Differential Graded Algebras can be studied through their Differential Graded modules. Among these, the compact ones attract particular attention.
This paper proves that over a suitable chain Differential Graded Algebra R, each compact Differential Graded module M satisfies amp M >= amp R, where amp denotes amplitude which is defined in a straightforward way in terms of the homology of a DG module.
In other words, the homology of each compact DG module M is at least as long as the homology of R itself. Conversely, DG modules with shorter homology than R are not compact, and so in general, there exist DG modules with finitely generated homology which are not compact.
Hence, in contrast to ring theory, it makes no sense to define finite global dimension of DGAs by the condition that each DG module with finitely generated homology must be compact.
For an ample groupoid $\mathcal{G}$ and a unit $x$ of $\mathcal{G}$, Steinberg constructed the induction and restriction functors between the category of modules over the Steinberg algebra $A_R(\mathcal{G})$ and the category of modules over the isotropy group algebra $R\mathcal{G}_x$. In this paper, we prove a graded version of these functors and related results for the graded Steinberg algebra of a graded ample groupoid. As an application, the spectral simple and graded simple modules over the Leavitt path algebra $L_K(E)$ are classified. In particular, we show that many of previously known s…
In this paper we compute the set of point modules of finitely semi-graded rings. In particular, from the parametrization of the point modules for the quantum affine n-space, the set of point modules for some important examples of non $\mathbb{N}$-graded quantum algebras is computed.
Let $G,H$ be groups, $ϕ: G \rightarrow H$ a group morphism, and $A$ a $G$-graded algebra. The morphism $ϕ$ induces an $H$-grading on $A$, and on any $G$-graded $A$-module, which thus becomes an $H$-graded $A$-module. Given an injective $G$-graded $A$-module, we give bounds for its injective dimension when seen as $H$-graded $A$-module. Following ideas by Van den Bergh, we give an application of our results to the stability of dualizing complexes through change of grading.
The behaviour under coarsening functors of simple, entire, or reduced graded rings, of free graded modules over principal graded rings, of superfluous monomorphisms and of homological dimensions of graded modules, as well as adjoints of degree restriction functors, are investigated.
This monograph is devoted to a comprehensive study of graded rings and graded K-theory. A bird's eye view of the graded module theory over a graded ring gives an impression of the module theory with the added adjective "graded" to all its statements. Once the grading is considered to be trivial, the graded theory reduces to the usual module theory. So from this perspective, the graded module theory can be considered as an extension of the module theory. However, one aspect that could be easily missed from such a panoramic view is that, the graded module theory comes equipped with a shifting, t…
Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$. Let $R$ be a $G$-graded commutative ring, $M$ a graded $R$-module and $A\subseteq h(R)$ a multiplicatively closed subset of $R$. In this paper, we introduce the concept of graded $A$-2-absorbing submodules of $M$ as a generalization of graded 2-absorbing submodules and graded $A$-prime submodules of $M.$ We investigate some properties of this class of graded submodules.
This paper is primarily concerned with generalized reduced Verma modules over $\mathbb{Z}$-graded modular Lie superalgebras. Some properties of the generalized reduced Verma modules and the coinduced modules are obtained. Moreover, the invariant forms on the generalized reduced Verma modules are considered. In particular, we prove that the generalized reduced Verma module is isomorphic to the mixed product for modules of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded modular Lie superalgebras of Cartan type.
M. Van den Bergh proved that if A is a left noetherian N-graded ring, and I is a graded-injective left A-module, then the injective dimension of I in the ungraded sense is at most 1. In this note we give another proof of this result. Our proof follows the same strategy as the original proof by Van den Bergh, yet it is somewhat more conceptual, in that it isolates the precise "reason" for the dimension jump.
