Valentino Tosatti
We prove that a Kahler metric in the anticanonical class which is a critical point of the functional E_k and has nonnegative Ricci curvature, is necessarily Kahler-Einstein. This partially answers a question of X.X.Chen.
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In this paper we study left invariant CR structures on Lie groups which are compatible with geometric properties as Poisson and kahler properties.
This is a survey article, based on the author's lectures in the 2015 AMS Summer Research Institute in Algebraic Geometry, and to appear in the Proceedings.
This is an expository article. Among other topics, we discuss the existence of Kahler-Ricci soliton metrics on toric Fano manifolds, and Kahler-Einstein metrics on deformations of the Mukai-Umemura 3-fold
We study the geometry of PQKT-connections. We find conditions to the existence of a PQKT-connection and prove that if it exists it is unique. We show that PQKT geometry persist in a conformal class of metrics.
We study a Boltzmann's type entropy functional (which appeared in existing literature) defined on Kähler metrics of a fixed Kähler class. The critical points of this functional are gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons, and the functional was known to be monotonically increasing along the Kähler-Ricci flow in the canonical class. In this article, we derive and analyze the second variation formula for this entropy functional, and show that all gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons are stable with respect to this entropy functional. Furthermore, using this result, we give a new proof that gradient shrinking K…
Conformally Kähler, Einstein-Maxwell metrics and $f$-extremal metrics are generalization of canonical metrics in Kähler geometry. We introduce uniform K-stability for toric Kähler manifolds, and show that uniform K-stability is necessary condition for the existence of $f$-extremal metrics on toric manifolds. Furthermore, we show that uniform K-stability is equivalent to properness of relative K-energy.
This is a survey article, based on the author's lectures in the 2015 Current developments in Mathematics meeting; published in "Current developments in Mathematics". Version 2, references corrected and added.
We study Laplace eigenvalues $λ_k$ on Kähler manifolds as functionals on the space of Kähler metrics with cohomologous Kähler forms. We introduce a natural notion of a $λ_k$-extremal Kähler metric and obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for it. A particular attention is paid to the $λ_1$-extremal properties of Kähler-Einstein metrics of positive scalar curvature on manifolds with non-trivial holomorphic vector fields.
The $B$-connection on almost complex manifolds with Norden metric is an analogue of the first canonical connection of Lihnerovich in Hermitian geometry. In the present paper it is considered a $B$-connection in the class of the quasi-Kähler manifold with Norden metric. Some necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the corresponding curvature tensor to be Kählerian. Curvature properties for this connection are obtained. Conditions are given for the considered manifolds to be isotropic-Kähler.
We establish an equivalence between conformally Einstein--Maxwell Kahler 4-manifolds (recently studied in many works) and extremal Kahler 4-manifolds (in the sense of Calabi) with nowhere vanishing scalar curvature. The corresponding pairs of Kahler metrics arise as transversal Kahler structures of Sasaki metrics compatible with the same CR structure and having commuting Sasaki--Reeb vector fields. This correspondence extends to higher dimensions using the notion of a weighted extremal Kahler metric, illuminating and uniting several explicit constructions in Kahler and Sasaki geometry. It also…
We establish a general "boundedness implies convergence" principle for a family of evolving Riemannian metrics. We then apply this principle to collapsing Calabi-Yau metrics and normalized Kähler-Ricci flows on torus fibered minimal models to obtain convergence results.
We prove that if a compact smooth polarized complex manifold admits in the corresponding Hodge Kähler class a conformally Kähler, Einstein--Maxwell metric, or more generally, a Kähler metric of constant $(ξ, a, p)$-scalar curvature, then this metric minimizes the $(ξ,a,p)$-Mabuchi functional. Our method of proof extends the approach introduced by Donaldson and developed by Li and Sano--Tipler, via finite dimensional approximations and generalized balanced metrics. As an application of our result and the recent construction of Koca--Tønnesen-Friedman, we describe the Kähler classes on a geometr…
In recent years, there are many progress made in Kähler geometry. In particular, the topics related to the problems of the existence and uniqueness of extremal Kähler metrics, as well as obstructions to the existence of such metrics in general Kähler manifold. In this talk, we will report some recent developments in this direction. In particular, we will discuss the progress recently obtained in understanding the metric structure of the infinite dimensional space of Kaehler potentials, and their applications to the problems mentioned above. We also will discuss some recent on Kaehler Ricci flo…
Calabi type functionals for coupled Kähler-Einstein metrics
该研究引入耦合Ricci-Calabi泛函与耦合H泛函以衡量耦合Kähler-Einstein度量的偏差，给出矩权型不等式与临界点Hessian公式，可应用于相关存在性的障碍定理。
It is known that the scalar curvature arises as the moment map in Kahler geometry. In pursuit of this analogy, we introduce the notion of a moment map in generalized Kahler geometry which gives the definition of a generalized scalar curvature on a generalized Kahler manifold. From the viewpoint of the moment map, we obtain the generalized Ricci form which is a representative of the first Chern class of the anticanonical line bundle. It turns out that infinitesimal deformations of generalized Kahler structures with constant generalized scalar curvature are finite dimensional on a compact manifo…
It is known, that if a 2m-dimensional Kahler manifold satisfies the axiom of holomorphic 2n-spheres (1<n<m) or the axiom of antiholomorphic n-spheres (2<n), it is of constant holomorphic sectional curvature. In this paper the same result is obtained under weaker assumptions.
