English: We continue the study of G. Castelnuovo on the group of birational transformation of the complex plane that fix each point of a curve of genus >1; we use adjoint linear system of the curve as Castelnuovo does.
We prove that these groups are abelian, and that these are either finite, of order 2 or 3, or conjuguate to a subgroup of the de Jonquières group. We show also that these results do not generalise to curves of genus <=1.
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French: Nous poursuivons l'étude faite par G. Castelnuovo en 1892 au sujet du groupe des transformations birationnelles du plan complexe qui fixent points par points une courbe de genre >1; nous nous servons comme lui des systèmes linéaires adjoints de la courbe fixe.
Nous démontrons que ces groupes sont abéliens, et qu'ils sont soit finis, d'ordre 2 ou 3, soit conjugués à un sous-groupe du groupe de de Jonquières. Nous montrons également que ces résultats ne se généralisent pas aux courbes de genre <=1.
In this article we answer a question of D. Markushevich and prove the irreducibility of the scheme of morphisms from an elliptic curve to the spinor tenfold.
We give some properties (cancellation, representability, stratification) of the sheaf R^i f_* G for an affine relative curve f:U -> S admitting a smooth compactification and G a solvable group.
We report on recent results concerning the construction of curves on K3 surfaces: the proof of the Tate conjecture for K3 surfaces in odd characteristic (after Maulik, Charles and Madapusi Pera), and the construction of infinitely many rational curves on many K3 surfaces (after Bogomolov-Hassett-Tschinkel and Li-Liedtke).
We give sufficient conditions for the (semi-)stability of torsion free sheaves on a primitive multiple curve. These conditions are used to prove that some moduli spaces of stable sheaves are not empty. We study mainly the quasi locally free sheaves of generic type (this includes the locally free sheaves). These sheaves are generic, i.e. for every moduli space of torsion free sheaves, the sheaves of this type correspond to an open subset of the moduli space.
In this article we study genus 5 curves with a fixed point free involution. We give two geometrical caracterisations of these curves amoung all genus 5 curves. One of these was conjectured by Arbarello, Cornalba, Griffiths and Harris in their book on curves. The second one is given by some particular embeddings corresponding to the points of the Prym variety associated to the situation.
We show that the arithmetic D-module associated to an overconvergent F-isocrystal over a smooth curve is holonomic. We first prove that unipotent F-isocrystals are holonomic D-module by using the fact that such F-isocrystals come from logarithmic F-isocrystals. We deduce the general case from the semi-stable theorem for F-isocrystals over curves of Matsuda-Trihan which relies on the p-adic monodromy theorem independently proved by André, Kedlaya and Mebkhout. The main result has already been proved by D. Caro.
Multiple primitive curves have been defined and studied by A. Banica and O. Forster. We introduce new invariants for coherent sheaves on these curves and define quasi locally free sheaves, which play the same role as locally free sheaves on smooth varieties. A more detailed study of torsion free sheaves is given for primitive curves of multiplicity 2.
Dans cette note on decrit le champ des courbes hyperelliptiques lisses defines sur un corps algebriquement clos de caracteristique deux comme un champ quotient. On en deduit le groupe de Picard. ----- In this note we describe the stack ${\cal H}_g$ of smooth hyperelliptic curves of genus $g$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic two, as a quotient stack of a smooth variety of dimension $3g+5$ by a non reductive algebraic group, extending a well known result of Vistoli. As an application, we show the Mumford-Vistoli description of the Picard group of the stack ${\cal H}_g$ is val…
In this article the étale cohomology of constructible torsion sheaves on the étale site of the algebraic resp. adic Fargues-Fontaine curve is analyzed. In the $\ell\neq p$-torsion case, two conjectures of Fargues are verified: vanishing in degrees greater than two and the comparison between the étale cohomology of the adic and the algebraic curve. In the $p$-torsion case, under a certain assumption, the vanishing of the étale cohomology in degrees greater than two of those Zariski-constructible sheaves on the adic curve that come via pullback from the algebraic curve is proven.