We study prime ideals, prime modules, and associated primes of graded modules over rings $S$ graded by a unique product monoid. We consider two situations in detail: (a) the case where $S$ is strongly group-graded and (b) the case where $S$ is a crossed product and the ideal or module is induced from the identity component $R$ of $S$. We give explicit conditions for ideals and modules of $R$ to induce prime ideals of or prime modules over $S$ in these two cases. We then describe the set of associated prime ideals of an arbitrary induced module. One of our main interests is to give necessary an…
In this paper we explore the possibility of endowing simple infinite-dimensional ${\mathfrak{sl}_2(\mathbb{C})}$-modules by the structure of the graded module. The gradings on finite-dimensional simple module over simple Lie algebras has been studied in [arXiv:1308.6089] and [arXiv:1601.03008].
We study Doi-Hopf data and Doi-Hopf modules for Hopf group-coalgebras. We introduce modules graded by a discrete Doi-Hopf datum; to a Doi-Hopf datum over a Hopf group coalgebra, we associate an algebra graded by the underlying discrete Doi-Hopf datum, using a smash product type construction. The category of Doi-Hopf modules is then isomorphic to the category of graded modules over this algebra. This is applied to the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hopf group coalgebra, leading to the construction of the Drinfeld double. It is shown that this Drinfeld double is a quasitriangular gra…
Let R be a graded ring and n > 1 an integer. In this paper, We introduce the notions of Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules by using of special finitely presented graded modules . Then, some properties of Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules are obtained. On n-gr-coherent rings, we investigate the relationships among Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules and also, we prove that any graded module in R-gr (resp. gr-R) admits an Ding n-gr-injective (resp. Ding n-gr-flat) cover and preenvelope.
The first Weyl algebra, $A_1 = k \langle x, y\rangle/(xy-yx - 1)$ is naturally $\mathbb{Z}$-graded by letting $\operatorname{deg} x = 1$ and $\operatorname{deg} y = -1$. Sue Sierra studied $\operatorname{gr}- A_1$, category of graded right $A_1$-modules, computing its Picard group and classifying all rings graded equivalent to $A_1$. In this paper, we generalize these results by studying the graded module category of certain generalized Weyl algebras. We show that for a generalized Weyl algebra $A(f)$ with base ring $k[z]$ defined by a quadratic polynomial $f$, the Picard group of $\operatorna…
Let $k$ be a field, $Q$ a finite directed graph, and $kQ$ its path algebra. Make $kQ$ an $\NN$-graded algebra by assigning each arrow a positive degree. Let $I$ be a homogeneous ideal in $kQ$ and write $A=kQ/I$. Let $\QGr A$ denote the quotient of the category of graded right $A$-modules modulo the Serre subcategory consisting of those graded modules that are the sum of their finite dimensional submodules. This paper shows there is a finite directed graph $Q'$ with all its arrows placed in degree 1 and a homogeneous ideal $I'\subset kQ'$ such that $\QGr A \equiv \QGr kQ'/I'$. This is an extens…
Let k be a field, Q a finite directed graph, and kQ its path algebra. Make kQ an N-graded algebra by assigning each arrow a positive degree. Let I be an ideal in kQ generated by a finite number of paths and write A = kQ/I. Let QGr A denote the quotient of the category of graded right A-modules modulo the Serre subcategory consisting of those graded modules that are the sum of their finite dimensional submodules. This paper shows there is a finite directed graph Q' with all its arrows placed in degree 1 and an equivalence of categories QGr A = QGr kQ'. A result of Smith now implies that QGr A =…
In this paper, we study the holonomic $D$-modules when $D$ is the ring of $k$-linear differential operators on $A = k[Γ]$, the coordinate ring of an affine monomial curve over the complex numbers $k = \mathbb C$. In particular, we consider the graded case, and classify the simple graded $D$-modules and compute their extensions. The classification over the first Weyl algebra $D = A_1(k)$ is obtained as a special case.