We construct metrics with the holonomy group SU(2) on the tangent bundles of weighted complex projective lines and give a geometric description of the moduli space of special Kahler metrics on a K3-surface in the neighborhood of the flat orbifold $T^4/Z_3$.
The purpose of this paper is to establish a completely new partial regularity theory on certain homogeneous complex Monge-Ampere equations. Our partial regularity theory will be obtained by studying foliations by holomorphic curves and and their relations to homogeneous complex Monge-Ampere equations. As applications, we will prove the uniqueness of extremal Kähler metrics and give an necessary condition for existence of extremal Kähler metrics. Further applications will be discussed in our forthcoming papers.
We prove a simple, explicit formula for the mass of any asymptotically locally Euclidean (ALE) Kähler manifold, assuming only the sort of weak fall-off conditions required for the mass to actually be well-defined. For ALE scalar-flat Kähler manifolds, the mass turns out to be a topological invariant, depending only on the underlying smooth manifold, the first Chern class of the complex structure, and the Kähler class of the metric. When the metric is actually AE (asymptotically Euclidean), our formula not only implies a positive mass theorem for Kähler metrics, but also yields a Penrose-type i…
In complex Finsler geometry, an open problem is: does there exist a weakly Kähler Finsler metric which is not Kähler? In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to this open problem. More precisely, we construct a family of the weakly Kähler Finsler metrics which are non-Kähler. The examples belong to the unitary invariant complex Randers metrics. Furthermore, a uniformization theorem of the unitary invariant complex Randers metrics with constant holomorphic curvature is proved under the weakly Kähler condition.
In this paper, we prove the equivalence of the existence of extremal Kahler metrics and the properness of the modified K energy on projective bundles. Moreover, we discuss the relations of the lower boundedness of the K energy, the infimum of the Calabi energy and the extremal polynomials. In particular, we give an example where the modified K energy is bounded from below but not proper.
We study the construction and classification of weakly Bochner-flat (WBF) metrics (i.e., Kahler metrics with coclosed Bochner tensor) on compact complex manifolds. A Kahler metric is WBF if and only if its `normalized' Ricci form is a hamiltonian 2-form: such 2-forms were introduced and studied in previous papers in the series. It follows that WBF Kahler metrics are extremal. We construct many new examples of WBF metrics on projective bundles and obtain a classification of compact WBF Kahler 6-manifolds, extending work by the first three authors on weakly selfdual Kahler 4-manifolds. The const…
In this paper we study an integral invariant which obstructs the existence on a compact complex manifold of a volume form with the determinant of its Ricci form proportional to itself, in particular obstructs the existence of a Kähler-Einstein metric, and has been studied since 1980's. We study this invariant from the view point of locally conformally Kähler geometry. We first see that we can define an integral invariant for coverings of compact complex manifolds with automorphic volume forms. This situation typically occurs for locally conformally Kähler manifolds. Secondly, we see that this …
Yau conjectured that a Fano manifold admits a Kahler-Einstein metric if and only if it is stable in the sense of geometric invariant theory. There has been much progress on this conjecture by Tian, Donaldson and others. The Mabuchi energy functional plays a central role in these ideas. We study the E_k functionals introduced by X.X. Chen and G. Tian which generalize the Mabuchi energy. We show that if a Fano manifold admits a Kahler-Einstein metric then the functional E_1 is bounded from below, and, modulo holomorphic vector fields, is proper. This answers affirmatively a question raised by Ch…
Asymptotic geometry of toric Kahler instantons
本文研究完备环面Kähler流形的辛约化闭性判据，分类标量平坦瞬子的渐近几何，并给出非闭约化的反例。
An explicit seminorm $||f||_{#}$ on the vector space of Chow vectors of projective varieties is introduced, and shown to be a generalized Mabuchi energy functional for Chow varieties. The singularities of the Chow varieties give rise to currents supported on their singular loci, while the regular parts are shown to reproduce the Mabuchi energy functional of the corresponding projective variety. Thus the boundedness from below of the Mabuchi functional, and hence the existence of Kähler-Einstein metrics, is related to the behavior of the current $[Y_s]$ and the seminorm $||f||_{#}$ along the or…
We review results on and around the almost complex structure on $S^6$, both from a classical and a modern point of view. These notes have been prepared for the Workshop "(Non)-existence of complex structures on $S^6$" (\emph{Erste Marburger Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mathematik -- MAM-1}), held in Marburg in March 2017.
