D. Arinkin, A. Borodin
We show that difference Painleve equations can be interpreted as isomorphisms of moduli spaces of d-connections on the projective line with given singularity structure. We also derive a new difference equation. It is the most general difference Painleve equation known so far, and it degenerates to both difference Painleve V and classical (differential) Painleve VI equations.
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Summary of main work 1999-2012
This paper applies methods of Van der Put and Van derPut-Saito to the fourth Painlevé equation. One obtains a Riemann--Hilbert correspondence between moduli spaces of rank two connections on $\mathbb{P}^1$ and moduli spaces for the monodromy data. The moduli spaces for these connections are identified with Okamoto--Painlevé varieties and the Painlevé property follows. For an explicit computation of the full group of Bäcklund transformations, rank three connections on $\mathbb{P}^1$ are introduced, inspired by the symmetric form for ${\rm PIV}$ as was studied by M. Noumi and Y. Yamada.
In this paper, we give a systematic construction of ten isomonodromic families of connections of rank two on $\mathbb{P}^1$ inducing Painlevé equations. The classification of ten families is given by considering the Riemann-Hilbert morphism from a moduli space of connections with certain type of regular and irregular singularities to a corresponding catetorical moduli space of analytic data (i.e., ordinary monodromy, Stokes matrices and links), which is called the monodromy space. Explicit equations of the monodromy spaces for ten families are calculated. Moreover, we obtain natural explicit f…
In this paper, we show that the family of moduli spaces of $\balpha'$-stable $(\bt, \blambda)$-parabolic $ϕ$-connections of rank 2 over $\BP^1$ with 4-regular singular points and the fixed determinant bundle of degree -1 is isomorphic to the family of Okamoto--Painlevé pairs introduced by Okamoto \cite{O1} and \cite{STT02}. We also discuss about the generalization of our theory to the case where the rank of the connections and genus of the base curve are arbitrary. Defining isomonodromic flows on the family of moduli space of stable parabolic connections via the Riemann-Hilbert correspondences…
In this paper, we will give a complete geometric background for the geometry of Painlevé $VI$ and Garnier equations. By geometric invariant theory, we will construct a smooth coarse moduli space $M_n^{\balpha}(\bt, \blambda, L) $ of stable parabolic connection on $\BP^1$ with logarithmic poles at $D(\bt) = t_1 + ... + t_n$ as well as its natural compactification. Moreover the moduli space $\cR(\cP_{n, \bt})_{\ba}$ of Jordan equivalence classes of $SL_2(\C)$-representations of the fundamental group $π_1(\BP^1 \setminus D(\bt),\ast)$ are defined as the categorical quotient. We define the Riemann…
Floer-theoretic filtration on Painlevé Hitchin systems
本文分类 Painlevé 方程对应 Higgs 丛模空间的等变 $\mathbb{C}^*$ 作用，计算其上同调的 Floer 理论滤过，并证明其在所有二维情形中与幂零锥分量重数滤过一致。
A Lamé connection is a logarithmic $\mathrm{sl}(2,\mathbb C)$-connection $(E,\nabla)$ over an elliptic curve $X:\{y^2=x(x-1)(x-t)\}$, $t\not=0,1$, having a single pole at infinity. When this connection is irreducible, we show that it is invariant by the standart involution and can be pushed down as a logarithmic $\mathrm{sl}(2,\mathbb C)$-connection over $\mathbb P^1$ with poles at $0$, $1$, $t$ and $\infty$. Therefore, the isomonodromic deformation $(E_t,\nabla_t)$ of an irreducible Lamé connection, when the elliptic curve $X_t$ varry in the Legendre family, is parametrized by a solution $q(t…
We construct infinitely many non-isotrivial families of abelian varieties over given four punctured projective lines. These families lead to algebraic solutions of Painleve VI equation. Finally, based on a recent paper by Lin-Sheng-Wang, we prove a complete characterization for the locus of motivic Higgs bundles in the moduli space as fixed points of an ``additive'' self-map. This is a note based on the lecture given by the second named author on 04 Nov. 2022 at Tsinghua University.
