Andrei Moroianu, Paul-Andi Nagy, Uwe Semmelmann
We study the space of nearly Kähler structures on compact 6-dimensional manifolds. In particular, we prove that the space of infinitesimal deformations of a strictly nearly Kähler structure (with scalar curvature scal) modulo the group of diffeomorphisms, is isomorphic to the space of primitive co-closed (1,1)-eigenforms of the Laplace operator for the eigenvalue 2scal/5.
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The aim of the paper is to investigate the rigidity and the deformability of pseudoholomorphic curves in the nearly K{ä}hler sphere $\mathbb{S}^6,$ among minimal surfaces in spheres. Under various assumptions we describe the moduli space of all noncongruent minimal surfaces $f\colon M\to\mathbb{S}^n$ that are isometric to a pseudoholomorphic curve in $\mathbb{S}^6.$ Moreover, we prove a Schur type theorem (see \cite[p. 36]{Chnew}) for minimal surfaces in spheres.
Almost contact structures can be identified with sections of a twistor bundle and this allows to define their harmonicity, as sections or maps. We consider the class of nearly cosymplectic almost contact structures on a Riemannian manifold and prove curvature identities which imply the harmonicity of their parametrizing section, thus complementing earlier results on nearly-K{ä}hler almost complex structures.
We study hypersurfaces in a nearly $\mathrm{G}_2$ manifold. We define various quantities associated to such a hypersurface using the $\mathrm{G}_2$ structure of the ambient manifold and prove several relationships between them. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a hypersurface with an almost complex structure induced from the $\mathrm{G}_2$ structure of the ambient manifold, to be nearly K$\ddot{\text{a}}$hler. Then using the nearly $\mathrm{G}_2$ structure on the round sphere $S^7$, we prove that for a compact minimal hypersurface $M^6$ of constant scalar curvatur…
We study nearly-Kahler 6-manifolds equipped with a cohomogeneity-two Lie group action for which the principal orbits are coisotropic. If the metric is complete, then we show that this last condition is automatically satisfied, and both the acting Lie group and the principal orbits are finite quotients of $S^3 \times S^1$. We partition the class of such nearly-Ka}hler structures into three types (called I, II, III) and prove a local existence and generality result for each type. Metrics of Types I and II are shown to be incomplete. We also derive a quasilinear elliptic PDE system on the 2-dimen…
Nearly Kähler manifolds are the Riemannian 6-manifolds admitting real Killing spinors. Equivalently, the Riemannian cone over a nearly Kähler manifold has holonomy contained in G2. In this paper we study the deformation theory of nearly Kähler manifolds, showing that it is obstructed in general. More precisely, we show that the infinitesimal deformations of the homogeneous nearly Kähler structure on the flag manifold are all obstructed to second order.
We describe the second order obstruction to deformation for nearly $G_2$ structures on compact manifolds. Building on work of B.Alexandrov and U.Semmelmann this allows proving rigidity under deformation for the proper nearly $G_2$ structure on the Aloff-Wallach space $N(1,1)$.
Manifolds admitting Killing spinors are Einstein manifolds. Thus, a deformation of a Killing spinor entails a deformation of Einstein metrics. In this paper, we study infinitesimal deformations of Killing spinors on nearly parallel $\mathrm{G}_2$-manifolds. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between nearly parallel $\mathrm{G}_2$-structures and Killing spinors on 7-dimensional spin manifolds, our results imply that infinitesimal deformations of nearly parallel $\mathrm{G}_2$-structures are examined in terms of Killing spinors. Applying the same technique, we identify that the space of …
We study the deformation theory of $\mathrm{G}_2$-instantons on nearly $\mathrm{G}_2$ manifolds. There is a one-to-one correspondence between nearly parallel $\mathrm{G}_2$ structures and real Killing spinors, thus the deformation theory can be formulated in terms of spinors and Dirac operators. We prove that the space of infinitesimal deformations of an instanton is isomorphic to the kernel of an elliptic operator. Using this formulation we prove that abelian instantons are rigid. Then we apply our results to describe the deformation space of the canonical connection on the four normal homoge…