In a previous article (see \cite{CNP}), we introduced and analyzed ring-theoretic properties of object unital $\mathcal{G}$-graded rings $R$, where $\mathcal{G}$ is a groupoid. In the present article, we analyze the category $\grmod$ of unitary $\G$-graded modules over such rings. Following ideas developed earlier by one of the authors in \cite{lundstrom2004}, we analyze the forgetful functor $U \colon \grmod \to \rmod$ and aim to determine properties $\mathcal{P}$ for which the following implications are valid for modules $M$ in $\grmod$: $M$ is $\mathcal{P}$ $\Rightarrow$ $U(M)$ is $\mathcal…
The paper is dedicated to the study of certain non commutative graded AS Gorenstein algebras $Λ$. The main result of the paper is that for Koszul algebras $Λ$ with Yoneda algebra $Γ$, such that both $Λ$ and $Γ$ are graded AS Gorenstein noetherian of finite local cohomology dimension on both sides, there are dualities of triangulated categories: \underline{$gr$}$_Λ[Ω^{-1}]$ $\cong D^{b}(Qgr_Γ)$ and \underline{$gr$}$_Γ[Ω^{-1}]$ $\cong D^{b}(Qgr_Λ)$ where, and $Qgr_Γ$ is the category of tails, this is: the category of finitely generated graded modules $gr_Γ$ divided by the modules of finite lengt…
Let A be a finitely generated connected graded k-algebra defined by a finite number of monomial relations. Then there is a finite directed graph, Q, the Ufnarovskii graph of A, for which the categories QGr(A) and QGr(kQ) are equivalent: QGr(A) denotes the quotient category of graded A-modules modulo the subcategory consisting of those that are the sum of their finite dimensional submodules; QGr(kQ) has a similar definition. The proof makes use of an algebra homomorphism A--->kQ that may be of independent interest.
In this paper, we give a complete characterization of Leavitt path algebras which are graded $Σ$-$V$ rings, that is, rings over which a direct sum of arbitrary copies of any graded simple module is graded injective. Specifically, we show that a Leavitt path algebra $L$ over an arbitrary graph $E$ is a graded $Σ$-$V$ ring if and only if it is a subdirect product of matrix rings of arbitrary size but with finitely many non-zero entries over $K$ or $K[x,x^{-1}]$ with appropriate matrix gradings. We also obtain a graphical characterization of such a graded $Σ$-$V$ ring $L$% . When the graph $E$ is…
The aim of this paper is to introduce and study graded and filtered gamma rings and gamma modules. We prove that the filtered $Γ$-ring (module) is a generalization of the notion of graded ring (module). Also, we construct a graded $Γ$-ring from a filtered $Γ$-ring. We investigate some properties of graded and fileterd Gamma rings and Gamma modules. Finally we define and study the strongly graded gamma rings.
Results of Vancliff, Van Rompay and Willaert in 1998 prove that point modules over a regular graded Clifford algebra (GCA) are determined by (commutative) quadrics of rank at most two that belong to the quadric system associated to the GCA. In 2010, Cassidy and Vancliff generalized the notion of a GCA to that of a graded skew Clifford algebra (GSCA). The results in this article show that prior results may be extended, with suitable modification, to GSCAs. In particular, using the notion of μ-rank introduced recently by the authors, the point modules over a regular GSCA are determined by (nonco…
It is shown that the methods and algorithms, developed in (A. Capani et al., Computing minimal finite free resolutions, {\it Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra}, (117& 118)(1997), 105 -- 117; M. Kreuzer and L. Robbiano, {\it Computational Commutative Algebra 2}, Springer, 2005.) for computing minimal homogeneous generating sets of graded submodules and graded quotient modules of free modules over a commutative polynomial algebra, can be adapted for computing minimal homogeneous generating sets of graded submodules and graded quotient modules of free modules over a weighted $\mathbb{N}$-graded…
Given a grading by an abelian group G on a semisimple Lie algebra L over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, we classify up to isomorphism the simple objects in the category of finite-dimensional G-graded L-modules. The invariants appearing in this classification are computed in the case when L is simple classical (except for type D4, where a partial result is given). In particular, we obtain criteria to determine when a finite-dimensional simple L-module admits a G-grading making it a graded L-module.