Resume Soit SU_C(r) l'espace des modules des fibrés vectoriels semi-stables de déterminant trivial sur une courbe lisse $C$ de genre $g \geq 2$ sur $\mathbb{C}$. On étudie dans cet article, un exemple de fibré introduit par Raynaud dans ~\cite{R}, ne possédant pas de diviseur thêta. On construit ensuite des extensions stables de ce fibré ce qui conduit à une majoration de la codimension du lieu de base du fibré déterminant sur $\mathcal{SU}_{C}(r)$. Abstract Let $\mathcal{SU}_{C}(r)$ be the moduli space of semi stable bundles with trivial determinant on a smooth curve $C$ of genus $g\geq 2$ on…
A primitive multiple curve is a Cohen-Macaulay scheme Y over the field of complex numbers such that the reduced scheme C=Y_red is a smooth curve, and that Y can be locally embedded in a smooth surface. In general such a curve Y cannot be globally embedded in a smooth surface. If Y is a primitive multiple curve of multiplicity n, then there is a canonical filtration of Y C=C_1 ... C_n=Y such that C_i is a primitive multiple curve of multiplicity i. The ideal sheaf I_C of C in Y is a line bundle on C_{n-1}. Let T be a smooth curve and t_0 a closed point of T. Let D-->T be a flat family of projec…
this paper is devoted to the study of curves of genus 3 with group of automorphisms the symmetric group S3, principally over finite fields, in view to obtain optimal curves. For instance, we prove that, over the finite fields of char. 3, for any elliptic curve E with j-invariant not in F_3, there exists a curve of genus 3 whose jacobian is isogeneous to E^3; we have also results in char. 7, and these curves provide many examples of optimal curves in any char. Nous etudions les courbes de genre 3 dont le groupe d'automorphismes est S3, en vue d'obtenir des courbes optimales sur les corps finis.…
We prove a version of Manin's conjecture for the projective plane blown up in three collinear points, the base field being a global field of positive characteristic.
In this thesis we have proved a conjecture about the moduli space SU_X(3) of semi-stable rank 3 vector bundles with trivial determinant on a genus 2 curve X, due to I. Dolgachev. Given X a smooth projective curve of genus 2, and the embedding of the jacobian JX into |3Θ|, A. Coble proved, at the begining of XX century, that there exists a unique cubic hypersurface C in |3Θ|* \simeq P^8, JX[3]-invariant and singular along JX. On the other hand, we have a map of degree 2 from SU_X(3) over |3Θ|, ramified along a sextic hypersurface B. The Dolgachev's conjecture affirms that the sextic B is the du…
Soit $H_{d,g}$ le schéma de Hilbert des courbes lisses et connexes de degré $d$ et genre $g$ de l'espace projectif ${\bf P}^3$ sur un corps $k$ algébriquement clos de caractéristique nulle. Le but principal de cet article est d'exhiber des composantes irréductibles et non réduites de $H_{d,g}$ dont l'élément général correspond à une courbe tracée sur une surface quartique à droite double.
We consider the cohomology of local systems on the moduli space of curves of genus 2 and the moduli space of abelian surfaces. We give an explicit formula for the Eisenstein cohomology and a conjectural formula for the endoscopic contribution. We show how counting curves over finite fields provides us with detailed information about Siegel modular forms.
Let X be a surface whose Cox ring has a single relation satisfying moreover a kind of linearity property. Under a simple assumption, we show that the geometric Manin's conjectures hold for some degrees lying in the dual of the effective cone of X (in particular, for those degrees the moduli space of morphisms has the expected dimension). The result applies to a class of generalized del Pezzo surfaces which has been intensively studied in the context of the arithmetic Manin's conjecture.
In this paper we give a detailed proof of a result we announced a year ago. This result is an effective version of the theorem of Mazur-Kamienny-Merel concerning uniform bounds for rational torsion points on elliptic curves over number fields.
Let K be the function field of a curve over the complex field. Let X be a homogeneous space of a semisimple linear algebraic group. Strong approximation holds for X outside any finite nonempty set of places of K. Strong approximation fails for tori over K.