We study the infinitesimal deformations of a proper nearly parallel G_2-structure and prove that they are characterized by a certain first order differential equation. In particular we show that the space of infinitesimal deformations modulo the group of diffeomorphisms is isomorphic to a subspace of co-closed $Λ^3_{27}$-eigenforms of the Laplace operator for the eigenvalue 8 scal/21. We give a similar description for the space of infinitesimal Einstein deformations of a fixed nearly parallel G_2-structure. Moreover we show that there are no deformations on the squashed S^7 and on SO(5)/SO(3),…
It is well-known that every 6-dimensional strictly nearly Kähler manifold $(M,g,J)$ is Einstein with positive scalar curvature $scal>0$. Moreover, one can show that the space $E$ of co-closed primitive (1,1)-forms on $M$ is stable under the Laplace operator $Δ$. Let $E(a)$ denote the $a$-eigenspace of the restriction of $Δ$ to $E$. If $M$ is compact, we prove that the moduli space of infinitesimal Einstein deformations of the nearly Kähler metric $g$ is naturally isomorphic to the direct sum $E(scal/15)\oplus E(scal/5)\oplus E(2scal/5)$. It is known that the last summand is itself isomorphic w…
A nearly parallel $G_{2}$-manifold $Y$ is a Riemannian 7-manifold whose cone $C(Y) = \mathbb{R}_{>0} \times Y$ has the holonomy group contained in ${\rm Spin(7)}$. In other words, it is a spin 7-manifold with a real Killing spinor. We have a special class of calibrated submanifolds called Cayley submanifolds in $C(Y)$. An associative submanifold in $Y$ is a minimal 3-submanifold whose cone is Cayley. We study its deformations, namely, Cayley cone deformations, explicitly when it is homogeneous in the 7-sphere $S^{7}$.
Associative submanifolds $A$ in nearly parallel $G_2$-manifolds $Y$ are minimal 3-submanifolds in spin 7-manifolds with a real Killing spinor. The Riemannian cone over $Y$ has the holonomy group contained in ${\rm Spin(7)}$ and the Riemannian cone over $A$ is a Cayley submanifold. Infinitesimal deformations of associative submanifolds were considered by the author. This paper is a continuation of the work. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for an infinitesimal associative deformation to be integrable (unobstructed) to second order explicitly. As an application, we show that the infi…
Deformation theory of nearly $\mathrm{G}_2$ manifolds
本文研究七维近 $\mathrm{G}_2$ 流形的形变理论，证明其无穷小形变通常受阻，并具体证明 Aloff–Wallach 空间上齐次结构的无穷小形变在二阶全部受阻，同时完整描述了近 $\mathrm{G}_2$ 流形的上同调。
We overview the properties of non-infinitesimal deformations of G2-structures on seven-manifolds, and in particular, focus on deformations that lie in the seven-dimensional representation of G2 and are thus defined by a vector. We then consider deformations from G2-structures with the torsion class having one-dimensional and seven-dimensional components (so-called conformally nearly parallel G2-manifolds) to G2-structures with just a one-dimensional torsion component (nearly parallel G2-manifolds). We find that deformations between such structures exist if and only if the metric is a particula…
The moduli space NK of infinitesimal deformations of a nearly Kähler structure on a compact 6-dimensional manifold is described by a certain eigenspace of the Laplace operator acting on co-closed primitive (1,1) forms. Using the Hermitian Laplace operator and some representation theory, we compute the space NK on all 6-dimensional homogeneous nearly Kähler manifolds. It turns out that the nearly Kähler structure is rigid except for the flag manifold F(1,2)=SU_3/T^2, which carries an 8-dimensional moduli space of infinitesimal nearly Kähler deformations, modeled on the Lie algebra su_3 of the i…
We study Rarita-Schwinger fields on 6-dimensional compact strict nearly Kähler manifolds. In order to investigate them, we clarify the relationship between some differential operators for the Hermitian connection and the Levi-Civita connection. As a result, we show that the space of the Rarita-Schwinger fields coincides with the space of the harmonic 3-forms. Applying the same technique to a deformation theory, we also find that the space of the infinitesimal deformations of Killing spinors coincides with the direct sum of a certain eigenspace of the Laplace operator and the space of the Killi…