We prove long time existence and convergence results for the pluriclosed flow, which imply geometric and topological classification theorems for generalized Kähler structures. Our approach centers on the reduction of pluriclosed flow to a degenerate parabolic equation for a $(1,0)$-form, introduced in \cite{ST2}. We observe a number of differential inequalities satisfied by this system which lead to a priori $L^{\infty}$ estimates for the metric along the flow. Moreover we observe an unexpected connection to "Born-Infeld geometry" which leads to a sharp differential inequality which can be use…
We prove that the existence of a Kahler-Einstein metric on a Fano manifold is equivalent to the properness of the energy functionals defined by Bando, Chen, Ding, Mabuchi and Tian on the set of Kahler metrics with positive Ricci curvature. We also prove that these energy functionals are bounded from below on this set if and only if one of them is. This answers two questions raised by X.-X. Chen. As an application, we obtain a new proof of the classical Moser-Trudinger-Onofri inequality on the two-sphere, as well as describe a canonical enlargement of the space of Kahler potentials on which thi…
We consider a class of complete Kahler manifolds with a strictly pseudoconvex boundary at infinity. After studying its asymptotic geometry, we formulate a conjecture in the Kahler-Einstein case relating the bottom of spectrum to the CR geometry on the boundary. We prove some partial results.
There is an obstruction to the existence of Kähler -Einstein metrics which is used to define the GIT weight for K-stability, and it has been extended to various geometric problems. This survey paper considers such extended obstructions to the existence problem of Kähler -Ricci solitons, Sasaki-Einstein metrics and (conformally) Einstein-Maxwell Kähler metrics. These three cases have a common feature that the obstructions are parametrized by a space of vector fields. We see, in these three cases, the obstructions are obtained as the derivative of suitable volume functionals. This tells us for w…
We prove the uniqueness, up to a pull-back by an element of a suitable subgroup of complex automorphisms, of the weighted extremal Kähler metrics on a compact Kähler manifold introduced in our previous work. This extends a result by Berman--Berndtsson and Chen--Paun--Zeng in the extremal Kähler case. Furthermore, we show that a weighted extremal Kähler metric is a global minimum of a suitable weighted version of the modified Mabuchi energy. This implies a suitable notion of weighted K-semistability of a Kähler manifold admitting a weighted extremal Kähler metric.
We prove that no nilpotent Lie algebra admits an invariant generalized Kaehler structure. This is done by showing that a certain differential graded algebra associated to a generalized complex manifold is formal in the generalized Kaehler case, while it is never formal for a generalized complex structure on a nilpotent Lie algebra.
Let $M$ be a compact complex manifold admitting a Kähler structure. A conformally Kähler, Einstein-Maxwell metric (cKEM metric for short) is a Hermitian metric $\tilde{g}$ on $M$ with constant scalar curvature such that there is a positive smooth function $f$ with $g = f^2 \tilde{g}$ being a Kähler metric and $f$ being a Killing Hamiltonian potential with respect to $g$. Fixing a Kähler class, we characterize such Killing vector fields whose Hamiltonian function $f$ with respect to some Kähler metric $g$ in the fixed Kähler class gives a cKEM metric $\tilde{g} = f^{-2}g$. The characterization …
We prove a general result about the geometry of holomorphic line bundles over Kahler manifolds.
We present a uniform framework generalising and extending the classical theories of projective differential geometry, c-projective geometry, and almost quaternionic geometry. Such geometries, which we call \emph{projective parabolic geometries}, are abelian parabolic geometries whose flat model is an R-space $G\cdot\mathfrak{p}$ in the infinitesimal isotropy representation $\mathbb{W}$ of a larger self-dual symmetric R-space $H\cdot\mathfrak{q}$. We also give a classification of projective parabolic geometries with $H\cdot\mathfrak{q}$ irreducible which, in addition to the aforementioned class…
We give conditions on the Lee vector field of an almost Hermitian manifold such that any holomorphic map from this manifold into a (1,2)-symplectic manifold must satisfy the fourth-order condition of being biharmonic, hence generalizing the Lichnerowicz theorem on harmonic maps. These third-order non-linear conditions are shown to greatly simplify on l.c.K. manifolds and construction methods and examples are given in all dimensions.