Cycle caractéristique sur une puissance symétrique d'une courbe et déterminant de la cohomologie étale
Institut de mathématiques de Jussieu—Paris rive gauche (IMJ-PRG), CNRS（朱西厄—左岸数学研究所（IMJ-PRG），法国国家科学研究中心）；Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Laboratoire de mathématiques d’Orsay（巴黎萨克雷大学，法国国家科学研究中心，奥赛数学实验室）
本文基于Beilinson和Saito发展的形式主义，计算了 tame 上同调sheaf 的对称幂的特征循环，推广了Laumon在特征0上的结果，并导致Deligne关于Abel-Jacobi映射局部空虚性的结论。
We prove that the arithmetic fundamental group of X admits no section over the absolute Galois group of Q when X is the Schinzel curve, thereby confirming in this example the prediction given by Grothendieck's section conjecture. ----- Nous démontrons que le groupe fondamental arithmétique de X n'admet pas de section au-dessus du groupe de Galois absolu de Q lorsque X est la courbe de Schinzel, confirmant ainsi sur cet exemple la prédiction donnée par la conjecture des sections de Grothendieck.
In this article we prove the irreducibility of the Hilbert scheme of rationnal curves on homogeneous varieties with fixed class in the Chow ring. This result has also been proved by J. F. Thomsen [T] and B. Kim and R. Pandharipande [KP]. Our method is totaly different (we don't use the compactification of stable maps) and enables us to prove the existence of rational smooth curves on homogeneous varities with fixed class in the Chow ring. This was not the case of Thomsen's and Kim and Pandharipande's proofs. We use a decomposition of G/P in orbits (called the P'-orbits, see definition) which a…
Soit l un entier et E_{c,l} la famille de Kubert des courbes elliptiques definies sur Q munies d'un point rationnel A d'ordre l. On note F_{c,l} la courbe elliptique quotient de E_{c,l} par le groupe engendre' par A, et f_l l'isogenie de E_{c,l} sur F_{c,l}. Pour l = 3, 4, 5 et 6, nous construisons explicitement, pour des parametrisations convenables de c, des elements non-triviaux de F_{c,l}(Q) / (f_l(E_{c,l}(Q))), autrement dit, des points explicites de F_{c,l}(Q) qui ne sont l'image par f_l d'aucun element de E_{c,l}(Q). Ces points sont en general d'ordre infini. Nous donnons des applicatio…
We give a new definition, simpler but equivalent, of the abelian category of Banach-Colmez spaces introduced by Colmez, and we explain the precise relationship with the category of coherent sheaves on the Fargues-Fontaine curve. One goes from one category to the other by changing the t-structure on the derived category. Along the way, we obtain a description of the pro-étale cohomology of the open disk and the affine space, of independent interest.
Let $k$ be a non-archimedean complete valued field and let X be a smooth Berkovich analytic $k$-curve. Let $F$ be a finite locally constant étale sheaf on $k$ whose torsion is prime to the residue characteristic. We denote by $|X|$ the underlying topological space and by $π$ the canonical map from the étale site to $|X|$. In this text we define a triangulation of $X$, we show that it always exists and use it to compute $H^{0}(|X|,R^{q}π\_{*}F)$ and $H^{1}(|X|,R^{q}π\_{*}F)$. If $X$ is the analytification of an algebraic curve we give sufficient conditions so that those groups are isomorphic to…
This paper is devoted to the study of some coherent sheaves on non reduced curves that can be locally embedded in smooth surfaces. If Y is such a curve then there is a filtration by subschemes C_i such that C_1 is the reduced curve associated to Y, and that for every P in C, if z is an equation of C_1 in the local ring of Y at P, then (z^i) is the ideal of C_i. A coherent sheaf on Y is called torsion free if it does not have any non zero subsheaf with finite support. We prove that torsion free sheaves are reflexive. We study then the quasi locally free sheaves, i.e. sheaves which are locally i…
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over a number field, fibered over a curve, with geometrically integral fibers. We prove that, supposing the finiteness of $\sha(Jac(C))$, if the fibers over a generalised Hilbertian subset satisfy the Hasse principle (resp. weak approximation), then the Brauer-Manin obstruction coming from the base curve is the only obstruction to the Hasse principle (resp. to weak approximation) for zero-cycles of degree 1 on $X$.