We define a moduli space of stable regular singular parabolic connections of spectral type on smooth projective curves and show the smoothness of the moduli space and give a relative symplectic structure on the moduli space. Moreover, we define the isomonodromic deformation on this moduli space and prove the geometric Painlevé property of the isomonodromic deformation.
The paper is about a Painlevé III equation and its relation to isomonodromic families of vector bundles on P^1 with meromorphic connections. The purpose of the paper is two-fold: it offers a conceptual language for the geometrical objects underlying Painlevé equations, and it offers new results on a particular Painlevé III equation, which we denote by P_{III}(0,0,4,-4). This is equivalent to the radial sine (or sinh) Gordon equation and, as such, it appears very widely in geometry and physics. Complex multi-valued solutions on C^* are the natural context for most of the paper, but in the last …
Rank three representations of Painleve systems: III. Dolbeault structure, spectral correspondence
本文证明 Painlevé 系统秩 2 与秩 3 表示在 Dolbeault 复结构下全纯辛同构，并结合 de Rham 描述确立相应模空间的超 Kähler 等距性。
Our goal is to show that the one-interval gap probability for the q-Hahn orthogonal polynomial ensemble can be expressed through a solution of the asymmetric q-Painleve V equation. The case of the q-Hahn ensemble we consider is the most general case of the orthogonal polynomial ensembles that have been studied. Our approach is based on the analysis of q-connections on the Riemann sphere with a particular singularity structure. It requires a new derivation of a q-difference equation of Sakai's hierarchy of type A_{2}^{(1)}. We also calculate its Lax pair.
Lecture 1. Algebraic properties of correlators in 2D topological field theory. Moduli of a 2D TFT and WDVV equations of associativity. Lecture 2. Equations of associativity and Frobenius manifolds. Deformed flat connection and its monodromy at the origin. Lecture 3. Semisimplicity and canonical coordinates. Lecture 4. Classification of semisimple Frobenius manifolds. Lecture 5. Monodromy group and mirror construction for semisimple Frobenius manifolds.
We study critical behaviour and connection problem for a Painleve' 6 equation. We construct solutions of WDVV eqs. using the isomonodromic deformation method and the Painleve' equations. We find algebraic solutions of WDVV and Gromov-Witten invariants of projective space.
We introduce the tau-function of a rational d-connection and its isomonodromy transformations. We show that in a continuous limit our tau-function agrees with the Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno tau-function, compute the tau-function for the isomonodromy transformations leading to difference Painleve V and difference Painleve VI equations, and prove that the gap probability for a wide class of discrete random matrix type models can be viewed as the tau-function for an associated d-connection.
We look at natural foliations on the Painlevé VI moduli space of regular connections of rank 2 on $\pp ^1 -{t_1,t_2,t_3,t_4}$. These foliations are fibrations, and are interpreted in terms of the nonabelian Hodge filtration, giving a proof of the nonabelian Hodge foliation conjecture in this case. Two basic kinds of fibrations arise: from apparent singularities, and from quasiparabolic bundles. We show that these are transverse. Okamoto's additional symmetry, which may be seen as Katz's middle convolution, exchanges the quasiparabolic and apparent-singularity foliations.
We will describe a method for constructing explicit algebraic solutions to the sixth Painleve equation, generalising that of Dubrovin-Mazzocco. There are basically two steps: First we explain how to construct finite braid group orbits of triples of elements of SL_2(C) out of triples of generators of three-dimensional complex reflection groups. (This involves the Fourier-Laplace transform for certain irregular connections.) Then we adapt a result of Jimbo to produce the Painleve VI solutions. (In particular this solves a Riemann-Hilbert problem explicitly.) Each step will be illustrated using t…
Moduli space of rank three logarithmic connections on the projective line with three poles
本文刻画了射影直线上带三个极点的秩三抛物对数联络模空间，证明其与 Sakai 分类中的 $A^{(1)*}_2$-曲面族同构，并借此揭示了表观奇点与底层抛物丛的关系。
Multisummation provides a transparent description of Stokes matrices which is reviewed here together with some applications. Examples of moduli spaces for Stokes matrices are computed and discussed. A moduli space for a third Painlevé equation is made explicit. It is shown that the monodromy identity, relating the topological monodromy and Stokes matrices, is useful for some quantum differential equations and for confluent generalized hypergeometric equations.
