Explicit sections on Kuwata's elliptic surfaces

On torsion sections of elliptic fibrations

Let E be an elliptic curve over the function field Q(t). Suppose that for every number field L\not=Q and every element tau\in L such that the specialization E_tau is smooth, the curve E_tau has a non-trivial torsion point over L. We show that E has a non-trivial torsion point over Q(t). This provides evidence in support of a question of Graber-Harris-Mazur-Starr on rational pseudo-sections of arithmetic surjective morphisms.

Transversality of sections on elliptic surfaces with applications to elliptic divisibility sequences and geography of surfaces

We consider elliptic surfaces $\mathcal{E}$ over a field $k$ equipped with zero section $O$ and another section $P$ of infinite order. If $k$ has characteristic zero, we show there are only finitely many points where $O$ is tangent to a multiple of $P$. Equivalently, there is a finite list of integers such that if $n$ is not divisible by any of them, then $nP$ is not tangent to $O$. Such tangencies can be interpreted as unlikely intersections. If $k$ has characteristic zero or $p>3$ and $\mathcal{E}$ is very general, then we show there are no tangencies between $O$ and $nP$. We apply these res…

Gaps on the intersection numbers of sections on a rational elliptic surface

Given a rational elliptic surface X over an algebraically closed field, we investigate whether a given natural number k can be the intersection number of two sections of X. If not, we say that k a gap number. We try to answer when gap numbers exist, how they are distributed and how to identify them. We use Mordell-Weil lattices as our main tool, which connects the investigation to the classical problem of representing integers by positive-definite quadratic forms.

1次del Pezzo曲面上的挠点与共点例外曲线

Torsion points and concurrent exceptional curves on del Pezzo surfaces of degree one

本文研究1次del Pezzo曲面上的例外曲线构型，证明了若一点包含在9条或更多例外曲线中则必为挠点，并给出7条相交时非挠点的反例及8条情形的部分结果。

On the torsion values for sections of an elliptic scheme

We shall consider sections of an elliptic scheme $\mathcal{E}$ over a(n affine) base curve $B$, and study the points of $B$ where the section takes a torsion value. In particular, we shall relate the distribution in $B$ of these points with the canonical height of the section, proving an integral formula involving a measure on $B$ coming from the so-called Betti map of the section. We shall show that this measure is the same appearing in dynamical issues related to the section. This analysis will also involve the multiplicity with which a torsion value is attained, which is an independent prob…

Motivic & Arithmetic probability of a semistable elliptic surface with a Weierstrass torsion section

We prove new sharp asymptotic for counting the semistable elliptic curves with two marked Weierstrass points at $\infty$ and $0$ and also the cases where $0$ is a 2-torsion or a 3-torsion marked Weierstrass point over $\mathbb{F}_q(t)$ by the bounded height of discriminant $Δ(X)$. We consider the motivic probabilities over any basefield $K$ with $\text{char}(K) \neq 2,3$ of picking a nonsingular semistable elliptic surface over $\mathbb{P}^{1}$ with two marked Weierstrass sections at $\infty$ and $0$ such that marked Weierstrass section at $0$ is 2-torsion or 3-torsion. In the end, we formulat…

On the birational anabelian section conjecture

Assuming the finiteness of the Shafarevich-Tate group of elliptic curves over number fields we make several observations on the birational Grotendieck anabelian setion conjecture. We prove that the birational setion conjecture for curves over number fields can be reduced to the case of elliptic curves. In this case we prove that, as a consequence of a result of Stoll, a section of the exact sequence of the absolute Galois group of an elliptic curve over a number field arises from a rational point if and only if the induced section of the corresponding (geometrically abelianised) arithmetic fun…

On dlog image of K_2 of elliptic surface minus singular fibers

Modular section added

Addition law structure of elliptic curves

The study of alternative models for elliptic curves has found recent interest from cryptographic applications, once it was recognized that such models provide more efficiently computable algorithms for the group law than the standard Weierstrass model. Examples of such models arise via symmetries induced by a rational torsion structure. We analyze the module structure of the space of sections of the addition morphisms, determine explicit dimension formulas for the spaces of sections and their eigenspaces under the action of torsion groups, and apply this to specific models of elliptic curves w…

椭圆对数的单值性：若干拓扑方法与有效结果

Monodromy of elliptic logarithms: some topological methods and effective results

本文研究椭圆对数的相对单值群，提出构造保持周期但使对数非平凡变化的显式环路的方法，并给出处理截面分歧轨迹的拓扑工具与有效结果。

The geometry of three sections on certain rational elliptic surfaces and Mumford representations

In this article, we study the geometry of plane curves obtained by three sections and another section given as their sum on certain rational elliptic surfaces. We make use of Mumford representations of semi-reduced divisors in order to study the geometry of sections. As a result, we are able to give new proofs for some classical results on singular plane quartics and their bitangent lines.