We prove that the quasi-Einstein metrics found by Lü, Page and Pope on $\mathbb{C}P^{1}$-bundles over Fano Kähler-Einstein bases are conformally Kähler and that the Kähler class of the conformal metric is a multiple of the first Chern class. A detailed study of the lowest-dimensional example of such metrics on $\mathbb{C}P^{2}\sharp \overline{\mathbb{C}P}^{2}$ using the methods developed by Abreu and Guillemin for studying toric Kähler metrics is given. Our methods yield, in a unified framework, proofs of the existence of the Page, Koiso-Cao and Lü-Page-Pope metrics on $\mathbb{C}P^{2}\sharp \…
Exponential families are a particular class of statistical manifolds which are particularly important in statistical inference, and which appear very frequently in statistics. For example, the set of normal distributions, with mean μ and deviation σ, form a 2-dimensional exponential family. In this paper, we show that the tangent bundle of an exponential family is naturally a Kahler manifold. This simple but crucial observation leads to the formalism of quantum mechanics in its geometrical form, i.e. based on the Kahler structure of the complex projective space, but generalizes also to more ge…
While the Anomaly flow was originally motivated by string theory, its zero slope case is potentially of considerable interest in non-Kahler geometry, as it is a flow of conformally balanced metrics whose stationary points are precisely Kahler metrics. We establish its convergence on Kahler manifolds for suitable initial data. We also discuss its relation to some current problems in complex geometry.
Given a compact polarized Kähler manifold $X\hookrightarrow\mathbb{CP}^N$, the space of Bergman metrics on $X$, parameterized by $\mathrm{SL}(N+1,\mathbb{C})$, corresponds to a dense set in the space of Kähler potentials in the Kähler class as $N\to\infty$. Critical points of the $k$th K-energy functional, which is defined on the Kähler class, correspond to metrics with harmonic $k$th Chern form. In this paper it is shown that the higher K-energy functionals, when restricted to the Bergman metrics, are expressible as the energies of certain pairs of vectors (tensors products of discriminants).…
It is conjectured that the existence of constant scalar curvature Kähler metrics will be equivalent to K-stability, or K-polystability depending on terminology (Yau-Tian-Donaldson conjecture). There is another GIT stability condition, called the asymptotic Chow polystability. This condition implies the existence of balanced metrics for polarized manifolds $(M, L^k)$ for all large $k$. It is expected that the balanced metrics converge to a constant scalar curvature metric as $k$ tends to infinity under further suitable stability conditions. In this survey article I will report on recent results…
Kähler geometry on total spaces of vector bundles over elliptic curves
研究椭圆曲线上向量丛全空间的凯勒几何，证明零度秩二向量丛全空间双全纯等价于向量丛同构，构造具平坦陈-里奇曲率的完备高德雄度量并刻画线丛全空间非负双截曲率的完备凯勒度量。
We introduce and study the notion of a biholomorphic gerbe with connection. The biholomorphic gerbe provides a natural geometrical framework for generalized Kahler geometry in a manner analogous to the way a holomorphic line bundle is related to Kahler geometry. The relation between the gerbe and the generalized Kahler potential is discussed.
In this expository article we review the problem of finding Einstein metrics on compact Kähler manifolds and Sasaki manifolds. In the former half of this article we see that, in the Kähler case, the problem fits better with the notion of stability in Geometric Invariant Theory if we extend the problem to that of finding extremal Kähler metrics or constant scalar curvature Kähler (cscK) metrics. In the latter half of this paper we see that most of ideas in Kähler geometry extend to Sasaki geometry as transverse Kähler geometry. We also summarize recent results about the existence of toric Sasak…
We give a mostly self-contained proof of the classification of non-Kahler surfaces based on Buchdahl-Lamari theorem. We also prove that all non-Kahler surfaces which are not of class VII are locally conformally Kahler.
In this paper we continue to study Gromov-Hausdorff limits of Kahler manifolds and algebraic geometry. Our main focus is on the algebro-geometric meaning of Riemannian tangent cones and rescaled limits.
A decade of metric geometry in the space of Kähler metrics
综述Kähler度量空间的度量几何发展，聚焦过去十年成果与开放问题
We study Kahler surfaces with harmonic anti-selfdual Weyl tensor. We provide an explicit local description, which we use to obtain the complete classification in the compact case. We give new examples of extremal Kahler metrics, including Kahler-Einstein metrics and conformally Einstein Kahler metrics. We also extend some of our results to almost Kahler 4-manifolds, providing new examples of Ricci-flat almost Kahler metrics which are not Kahler.