We present a general scheme to derive higher-order members of the Painleve VI (PVI) hierarchy of ODE's as well as their difference analogues. The derivation is based on a discrete structure that sits on the background of the PVI equation and that consists of a system of partial difference equations on a multidimensional lattice. The connection with the isomonodromic Garnier systems is discussed.
It is proved that the Painlevé VI equation $(PVI_{\al,\be,\ga,\de})$ for the special values of constants $(\al=\frac{ν^2}{4},\be=-\frac{ν^2}{4}, \ga=\frac{ν^2}{4},\de=\f1{2}-\frac{ν^2}{4})$ is a reduced hamiltonian system. Its phase space is the set of flat $SL(2,C)$ connections over elliptic curves with a marked point and time of the system is given by the elliptic module. This equation can be derived via reduction procedure from the free infinite hamiltonian system. The phase space of later is the affine space of smooth connections and the "times are the Beltrami differentials. This approach…
In this paper we construct a coarse moduli scheme of stable unramified irregular singular parabolic connections on a smooth projective curve and prove that the constructed moduli space is smooth and has a symplectic structure. Moreover we will construct the moduli space of generalized monodromy data coming from topological monodromies, formal monodromies, links and Stokes data associated to the generic irregular connections. We will prove that for a generic choice of generalized local exponents, the generalized Riemann-Hilbert correspondence from the moduli space of the connections to the modu…
In this paper, we study the moduli spaces of parabolic connections with a quadratic differential. We endow these moduli spaces with symplectic structures by using the fundamental 2-forms on the moduli spaces of parabolic connections (which are phase spaces of isomonodromic deformation systems). Moreover, we see that the moduli spaces of parabolic connections with a quadratic differential are equipped with structures of twisted cotangent bundles.
Let $(C,\bt)$ ($\bt=(t_1,...,t_n)$) be an $n$-pointed smooth projective curve of genus $g$ and take an element $\blambda=(λ^{(i)}_j)\in\C^{nr}$ such that $-\sum_{i,j}λ^{(i)}_j=d\in\mathbf{Z}$. For a weight $\balpha$, let $M_C^{\balpha}(\bt,\blambda)$ be the moduli space of $\balpha$-stable $(\bt,\blambda)$-parabolic connections on $C$ and let $RP_r(C,\bt)_{\ba}$ be the moduli space of representations of the fundamental group $π_1(C\setminus\{t_1,...,t_n\},*)$ with the local monodromy data $\ba$ for a certain $\ba\in\C^{nr}$. Then we prove that the morphism $\RH:M_C^{\balpha}(\bt,\blambda)\righ…
Moduli spaces of framed logarithmic and parabolic connections on a Riemann surface
该研究构造了黎曼曲面上带标架的对数联络与抛物联络的模空间，证明其具有自然代数辛结构，并给出抛物联络模空间正则函数代数超越次数的上界。
In this paper, we treat moduli spaces of parabolic connections. We take étale coverings of the moduli spaces, and we construct a Hamiltonian structure of an algebraic vector field determined by the isomonodromic deformation for each étale morphism.
A remark on the Moduli of parabolic connections
本文研究亏格至少为3的紧Riemann曲面上有理一般权重抛物联络的模空间，确定底层抛物丛稳定情形的周群，并讨论其有理性与有理连通性。
Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface of genus $g \geq 3$. We consider the moduli space of holomorphic connections over $X$ and the moduli space of logarithmic connections singular over a finite subset of $X$ with fixed residues. We determine the Chow group of these moduli spaces. We compute the global sections of the sheaves of differential operators on ample line bundles and their symmetric powers over these moduli spaces, and show that they are constant under certain condition. We show the Torelli type theorem for the moduli space of logarithmic connections. We also describe the rational con…
We describe some results on moduli space of logarithmic connections equipped with framings on a $n$-pointed compact Riemann surface.