Elliptic K3 surfaces with p^n-torsion sections

We classify elliptic K3 surfaces in characteristic $p$ with $p^n$-torsion sections. For $p^n\geq3$ we verify conjectures of Artin and Shioda, compute the heights of their formal Brauer groups, as well as Artin invariants and Mordell--Weil groups in the supersingular cases.

Elliptic Surfaces

This survey paper concerns elliptic surfaces with section. We give a detailed overview of the theory including many examples. Emphasis is placed on rational elliptic surfaces and elliptic K3 surfaces. To this end, we particularly review the theory of Mordell-Weil lattices and address arithmetic questions.

Elliptic dihedral covers in dimension 2, geometry of sections of elliptic surfaces, and Zariski pairs for line-conic arrangements

In this article, examples of Zariski pairs $(B_1, B_2)$ satisfying the following condition are given: (i) $°B_1 = °B_2 = 7$. (ii) Irreducible components of $B_i$ $(i = 1, 2)$ are lines and conics. (iii) Singularities of $B_i$ $(i = 1, 2)$ are nodes, tacnodes and ordinary triple points. In order to construct $B_i$ ($i = 1, 2$), we make use of geometry of sections of rational elliptic surfaces and their group structure. Dihedral covers play important roles to distinguish the topology of $({\mathbb P}^2, B_i)$ $(i = 1, 2)$.

Fiber products of elliptic surfaces with section and associated Kummer fibrations

We investigate Calabi--Yau three folds which are small resolutions of fiber products of elliptic surfaces with section admitting reduced fibers. We start by the classification of all fibers that can appear on such varieties. Then, we find formulas to compute the Hodge numbers of obtained three folds in terms of the types of singular fibers of the elliptic surfaces. Next we study Kummer fibrations associated to these fiber products.

Explicit stable models of elliptic surfaces with sections

In this note we show how to find the stable model of a one-parameter family of elliptic surfaces with sections. More specifically, we perform the log Minimal Model Program in an explicit manner by means of toric geometry, in each such one parameter family. This way we obtain an explicit combinatorial description of the surfaces that may occur at the boundary of moduli (as well as a new proof of the completeness of the moduli space)

Torsion Sections of Elliptic Surfaces

Given a torsion section of a semistable elliptic surface, we prove equidistribution results for the components of singular fibers which are hit by the section, and for the root of unity (identifying the zero component with ${\Bbb C}$) which is hit by the section in case the section hits the zero component.

Torsion Sections of Semistable Elliptic Surfaces

Let S be a torsion section of an elliptic surface with only I_n fibers. This article addresses the question: which components of singular fibers can S pass through? We give necessary criteria for the "component numbers", and show an equidistribution result for torsion sections of prime order.

Specializations of elliptic surfaces, and divisibility in the Mordell-Weil group

Let $E$ be an elliptic surface over the curve $C$, defined over a number field $k$, let $P$ be a section of $E$, and let $\ell$ be a rational prime. For any non-singular fibre $E_t$, we bound the number of points $Q$ on $E_t$ of (algebraic) degree at most $D$ over $k$, such that $\ell^n Q=P_t$, for some $n\geq 1$. The bound obtained depends only on $\ell$, the surface and section in question, $D$, and the degree $[k(t):k]$; that is, it is uniform across all fibres of bounded degree. In special cases, we obtain more specific, in some instances sharp, bounds.

Geometric and arithmetic aspects of rational elliptic surfaces

PhD dissertation consists in three lines of investigation involving rational elliptic surfaces, namely 1) a study of conic bundles on these surfaces; 2) an investigation of the possible intersection numbers of two sections and 3) a theorem regarding the set of fibers whose Mordell-Weil ranks are at least 3 units higher than the generic rank of the elliptic fibration.

