove that there exist two integers $k$ and $k'$ such that \[ \mathrm{reg}(I_1^{n_1} \cdots I_t^{n_t} M) \leq (n_1 + \cdots + n_t) k + k' \quad\mbox{for all }~n_1,\ldots,n_t \in \mathbb{N}. \]
Let S=K[x_1,..., x_n], let A,B be finitely generated graded S-modules, and let m=(x_1,...,x_n). We give bounds for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the local cohomology of Tor_i(A,B) under the assumption that the Krull dimension of Tor_1(A,B) is at most 1. We apply the results to syzygies, Groebner bases, products and powers of ideals, and to the relationship of the Rees and Symmetric algebras. For example we show that any homogeneous linearly presented m-primary ideal has some power equal to a power of m; and if the first (roughly) (n-1)/2 steps of the resolution of I are linear, then I^…
Given a finitely generated module $M$ over a commutative local ring (or a standard graded $k$-algebra) $(R,\m,k) $ we detect its complexity in terms of numerical invariants coming from suitable $\m$-stable filtrations $\mathbb{M}$ on $M$. We study the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of $gr_{\mathbb{M}}(M) $ and the linearity defect of $M,$ denoted $\ld_R(M),$ through a deep investigation based on the theory of standard bases. If $M$ is a graded $R$-module, then $\reg_R(gr_{\mathbb{M}}(M)) <\infty$ implies $\reg_R(M)<\infty$ and the converse holds provided $M$ is of homogenous type. An analogous…
Let $R$ be a standard graded algebra over a field $k$. We prove an Auslander-Buchsbaum formula for the absolute Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, extending important cases of previous works of Chardin and Römer. For a bounded complex of finitely generated graded $R$-modules $L$, we prove the equality $\text{reg}~ L=\max_{i\in \mathbb Z} \{\text{reg}~ H_i(L)-i\}$ given the condition $\text{depth}~ H_i(L)\ge \dim H_{i+1}(L)-1$ for all $i<\sup L$. As applications, we recover previous bounds on regularity of Tor due to Caviglia, Eisenbud-Huneke-Ulrich, among others. We also obtain strengthened resul…
We develop a local cohomology theory for FI$^m$-modules, and show that it in many ways mimics the classical theory for multi-graded modules over a polynomial ring. In particular, we define an invariant of FI$^m$-modules using this local cohomology theory which closely resembles an invariant of multi-graded modules over Cox rings defined by Maclagan and Smith. It is then shown that this invariant behaves almost identically to the invariant of Maclagan and Smith.
When M is a finitely generated graded module over a standard graded algebra S and I is an ideal of S, it is known from work of Cutkosky, Herzog, Kodiyalam, Römer, Trung and Wang that the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of I^mM has the form dm+e when m >> 0. We give an explicit bound on the m$for which this is true, under the hypotheses that I is generated in a single degree and M/IM has finite length, and we explore the phenomena that occur when these hypotheses are not satisfied. Finally, we prove a regularity bound for a reduced, equidimensional projective scheme of codimension 2 that is simi…
The asymptotic stability of several homological invariants of the graded pieces of a graded module has attracted quite a lot of attention over the last decades. We provide in this text several stability results together with estimates of the degree from which it stabilizes. Before we establish these regularity results, we prove several facts about depth and cohomological dimension with respect to a finitely generated ideal and about Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a graded module.
We develop a multigraded variant of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. Motivated by toric geometry, we work with modules over a polynomial ring graded by a finitely generated abelian group. As in the standard graded case, our definition of multigraded regularity involves the vanishing of graded components of local cohomology. We establish the key properties of regularity: its connection with the minimal generators of a module and its behavior in exact sequences. For an ideal sheaf on a simplicial toric variety X, we prove that its multigraded regularity bounds the equations that cut out the assoc…
In this paper, we give a formula to compute all the top degree graded Betti numbers of the path ideals of a cycle. As a consequence we can give a formula to compute its projective dimension and regularity.
In this article we extend a previous definition of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity for modules over an algebra graded by a finitely generated abelian group. Our notion of regularity is based on Maclagan and Smith's definition, and is extended first by working over any commutative base ring, and second by considering local cohomology with support in an arbitrary finitely generated graded ideal $B$, obtaining, for each $B$, a $B$-regularity region. The first extension provides a natural approach for working with families of sheaves or of graded modules, while the second opens new applications. We…
In this article we mainly consider the positively Z-graded polynomial ring R=F[X,Y] over an arbitrary field F and Hilbert series of finitely generated graded R-modules. The central result is an arithmetic criterion for such a series to be the Hilbert series of some R-module of positive depth. In the generic case, that is, the degrees of X and Y being coprime, this criterion can be formulated in terms of the numerical semigroup generated by those degrees.