In the same way that a contact manifold determines and is determined by a symplectic cone, a Sasaki manifold determines and is determined by a suitable Kahler cone. Kahler-Sasaki geometry is the geometry of these cones. This paper presents a symplectic action-angle coordinates approach to toric Kahler geometry and how it was recently generalized, by Burns-Guillemin-Lerman and Martelli-Sparks-Yau, to toric Kahler-Sasaki geometry. It also describes, as an application, how this approach can be used to relate a recent new family of Sasaki-Einstein metrics constructed by Gauntlett-Martelli-Sparks-W…
The Ricci Calabi functional is a functional on the space of Kähler metrics of Fano manifolds. Its critical points are called generalized Kähler Einstein metrics. In this article, we show that the Hessian of the Ricci Calabi functional is non-negative at generalized Kähler Einstein metrics. As its application, we give another proof of a Matsushima's type decomposition theorem for holomorphic vector fields, which was originally proved by Mabuchi. We also discuss a relation to the inverse Monge-Ampère flow developed recently by Collins-Hisamoto-Takahashi.
We give a physical derivation of generalized Kahler geometry. Starting from a supersymmetric nonlinear sigma model, we rederive and explain the results of Gualtieri regarding the equivalence between generalized Kahler geometry and the bi-hermitean geometry of Gates-Hull-Rocek. When cast in the language of supersymmetric sigma models, this relation maps precisely to that between the Lagrangian and the Hamiltonian formalisms. We also discuss topological twist in this context.
The geometry of the target space of an N=(2,2) supersymmetry sigma-model carries a generalized Kahler structure. There always exists a real function, the generalized Kahler potential K, that encodes all the relevant local differential geometry data: the metric, the B-field, etc. Generically this data is given by nonlinear functions of the second derivatives of K. We show that, at least locally, the nonlinearity on any generalized Kahler manifold can be explained as arising from a quotient of a space without this nonlinearity.
We study CR geometry in arbitrary codimension, and introduce a process, which we call the Levi-Kahler quotient, for constructing Kahler metrics from CR structures with a transverse torus action. Most of the paper is devoted to the study of Levi-Kahler quotients of toric CR manifolds, and in particular, products of odd dimensional spheres. We obtain explicit descriptions and characterizations of such quotients, and find Levi-Kahler quotients of products of 3-spheres which are extremal in a weighted sense introduced by G. Maschler and the first author.
We introduce two new curvatures which refine and elucidate the real bisectional curvature considered by Yang-Zheng \cite{YangZheng}. A unified perspective of the various forms of the Schwarz lemma is given, leading to novel Chern-Lu, Aubin-Yau, and Chen-Cheng-Look Schwarz lemmas in both the Kähler and Hermitian category.
Let $G$ be a complex, connect reductive Lie group which is the complexification of a compact Lie group $K$. Let $M$ be a $\mathbb Q$-Fano $G$-compactification. In this paper, we first prove the uniqueness of $K\times K$-invariant (singular) Kähler-Einstein metric. Then we show the existence of (singular) Kähler-Einstein metric implies properness of the reduced Ding functional. Finally, we show that the barycenter condition is also necessary of properness.
We show that, locally, all geometric objects of Generalized Kahler Geometry can be derived from a function K, the "generalized Kahler potential''. The metric g and two-form B are determined as nonlinear functions of second derivatives of K. These nonlinearities are shown to arise via a quotient construction from an auxiliary local product (ALP) space.
On multiscale aspects of Kähler-Einstein metrics and algebraic geometry
本文探讨了 Kähler-Einstein 度量的度量极限与重缩放与代数几何的联系，主要涉及簇的模空间和奇点研究，并给出了基本例子、回顾了近期结果及提出了初步猜想。
This work is based on the talk delivered at Poisson 2008. We review the recent advances in Generalized Kahler geometry while stressing the use of Poisson and symplectic geometry. The derivation of the generalized Kahler potential is sketched and the relevant global issues are discussed.
We study hyperkahler cones and their corresponding quaternion-Kahler spaces. We present a classification of 4(n-1)-dimensional quaternion-Kahler spaces with n abelian quaternionic isometries, based on dualizing superconformal tensor multiplets. These manifolds characterize the geometry of the hypermultiplet sector of perturbative moduli spaces of type-II strings compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold. As an example of our construction, we study the universal hypermultiplet in detail, and give three inequivalent tensor multiplet descriptions. We also comment on the construction of quaternion-Kah…
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