Let $k$ be a higher-dimensional local field and $X$ be a smooth projective geometrically integral curve over $k$. Let $K$ be the function field of $X$. We define Tate-Shafarevich groups of an abelian variety via cohomology classes locally trivial at each completion of $K$ coming from a closed point of $X$. We prove local duality theorems for abelian varieties over $k$, as well as global duality theorems for Tate-Shafarevich groups of abelian varieties over $K$. Soient $k$ un corps local supérieur et $X$ une courbe projective lisse géométriquement intègre de corps de fonctions $K$. On définit l…
Let X be a smooth projective algebraic curve of genus g minus $r\geq 1$ points defined over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic $p\geq 0$. The structure of the largest prime to p quotient of the étale fundamental group is well known by transcendental methods : it is isomorphic to the largest prime to p quotient of a free pro-finite group on 2g+r-1 generators. We show that, with purely algebraic means, we can prove the corresponding result for the largest pro-solvable quotient of these groups.
This is an update of the first version. We clarify that the main results apply to more general smooth projective varieties X than products of elliptic curves (briefly: X is of "abelian type", e.g. an abelian variety or a product of curves, and the Tate conjecture holds). We also deduce the Gersten conjecture for dvrs whose residue field is the function field of such an X. In an appendix, we construct some functoriality for etale motivic cohomology. Finally, some errors which were in Section 5 of the first version are corrected.
We study the asymptotical behaviour of the moduli space of morphisms of given anticanonical degree from a rational curve to a split toric variety, when the degree goes to infinity. We obtain in this case a geometric analogue of Manin's conjecture about rational points of bounded height on varieties defined over a global field. The study is led through a generating series whose coefficients lie in a Grothendieck ring of motives, the motivic height zeta function. In order to establish convergence properties of this function, we use a notion of eulerian motivic product. It relies on a constructio…
Let X be a smooth and proper variety over a number field k. Conjectures on the image of the Chow group of zero-cycles of X in the product of the corresponding groups over all completions of k were put forward by Colliot-Thélène, Kato and Saito. We prove these conjectures for the total space of fibrations, over curves with finite Tate-Shafarevich group, into rationally connected varieties which satisfy weak approximation, under an abelianness assumption on the singular fibers. ---- Soit X une variété propre et lisse sur un corps de nombres k. Des conjectures sur l'image du groupe de Chow des zé…
Let X a proper smooth curve over the field of complex numbers. Localization of the Heisenberg algebra gives the algebra of global sections of the ring of differential operators on the Jacobian J of X. It seems natural to ask for same kind of relations over a characteristic p > 0 field replacing the Heisenberg algebra by its entire form. We propose a conjecture about the constuction of an arrow between the two objects when X is an elliptic curve.
Let V be an even dimensional vector space with a non degenerate quadratic form. We denote by X the variety of maximal isotropic subspaces in V (in fact one of its two connected components). In this paper, we prove the irreducibility of the scheme of degree d morphism f:C->X as soon as d is bigger than 1/2dim(V)-1. When dim(V)=10 and d=6, this result was used by A. Iliev and D. Markushevich in math.AG/0403122 to prove the irreducibility of the moduli space M_{X_12}(2,1,6) where X_{12} is the Fano threefold of index 1 and degree 12.
Given integers r>1, n>1 and q> n-2, we consider projective varieties X of dimension r+1 such that through n generic points of X passes a rational curve of degree q, contained in X. More precisely, we study the class X_{r+1,n}(q) of such varieties which moreover generate a projective space of the maximal dimension. We determine all varieties of a class X_{r+1,n}(q) when q is not equal to 2n-3. In particuliar, we show that there exists a variety X' in P^{r+n-1}, of minimal degree and a birational map F: X'---> X which sends a generic section of X' by a P^{n-1} onto a rational normal curve of deg…
The behaviour of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity under ``geometric'' transformations is not well understood. In this paper we are concerned with examples which will shed some light on certain questions concerning this behaviour.
We investigate a strong version of the integral Tate conjecture for 1-cycles on the product of a curve and a surface over a finite field, under the assumption that the surface is geometrically $CH_0$-trivial. By this we mean that over any algebraically closed field extension, the degree map on the zero-dimensional Chow group of the surface is an isomorphism. This applies to Enriques surfaces. When the Néron-Severi group has no torsion, we recover earlier results of A. Pirutka. The results rely on a detailed study of the third unramified cohomology group of specific products of varieties.