A Lie algebra $L$ is said to be $(Θ_{n},sl_{n})$-graded if it contains a simple subalgebra $\mathfrak{g}$ isomorphic to $sl_{n}$ such that the $\mathfrak{g}$-module $L$ decomposes into copies of the adjoint module, the trivial module, the natural module $V$, its symmetric and exterior squares $S^{2}V$ and $\wedge^{2}V$ and their duals. We describe the multiplicative structures and the coordinate algebras of $(Θ_{n},sl_{n})$-graded Lie algebras for $n\ge5$, classify these Lie algebras and determine their central extensions.
It is proved that an irreducible module over the non-graded Virasoro-like algebra, which satisfies a natural condition, is a GHW module or uniformly bounded. Furthermore, the classification of some uniformly bounded modules is given.
Let g_A (respectively, g_A(μ)) be the graded multi-loop Lie algebra (respectively graded twisted multi-loop Lie algebra)" associated with the simple finite dimensional Lie algebra g over the complex field C. In this paper, we prove that irreducible integrable g_A(μ)-modules with finite dimensional weight spaces are either highest weight modules or their duals and classify the isomorphism classes of irreducible integrable g_A-modules and g_A(μ)-modules with finite dimensional weight spaces.
Let $Λ$ be a basic finite dimensional algebra over an algebraically closed field, presented as a path algebra modulo relations; further, assume that $Λ$ is graded by lengths of paths. The paper addresses the classifiability, via moduli spaces, of classes of graded $Λ$-modules with fixed dimension $d$ and fixed top $T$. It is shown that such moduli spaces exist far more frequently than they do for ungraded modules. In the local case (i.e., when $T$ is simple), the graded $d$-dimensional $Λ$-modules with top $T$ always possess a fine moduli space which classifies these modules up to graded-isomo…
Let kQ be the path algebra of a quiver Q with its standard grading. We show that the category of graded kQ-modules modulo those that are the sum of their finite dimensional submodules, QGr(kQ), is equivalent to several other categories: the graded modules over a suitable Leavitt path algebra, the modules over a certain direct limit of finite dimensional multi-matrix algebras, QGr(kQ') where Q' is the quiver whose incidence matrix is the n^{th} power of that for Q, and others. A relation with a suitable Cuntz-Krieger algebra is established. All short exact sequences in the full subcategory of f…
Let $A=\oplus_{i\in \nn}A_i$ be an excellent homogeneous Noetherian graded ring and let $M=\oplus_{n\in \zz}M_n$ be a finitely generated graded $A$-module. We consider $M$ as a module over $A_0$ and show that the $(S_k)$-loci of $M$ are open in $\Spec(A_0)$. In particular, the Cohen-Macaulay locus $U^0_{CM}=\{\p\in \Spec(A_0) \mid M_\p {is Cohen-Macaulay}\}$ is an open subset of $\Spec(A_0)$. We also show that the $(S_k)$-loci on the homogeneous parts $M_n$ of $M$ are eventually stable. As an application we obtain that for a finitely generated Cohen-Macaulay module $M$ over an excellent ring $…
We define twisted Frobenius extensions of graded superrings. We develop equivalent definitions in terms of bimodule isomorphisms, trace maps, bilinear forms, and dual sets of generators. The motivation for our study comes from categorification, where one is often interested in the adjointness properties of induction and restriction functors. We show that $A$ is a twisted Frobenius extension of $B$ if and only if induction of $B$-modules to $A$-modules is twisted shifted right adjoint to restriction of $A$-modules to $B$-modules. A large (non-exhaustive) class of examples is given by the fact t…
For a positively graded artin algebra $A=\oplus_{n\geq 0}A_n$ we introduce its Beilinson algebra $\mathrm{b}(A)$. We prove that if $A$ is well-graded self-injective, then the category of graded $A$-modules is equivalent to the category of graded modules over the trivial extension algebra $T(\mathrm{b}(A))$. Consequently, there is a full exact embedding from the bounded derived category of $\mathrm{b}(A)$ into the stable category of graded modules over $A$; it is an equivalence if and only if the 0-th component algebra $A_0$ has finite global dimension.