We formulate the deformation theory for instantons on nearly Kähler six-manifolds using spinors and Dirac operators. Using this framework we identify the space of deformations of an irreducible instanton with semisimple structure group with the kernel of an elliptic operator, and prove that abelian instantons are rigid. As an application, we show that the canonical connection on three of the four homogeneous nearly Kähler six-manifolds G/H is a rigid instanton with structure group H. In contrast, these connections admit large spaces of deformations when regarded as instantons on the tangent bu…
Lagrangian submanifolds in strict nearly Kähler 6-manifolds are related to special Lagrangian submanifolds in Calabi-Yau 6-manifolds and coassociative cones in $G_2$-manifolds. We prove that the mean curvature of a Lagrangian submanifold $L$ in a nearly Kähler manifold $(M^{2n}, J, g)$ is symplectically dual to the Maslov 1-form on $L$. Using relative calibrations, we derive a formula for the second variation of the volume of a Lagrangian submanifold $L^3$ in a strict nearly Kähler manifold $(M^6, J, g)$. This formula implies, in particular, that any formal infinitesimal Lagrangian deformation…
Stability of nearly Kähler and nearly parallel $G_2$-manifolds
本文研究 Hitchin 泛函的推广，引入 Hitchin 指标，证明其为 Einstein 余指标的下界，并探讨其与 $G_2$ 和 $\operatorname{Spin}(7)$ 锥形流形形变理论的关系。
We develop the deformation theory of instantons on asymptotically conical $G_2$-manifolds, where an asymptotic connection at infinity is fixed. A spinorial approach is adopted to relate the space of deformations to the kernel of a twisted Dirac operator on the $G_2$-manifold and to the eigenvalues of a twisted Dirac operator on the nearly Kähler link. This framework is then used to calculate the virtual dimension of the moduli spaces of $G_2$-instantons on which several known examples live. One such example considered is the $G_2$-instanton of Günaydin-Nicolai, which lives on $R^7$. As an appl…
The $G_2$ geometry of $3$-Sasaki structures
本文系统研究了$3$-Sasaki流形第二Einstein度量及近似$G_2$结构的形变理论，证明无穷小形变等价，并由基础Laplacian特征函数参数化，进而确定了二阶无阻碍形变。
Any $6$-dimensional strict nearly Kähler manifold is Einstein with positive scalar curvature. We compute the coindex of the metric with respect to the Einstein-Hilbert functional on each of the compact homogeneous examples. Moreover, we show that the infinitesimal Einstein deformations on $F_{1,2}=\mathrm{SU}(3)/T^2$ are not integrable into a curve of Einstein metrics.
We formulate the theory of nearly autoparallel maps (generalizing conformal transforms) of locally anisotropic spaces and define the nearly autoparallel integration as the inverse operation to both covariant derivation and deformation of connections by nearly autoparallel maps. By using this geometric formalism we consider a variant of solution of the problem of formulation of conservation laws for locally anisotropic gravity. We note that locally anisotropic spases contain as particular cases various extensions of Kaluza--Klein, generalized Lagrange and Finsler spaces.
Homogeneous G2 and Sasakian instantons on the Stiefel 7-manifold
研究G2和Sasakian几何中Stiefel 7流形上的同构瞬子结构及其分类与刚性结果。
We investigate the deformation theory of a class of generalized calibrations in Riemannian manifolds for which the tangent bundle has reduced structure group U(n), SU(n), G_2 and Spin(7). For this we use the property of the associated calibration form to be parallel with respect to a metric connection which may have non-vanishing torsion. In all these cases, we find that if there is a moduli space, then it is finite dimensional. We present various examples of generalized calibrations that include almost hermitian manifolds with structure group U(n) or SU(n), nearly parallel G_2 manifolds and g…
Deformation Theory of Asymptotically Conical Spin(7)-Instantons
本文发展了渐近圆锥形Spin(7)流形上瞬子的形变理论，通过旋量关联形变复形，将无穷小形变空间识别为扭曲负狄拉克算子核，并应用该理论描述FNFN Spin(7)瞬子形变，计算模空间虚维数。
Nearly parallel $G_2$-manifolds: formality and associative submanifolds
本文构造了非形式性 Sasaki-Einstein 7-流形新例子，确定了一类纤维丛全空间的最小模型并证明 Aloff-Wallach 空间形式性，同时在 Aloff-Wallach 空间及正则 Sasaki-Einstein 7-流形中构造了带非平凡形变的结合极小子流形。
We review the geometric setting of the field theory with locally anisotropic interactions. The concept of locally anisotropic space is introduced as a general one for various type of extensions of Lagrange and Finsler geometry and higher dimension (Kaluza--Klein type) spaces. The problem of definition of spinors on generalized Finsler spaces is solved in the framework of the geometry of Clifford bundles provided with compatible nonlinear and distinguished connections and metric structures. We construct the spinor differential geometry of locally anisotropic spaces and discuss some related issu…
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