Let $X_{1}$ be a projective, smooth and geometrically connected curve over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ with $q=p^{n}$ elements where $p$ is a prime number, and let $X$ be its base change to an algebraic closure of $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. We give a formula for the number of irreducible $\ell$-adic local systems ($\ell\neq p$) with a fixed rank over $X$ fixed by the Frobenius endomorphism. We prove that this number behaves like a Lefschetz fixed point formula for a variety over $\mathbb{F}_q$, which generalises a result of Drinfeld in rank $2$ and proves a conjecture of Deligne. To do this, we pass to the automo…
Let $W\subset \mathbb{P}^{13}$ be the image of the rational map defined by the linear system of the sextic surfaces of $\mathbb{P}^3$ having double points along the edges of a tetrahedron. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the linear system of the hyperplane sections of $W$. It is known that a general $S\in \mathcal{L}$ is an Enriques surface. The aim of this paper is to study the sublinear system $\mathcal{L}_{\bullet}\subset \mathcal{L}$ of the hyperplane sections of $W$ having a triple point at a general point $w \in W$. We will show that a general element of $\mathcal{L}_{\bullet}$ is birational to an …
Fix integers $r,d,s,π$ with $r\geq 4$, $d\gg s$, $r-1\leq s \leq 2r-4$, and $π\geq 0$. Refining classical results for the genus of a projective curve, we exhibit a sharp upper bound for the arithmetic genus $p_a(C)$ of an integral projective curve $C\subset {\mathbb{P}^r}$ of degree $d$, assuming that $C$ is not contained in any surface of degree $<s$, and not contained in any surface of degree $s$ with sectional genus $> π$. Next we discuss other types of bound for $p_a(C)$, involving conditions on the entire Hilbert polynomial of the integral surfaces on which $C$ may lie.
Let E/K be an elliptic curve with complex multiplication and let $K^{ab}$ be the Abelian closure of $K$. We prove in this article that there exists a constant $c(E/K)$ such that : for all point $P\in E(\bar{K})-E_{tors}$, we have \[\hat{h}(P)\geq\frac{c(E/K)}{D}(\frac{\log \log 5D}{\log 2D})^{13},\] where $D=[K^{ab}(P):K^{ab}]$. This result extends to the case of elliptic curve s with complex multiplication the previous resultof Amoroso-Zannier \cite{AZ} on the analogous problem on the multiplicative group $\mathbb{G}_m$, and generalizes to the case of extensions of degree D the result of Bake…
In this paper we prove a theorem stated by Castelnuovo which bounds the dimension of linear systems of plane curves in terms of two invariants, one of which is the genus of the curves in the system. Then we classify linear systems whose dimension belongs to certain intervals which naturally arise from Castelnuovo's theorem. Finally we make an application to the following moduli problem: what is the maximum number of moduli of curves of geometric genus $g$ varying in a linear system on a surface? It turns out that, for $g\ge 22$, the answer is $2g+1$, and it is attained by trigonal canonical cu…
Nous calculons le groupe de Picard de l'espace des modules $Θ_{\planp}(d)$ des thêta-caractéristiques des courbes planes (non forcément lisses) de degré $d$. Nous montrons que pour $d\ge 6$, le groupe de Picard de la composante paire est engendré par le fibré déterminant ${\cal{D}}$ et l'image réciproque ${\cal{L}}$, sous le morphisme support schématique, de ${\cal{O}}_{\proj}(1)$ où $\proj$ est l'espace des courbes de degré $d$ sur $\planp$. Pour $1\le d \le 4$, ce groupe est engendré uniquement par ${\cal{L}}$, le fibré déterminant étant trivial dans ces cas. Dans le groupe $\Cl$ des diviseu…
This research monograph focuses on the arithmetic, over number fields, of surfaces fibred into curves of genus 1 over the projective line, and of intersections of two quadrics in projective space. The first half takes up and develops further the technique initiated by Swinnerton-Dyer in 1993, and later generalised by Colliot-Thélène, Skorobogatov and Swinnerton-Dyer, for studying rational points on pencils of curves of genus 1. The second half, which builds upon the first, is devoted to quartic del Pezzo surfaces and to higher-dimensional intersections of two quadrics. Conditionally on two wel…
The primitive curves are the multiple curves that can be locally embedded in smooth surfaces (we will always suppose that the associated reduced curves are smooth). These curves have been defined and studied by C. Banica and O.Forster in 1984. In 1995, D. Bayer and D. Eisenbud gave a complete description of the double curves. We give here a parametrization of primitive curves of arbitrary multiplicity. Let Z_n=spec(\C[t]/(t^n)). The curves of multiplicity n are obtained by taking an open cover (U_i) of a smooth curve C and by glueing schemes of type U_i X Z_n using automorphisms of U_{ij} X Z_…