Large unions of generalized integral sections on elliptic surfaces

Let $f \colon X \to B$ be a nonisotrivial complex elliptic surface and let $\mathcal{D} \subset X$ be an integral divisor dominating $B$. We study finiteness related properties of generalized $(S, \mathcal{D})$-integral sections $σ\colon B \to X$ of $X$. These integral sections $σ$ correspond to rational points in $A(K)$ which satisfy the set-theoretic condition $f ( σ(B) \cap \mathcal{D})\subset S$, where $S \subset B$ is an arbitrary given subset. For $S \subset B$ finite, the set of $(S, \mathcal{D})$-integral sections of $X$ is finite by the well-known Siegel theorem. In this article, we e…

Multiplicities of the Betti map associated to a section of an elliptic surface from a differential-geometric perspective

For the study of the Mordell-Weil group of an elliptic curve ${\bf E}$ over a complex function field of a projective curve $B$, the first author introduced the use of differential-geometric methods arising from Kähler metrics on $\mathcal H \times \mathbb C$ invariant under the action of the semi-direct product ${\rm SL}(2,\mathbb R) \ltimes \mathbb R^2$. To a properly chosen geometric model $π: \mathcal E \to B$ of ${\bf E}$ as an elliptic surface and a non-torsion holomorphic section $σ: B \to \mathcal E$ there is an associated ``verticality'' $η_σ$ of $σ$ related to the locally defined Bett…

Birational boundedness of low dimensional elliptic Calabi-Yau varieties with a section

We prove that there are finitely many families, up to isomorphism in codimension one, of elliptic Calabi-Yau manifolds $Y\rightarrow X$ with a rational section, provided that $\dim(Y)\leq 5$ and $Y$ is not of product-type. As a consequence, we obtain that there are finitely many possibilities for the Hodge diamond of such manifolds. The result follows from log birational boundedness of klt pairs $(X, Δ)$ with $K_X+Δ$ numerically trivial and not of product-type, in dimension at most $4$.

Density of rational points on isotrivial rational elliptic surfaces

For a large class of isotrivial rational elliptic surfaces (with section), we show that the set of rational points is dense for the Zariski topology, by carefully studying variations of root numbers among the fibers of these surfaces. We also prove that these surfaces satisfy a variant of weak-weak approximation. Our results are conditional on the finiteness of Tate-Shafarevich groups for elliptic curves over the field of rational numbers.

A note on a question of Shioda about integral sections

We consider a rational elliptic surface with a relatively minimal fibration. We compute the number of integral sections in the above rational elliptic surface. As an application, we obtain an estimate of polynomial solutions of some equations.

The divisibility by 2 of rational points on elliptic curves

We give a simple proof of the well-known divisibility by 2 condition for rational points on elliptic curves with rational 2-torsion. As an application of the explicit division by $2^n$ formulas obtained in Sec.2, we construct versal families of elliptic curves containing points of orders 4, 5, 6, and 8 from which we obtain an explicit description of elliptic curves over certain finite fields $\mathbb{F}_q$ with a prescribed (small) group $E(\mathbb{F}_q)$. In the last two sections we study 3- and 5-torsion. This paper supercedes arXiv:1605.09279 [math.NT] .

双椭圆对数的单演群

Monodromy of double elliptic logarithms

本文确定了椭圆概形纤维积中阿贝尔对数的相对单演群，推广了André及Corvaja-Zannier的结果，并猜想任意相对维数情形的类似结论。

On Parshin-Arakelov theorem and uniformity of $S$-integral sections on elliptic surfaces

Let $f \colon X \to B$ be a complex elliptic surface and let $\DD \subset X$ be an integral divisor dominating $B$. It is well-known that the Parshin-Arakelov theorem implies the Mordell conjecture over complex function fields by a beautiful covering trick of Parshin. In this article, we construct a similar map in the context of $(S, \DD)$-integral points on elliptic curves over function fields to obtain a new proof of certain uniform finiteness results on the number of $(S, \DD)$-integral points. A second new proof is also given by establishing a uniform bound on the canonical height by means…

Reconstruction of general elliptic K3 surfaces from their Gromov-Hausdorff limits

We show that a general elliptic K3 surface with a section is determined uniquely by its discriminant, which is a configuration of 24 points on the projective line. It follows that a general elliptic K3 surface with a section can be reconstructed from its Gromov-Hausdorff limit as the volume of the fiber goes to zero.

具有有理截面的椭圆卡拉比-丘簇的有界性

Boundedness of elliptic Calabi-Yau varieties with a rational section

本文证明了在典范类挠指数有界且椭圆纤维化具有有理截面的条件下，固定维数的 klt 椭圆卡拉比-丘簇在余维一内有界，并将三维情形推广到有理连通的 ε-lc 对。

极端椭圆曲面与无穷小Torelli定理

Extremal elliptic surfaces & Infinitesimal Torelli

该研究用j不变量刻画了满足特定上同调条件且Mordell-Weil群有限的带截面椭圆曲面，并完整解决了P^1上这类椭圆曲面的无穷小Torelli问题。

Elliptic K3 surfaces with abelian and dihedral groups of symplectic automorphisms