Let $R$ be a standard graded algebra over an $F$-finite field of characteristic $p > 0$. Let $ϕ:R\to R$ be the Frobenius endomorphism. For each finitely generated graded $R$-module $M$, let ${}^ϕ\!M$ be the abelian group $M$ with the $R$-module structure induced by the Frobenius endomorphism. The $R$-module ${}^ϕ\!M$ has a natural grading given by $\text{deg} x=j$ if $x\in M_{jp+i}$ for some $0\le i \le p-1$. In this paper, we prove that $R$ is Koszul if and only if there exists a non-zero finitely generated graded $R$-module $M$ such that $\text{reg}_R\,{}^ϕ\!M <\infty$. This result supplies …
Let $S$ be a positively graded polynomial ring over a field of characteristic 0, and $I\subset S$ a proper graded ideal. In this note it is shown that $S/I$ is Golod if $\partial(I)^2\subset I$. Here $\partial(I)$ denotes the ideal generated by all the partial derivatives of elements of $I$. We apply this result to find large classes of Golod ideals, including powers, symbolic powers, and saturations of ideals.
We focus in this paper on edge ideals associated to bipartite graphs and give a combinatorial characterization of those having regularity 3. When the regularity is strictly bigger than 3, we determine the first step $i$ in the minimal graded free resolution where there exists a minimal generator of degree $>i+3$, show that at this step the highest degree of a minimal generator is $i+4$, and determine the value of the corresponding graded Betti number $β_{i,i+4}$ in terms of the combinatorics of the associated bipartite graph. The results can then be easily extended to the non-squarefree case t…
In this paper, we consider $\mathbb{Z}^{r}-$graded modules on the $\mathrm{Cl}(X)$ $-$graded Cox ring $\mathbb{C}[x_{1},\dotsc,x_{r}]$ of a smooth complete toric variety $X$. Using the theory of Klyachko filtrations in the reflexive case, we construct a collection of lattice polytopes codifying the multigraded Hilbert function of the module. We apply this approach to reflexive $\mathbb{Z}^{s+r+2}$-graded modules over non-standard bigraded polynomial rings $\mathbb{C}[x_{0},\dotsc,x_{s},y_{0},\dotsc,y_{r}]$. In this case, we give sharp bounds for the multigraded regularity index of their multig…
Let S = k[x_1,...,x_n] be a Z^r-graded ring with deg (x_i) = a_i \in Z^r for each i and suppose that M is a finitely generated Z^r-graded S-module. In this paper we describe how to find finite subsets of Z^r containing the multidegrees of the minimal multigraded syzygies of M. To find such a set, we first coarsen the grading of M so that we can view M as a Z-graded S-module. We use a generalized notion of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity, which was introduced by D. Maclagan and G. Smith, to associate to M a number which we call the regularity number of M. The minimal degrees of the multigraded m…
Bounds for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of Ext modules, over a polynomial ring over a field, are given in terms of the initial degrees, Castelnuovo-Mumford regularities and number of generators of the two graded modules involved. These general bounds are refined in the case the second module is the ring. Other estimates, for instance on the size of graded pieces of these modules, are given. We also derive a bound on the homological degree in terms of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. This answers positively a question raised by Vasconcelos.
Let $R=\oplus_{i\in \N_0}R_n$ be a standard graded ring, $R_+ :=\oplus_{i\in \N}R_n$ be the irrelevant ideal of $R$ and $\fa_0$ be an ideal of $R_0$. In this paper, as a generalization of the concept of Castelnouvo-Mumford regularity $\reg(M)$ of a finitely generated graded $R$-module $M$, we define the regularity of $M$ with respect to $\fa_0+ R_+$, say $\reg_{\fa_0+ R_+}(M)$. And we study some relations of this new invariant with the classic one. To this end, we need to consider the cohomological dimension of some finitely generated $R_0$-modules. Also, we will express $\reg_{\fa_0+ R_+}(M)$…
Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity and any extended degree function can be thought of as complexity measures for the structure of finitely generated graded modules. A recent result of Doering, Gunston, Vasconcelos shows that both can be compared in case of a graded algebra. We extend this result to modules and analyze when the estimate is in fact an equality. A complete classification is obtained if we choose as extended degree the homological or the smallest extended degree. The corresponding algebras are characterized in three ways: by relations among the algebra generators, by using generic ini…
We give a variant of the homogeneous Buchberger algorithm for positively graded lattice ideals. Using this algorithm we solve the Sullivant computational commutative algebra challenge.
Let $R=k[x_1,\dots,x_n]/I$ be a standard graded $k$-algebra where $k$ is a field of prime characteristic and let $J$ be a homogeneous ideal in $R$. Denote $(x_1,\dots,x_n)$ by $\mathfrak{m}$. We prove that there is a constant $C$ (independent of $e$) such that the regularity of $H^s_{\mathfrak{m}}(R/J^{[p^e]})$ is bounded above by $Cp^e$ for all $e\geq 1$ and all integers $s$ such that $s+1$ is at least the dimension of the locus where $R/J$ doesn't have finite projective dimension.
This note has two goals. The first is to give a short and self contained introduction to the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity for standard graded ring $R$ over a general base ring. The second is to present a simple and concise proof of a classical result due to Cutkosky, Herzog and Trung and, independently, to Kodiyalam asserting that the regularity of powers of an homogeneous ideal $I$ of $R$ is eventually a linear function in $v$. Finally we show how the flexibility of the definition of the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity over general base rings can be used to give a simple characterization of …