Pour $K$ un corps global (corps de nombres ou corps de fonctions d'une variable sur un corps fini $F$), on dispose de théorèmes de dualité classiques (Tate, Poitou, Nakayama) pour la cohomologie galoisienne à valeurs dans des tores et des modules abéliens finis. Nous établissons de tels théorèmes pour $K$ le corps des fonctions d'une courbe projective et lisse sur le corps $F={\bf C}((t))$ des séries formelles en une variable sur le corps des complexes. Cela permet de contrôler le défaut du principe de Hasse et l'approximation faible pour les espaces homogènes sous un tore. Il y a ici des diff…
Topologically, a compact Riemann surface $X$ of genus $g$ is a $g$-holed torus (a sphere with $g$ handles). This paper is an introduction to the theory of compact Riemann surfaces and algebraic curves. It presents the basic ideas and properties as an expository essay, explores some of their numerous consequences and gives a concise account of the elementary aspects of different viewpoints in curve theory. We discuss and prove most intuitively some geometric-topological aspects of the algebraic functions and the associated Riemann surfaces. Abelian and normalized differentials, Riemann's biline…
This thesis deals with the algorithmic representation of constructible sheaves of abelian groups on the étale site of a variety over an algebraically closed field, as well as the explicit computation of their cohomology. We describe three representations of such sheaves on curves with at worst nodal singularities, as well as algorithms performing various operations (kernels and cokernels of morphisms, pullback and pushforward, internal Hom and tensor product) on these sheaves. We present an algorithm computing the cohomology complex of a locally constant constructible sheaf on a smooth or noda…
We study projective surfaces $X \subset \mathbb{P}^r$ (with $r \geq 5$) of maximal sectional regularity and degree $d > r$, hence surfaces for which the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity $\reg(C)$ of a general hyperplane section curve $C = X \cap \mathbb{P}^{r-1}$ takes the maximally possible value $d-r+3$. We show that each of these surfaces is either a cone over a curve $C \subset \mathbb{P}^{r-1}$ of maximal regularity or else a birational outer linear projection of a smooth rational surface scroll $\widetilde{X} \subset \mathbb{P}^{d+1}$. We prove that the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of th…
By means of an {\it ad hoc} modification of the so-called ``Castelnuovo-Harris analysis" we derive an upper bound for the genus of integral curves on the three dimensional nonsingular quadric which lie on an integral surface of degree $2k$, as a function of $k$ and the degree $d$ of the curve. In order to obtain this we revisit the Uniform Position Principle to make its use computation-free. The curves which achieve this bound can be conveniently characterized. Keywords: Castelnuovo-Harris Bound, Uniform Position Principle, Low Codimension, Linkage
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field. We show using Kahn's and Sujatha's theory of birational motives that a Chow motive over $k$ whose Chow groups are all representable belongs to the full and thick subcategory of motives generated by the twisted motives of curves. -- Motifs purs dont les groupes de Chow sont représentables. Soit $k$ un corps algébriquement clos. Nous prouvons, en nous servant de la théorie des motifs birationnels développée par Kahn et Sujatha, qu'un motif de Chow défini sur $k$ dont les groupes de Chow sont tous représentables appartient à la sous-catégorie pleine et ép…
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over a finite field $\F$. We discuss the unramified cohomology group $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$. Several conjectures put together imply that this group is finite. For certain classes of threefolds, $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$ actually vanishes. It is an open question whether this holds true for arbitrary threefolds. For a threefold $X$ equipped with a fibration onto a curve $C$, the generic fibre of which is a smooth projective surface $V$ over the global field $\F(C)$, the vanishing of $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$ together with the Tate conjecture for divisors on $X$ impl…