We analyze K3 surfaces admitting an elliptic fibration $E$ and a finite group $G$ of symplectic automorphisms preserving this elliptic fibration. We construct the quotient elliptic fibration $E/G$ comparing its properties to the ones of $E$. We show that if $E$ admits an $n$-torsion section, its quotient by the group of automorphisms induced by this section admits again an $n$-torsion section. Considering automorphisms coming from the base of the fibration, we can describe the Mordell--Weil lattice of a fibration described by Kloosterman. We give the isometries between lattices described by th…

Rational curves on elliptic surfaces

We prove that a very general elliptic surface $\mathcal{E}\to\mathbb{P}^1$ over the complex numbers with a section and with geometric genus $p_g\ge2$ contains no rational curves other than the section and components of singular fibers. Equivalently, if $E/\mathbb{C}(t)$ is a very general elliptic curve of height $d\ge3$ and if $L$ is a finite extension of $\mathbb{C}(t)$ with $L\cong\mathbb{C}(u)$, then the Mordell-Weil group $E(L)=0$.

Log canonical models of elliptic surfaces

We give a classification of the log canonical models of elliptic surface pairs consisting of an elliptic fibration, a section, and a weighted sum of marked fibers. In particular, we show how the log canonical models depend on the choice of the weights. We describe a wall and chamber decomposition of the space of weights based on how the log canonical model changes. In addition, we give a generalized formula for the canonical bundle of an elliptic surface with section and marked fibers. This is the first step in constructing compactifcations of moduli spaces of elliptic surfaces using the minim…

Elliptic K3 surfaces admitting a Shioda-Inose structure

We study elliptic K3 surfaces with Mordell Weil rank 0, and which has a 2-torsion section $σ$ such that the translation by $σ$ gives a Shioda-Inose structure.

Higher Noether-Lefschetz loci of elliptic surfaces

We calculate the dimension of the locus of elliptic surfaces over P^1 with a section and a given Picard number, in the corresponding moduli space.

与 G(2,5) 中椭圆曲线相关的相容泊松括号

Compatible Poisson Brackets Associated with Elliptic Curves in $G(2,5)$

本文证明了 P^4 上与 G(2,5) 线性截面椭圆曲线相关的一对 Feigin-Odesskii 泊松括号相容的充要条件是这对椭圆曲线包含于 G(2,5) 的线性截面 del Pezzo 曲面中。

有理椭圆面与六个奇异双纤维

Rational elliptic surfaces with six singular double fibres

本文研究具有六个奇异双纤维的有理椭圆面，通过多种视角进行分类并给出构造方法。

On Families of Rational Elliptic Surfaces with J-Invariant Functions of Degree One

This paper deals with a study of the rational elliptic surfaces whose $J$-invariant functions are of degree one. Almost all of these elliptic surfaces have four singular fibers, while the remaining surfaces have only three singular fibers. The moduli space of these elliptic surfaces is canonically isomorphic to the projective line by taking the $J$-values for a certain fixed type of singular fibers. Over the moduli space, we discuss our elliptic surfaces, and investigate how their sections are described by the parameter of the moduli space. By using a covering space of the moduli, we construct…

Topological types of real regular jacobian elliptic surfaces

We present the topological classification of real parts of real regular elliptic surfaces with a real section.

Tate Trees for Elliptic Fibrations with Rank one Mordell-Weil group

U(1) symmetries play a central role in constructing phenomenologically viable F-theory compactifications that realize Grand Unified Theories (GUTs). In F-theory, gauge symmetries with abelian gauge factors are modeled by singular elliptic fibrations with additional rational sections, i.e. a non-trivial Mordell-Weil rank. To determine the full scope of possible low energy theories with abelian gauge factors, which allow for an F-theory realization, it is central to obtain a comprehensive list of all singular elliptic fibrations with extra sections. We answer this question for the case of one ab…

具有多重纤维的椭圆曲面紧致模空间

Compact moduli of elliptic surfaces with a multiple fiber

本文受Miranda和Ascher--Bejleri启发，研究具有多重纤维的椭圆曲面紧致模空间的构造与边界，重点分析无截面有理椭圆曲面和Dolgachev曲面，通过Q-Gorenstein光滑化理解多重纤维退化为加法型奇异纤维时的极限曲面。

The Neron-Tate pairing and elliptic K3 surfaces

In this paper, we demonstrate a connection between the group structure and Neron-Tate pairing on elliptic curves in an elliptic fibration with section on a K3 surface, and the structure of the ample cone for the K3 surface. Part of the result can be thought of as a case of the specialization theorem.