Tilting objects play a key role in the study of triangulated categories. A famous result due to Iyama and Takahashi asserts that the stable categories of graded maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over quotient singularities have tilting objects. This paper proves a noncommutative generalization of Iyama and Takahashi's theorem using noncommutative algebraic geometry. Namely, if $S$ is a noetherian AS-regular Koszul algebra and $G$ is a finite group acting on $S$ such that $S^G$ is a "Gorenstein isolated singularity", then the stable category ${\underline {\operatorname {CM}}}^{\Bbb Z}(S^G)$ of gra…
We study the annihilator of the cokernel of a map of free Z/2-graded modules over a Z/2-graded skew-commutative algebra in characteristic 0 and define analogues of its Fitting ideals. We show that in the ``generic'' case the annihilator is given by a Fitting ideal, and explain relations between the Fitting ideal and the annihilator that hold in general. Our results generalize the classical Fitting Lemma, and extend the key result of Green [1999]. They depend on the Berele-Regev theory of representations of general linear Lie super-algebras.
We discuss finitely graded Iwanaga-Gorenstein (IG) algebras $A$ and representation theory of their (graded) Cohen-Macaulay (CM) modules. By quasi-Veronese algebra construction, in principle, we may reduce our study to the case where $A$ is a trivial extension algebra $A = Λ\oplus C$ with the grading $ \text{deg} Λ= 0, \ \text{deg} C = 1$. In the previous study, we gave a necessary and sufficient condition that $A$ is IG in terms of $Λ$ and $C$ by using derived tensor products and derived Homs. For simplicity, we assume that $Λ$ is of finite global dimension in the sequel. In this paper, we sho…
Our published paper contains an incorrect statement of a result due to Artin and Zhang. This corrigendum gives the correct statement of their result and includes a new result that allows us to use their result to prove our main theorem. Thus the main theorem of our published paper is correct as stated but its proof must be modified.
We study the structural and homological properties of graded Artinian modules over generalized Weyl algebras (GWAs), and this leads to a decomposition result for the category of graded Artinian modules. Then we define and examine a category of graded modules analogous to the BGG category O. We discover a condition on the data defining the GWA that ensures O has a system of projective generators. Under this condition, O has nice representation-theoretic properties. There is also a decomposition result for O. Next, we give a necessary condition for there to be a strongly graded Morita equivalenc…
Motivated by recent developments of $\infty$-categorical theories related to differential graded (dg for short) Lie algebras, we develop a general framework for locally finite $\infty$-$\mathfrak{g}$-modules over a dg Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$. We show that the category of such locally finite $\infty$-$\mathfrak{g}$-modules is almost a model category in the sense of Vallette. As a homotopy theoretical generalization of Loday and Pirashvili's Lie algebra objects in the tensor category of linear maps, we further study weak Loday-Pirashvili modules consisting of $\infty$-morphisms from locally f…
We consider a finite dimensional strongly $G$-graded algebra $A$ with { self-injective} $1$-component $B$, and in our main result we prove that the induction from $B$ to $A$ of a basic support $τ$-tilting pair of $B$-modules is a support $τ$-tilting pair $(M,P)$ of $A$-modules if and only if $M$ is $G$-invariant. A similar statement holds for the restriction from $A$ to $B$, so our results may be viewed as Clifford and Maschke type theorems for $2$-term silting complexes. We also give applications to semibricks and the associated wide subcategories.