Twisted Fourier-Mukai transforms and bundles on non-Kahler elliptic surfaces

In this paper, we study holomorphic rank-2 vector bundles on non-K\" ahler elliptic surfaces. Our main tool for analysing these bundles is of course the spectral cover. However, given the non-Kähler condition, the elliptic surfaces we are considering do not have sections and gerbes naturally arise in this context. The spectral construction presented in this paper is a modification of the Fourier-Mukai transform for elliptic fibrations without a section. After examining some of the properties of this Fourier-Mukai transform, we give a complete classification of vector bundles on these surfaces.

正则椭圆曲面的无理性次数

Degree of irrationality of properly elliptic surfaces

本文研究带截面正则椭圆曲面的无理性次数，给出其上下界，分析其在模空间中的性质，还研究χ(𝒪_S)=0的情况及不带截面的特殊正则椭圆曲面。

Elliptic Calabi-Yau threefolds over a del Pezzo surface

We consider certain elliptic threefolds over the projective plane (more generally over certain rational surfaces) with a section in Weierstrass normal form. In particular, over a del Pezzo surface of degree 8, these elliptic threefolds are Calabi-Yau threefolds. We will discuss especially the generating functions of Gromov-Witten and Gopakumar-Vafa invariants.

Elliptic Fibrations on Supersingular K3 Surface with Artin Invariant 1 in characteristic 3

We describe all the elliptic models with section on the Shioda supersingular K3 surface X of Artin invariant 1 over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 3. In particular, we compute elliptic parameters and Weierstrass equations for the fifty two different fibrations, and analyze the reducible fibers and Mordell-Weil lattices.

Moore Matrices and Ulrich Bundles on an Elliptic Curve

We give normal forms of determinantal representations of a smooth projective plane cubic in terms of Moore matrices. Building on this, we exhibit matrix factorizations for all indecomposable vector bundles of rank 2 and degree 0 without nonzero sections, also called Ulrich bundles, on such curves.

Fields of definition of elliptic fibrations on covers of certain extremal rational elliptic surfaces

We study K3 surfaces over a number field $k$ which are double covers of extremal rational elliptic surfaces. We provide a list of all elliptic fibrations on certain K3 surfaces together with the degree of a field extension over which each genus one fibration is defined and admits a section. We show that the latter depends, in general, on the action of the cover involution on the fibers of the genus 1 fibration.

F-Theory Compactifications with Multiple U(1)-Factors: Constructing Elliptic Fibrations with Rational Sections

We study F-theory compactifications with U(1)xU(1) gauge symmetry on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds with a rank two Mordell-Weil group. We find that the natural presentation of an elliptic curve E with two rational points and a zero point is the generic Calabi-Yau onefold in dP_2. We determine the birational map to its Tate and Weierstrass form and the coordinates of the two rational points in Weierstrass form. We discuss its resolved elliptic fibrations over a general base B and classify them in the case of B=P^2. A thorough analysis of the generic codimension two singularities of …

Connected components of the moduli of elliptic K3 surfaces

The combinatorial type of an elliptic K3 surface with a zero section is the pair of the ADE -type of singular fibers and the torsion part of the Mordell-Weil group. We determine the set of connected components of the moduli of elliptic K3 surfaces with fixed combinatorial type. Our method relies on the theory of Miranda and Morrison on the structure of a genus of even indefinite lattices, and computer-aided calculations of p-adic quadratic forms.

Elliptic curves and rank-2 vector bundles on the prime Fano threefold of genus 7

According to Mukai, any prime Fano threefold X of genus 7 is a linear section of the spinor tenfold in the projectivized half-spinor space of Spin(10). It is proven that the moduli space of stable rank-2 vector bundles with Chern classes c_1=1,c_2=5 on a generic X is isomorphic to the curve of genus 7 obtained by taking an orthogonal linear section of the spinor tenfold. This is an inverse of Mukai's result on the isomorphism of a non-abelian Brill--Noether locus on a curve of genus 7 to a Fano threefold of genus 7. An explicit geometric construction of both isomorphisms and a similar result f…

The moduli space of rational elliptic surfaces

We show that the moduli space of rational elliptic surfaces admitting a section is locally a complex hyperbolic variety of dimension eight. We compare its Satake-Baily-Borel compactification with a compactification obtained by means of geometric invariant theory, considered by Miranda.

Strange Duality for elliptic surfaces

The main result of the present paper is the proof of the Strange Duality for elliptic surfaces -- a duality between global sections of determinantal line bundles on moduli spaces of stable sheaves on a fixed elliptic surface. For this, we employ the "Marian-Oprea trick": using Bridgeland's birational isomorphisms, we reduce the problem from a pair of general moduli spaces to a pair of Hilbert schemes. The latter case is a theorem by Marian-Oprea.