We study GL(2)-bundles with connections with a small parameter on a smooth projective curve. We describe an open subset in the moduli space of such bundles. The description degenerates into the Hitchin fibration as the parameter tends to zero.
We introduce the notion of factorized ramified structure on a generic ramified irregular singular connection on a smooth projective curve. By using the deformation theory of connections with factorized ramified structure, we construct a canonical 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections. Since the factorized ramified structure provides a duality on the tangent space of the moduli space, the 2-form becomes nondegenerate. We prove that the 2-form on the moduli space of ramified connections is d-closed via constructing an unfolding of the moduli space. Based on the Stokes data, we intro…
The Determinant of Cohomology and Moduli of $λ$-Connections
本文研究了通过余子式余子式线丛的Atiyah藻酸盐对偶来理解稳定丛的Hodge-Deligne模空间。
In this paper, we investigate the apparent singularities and the dual parameters of rank 2 parabolic connections on $\mathbb{P}^1$ and rank 2 (parabolic) Higgs bundle on $\mathbb{P}^1$. Then we obtain explicit descriptions of Zariski open sets of the moduli space of the parabolic connections and the moduli space of the Higgs bundles. For $n=5$, we can give global descriptions of the moduli spaces in detail.
Birational description of moduli spaces of rank 2 logarithmic connections
本文通过分析抛物丛和表观奇点，证明射影空间与抛物丛模空间乘积的 Zariski 开子集可为秩2抛物对数联络模空间提供 Darboux 坐标，从而给出其双有理描述。
We are interested in studying moduli spaces of rank 2 logarithmic connections on elliptic curves having two poles. To do so, we investigate certain logarithmic rank 2 connections defined on the Riemann sphere and a transformation rule to lift such connections to an elliptic curve. The transformation is as follows: given an elliptic curve $C$ with elliptic quotient $π\colon C\to{\mathbb P}^1$, and the logarithmic connection $(E,\nabla)$ on ${\mathbb P}^1$, we may pullback the connection to the elliptic curve to obtain a new connection $(π^*E, π^*\nabla)$ on $C$. After suitable birational modifi…
Line bundles on the moduli space of Lie algebroid connections over a curve
本研究探究紧黎曼曲面上全纯李代数胚联络模空间的代数几何性质，构造其光滑紧化并给出边界除子数值有效判据，计算皮卡群、分析相关阿蒂亚丛，证明部分联络空间上正则函数为常数，还探讨了模空间的有理连通性。
We study the moduli space of logarithmic connections of rank 2 on the Riemann sphere minus n points with fixed spectral data. There are two natural Lagrangian maps: one towards apparent singularities of the associated fuchsian scalar equation, and another one towards moduli of parabolic bundles. We show that these are transversal and dual to each other. In case n=5, we recover the beautiful geometry of Del Pezzo surfaces of degree 4.
Brauer group of moduli of stable parabolic $\text{SL}(r,\mathbb{C})$ and $\text{PGL}(r,\mathbb{C})$-connections and Higgs bundles over a curve
本文研究了稳定抛物SL(C)连接和Higgs包的模空间的Brauer群，并建立了稳定抛物PGL(C)连接模堆与粗模空间光滑部分的Brauer群相等性。
We give an algebraic construction of the moduli space of irregular singular connections of generic ramified type on a smooth projective curve. We prove that the moduli space is smooth and give its dimension. Under the assumption that the exponent of ramified type is generic, we give an algebraic symplectic form on the moduli space.
This is a note in which we first review symmetries of moduli spaces of stable meromorphic connections on trivial vector bundles over the Riemann sphere, and next discuss symmetries of their integrable deformations as an application. In the study of the symmetries, a realization of the moduli spaces as quiver varieties is given and plays an essential role.
We give some concrete examples of moduli spaces of connections. Precisely, we explain how to explicitly construct the moduli spaces of rank 2 fuchsian systems and logarithmic connections on the Riemann sphere with 4 poles. The former ones are affine cubic surfaces; the latter ones are analytically isomorphic to affine surfaces but not algebraically: they do not carry non constant regular functions. We end with some remark on arbitrary number of poles.
We give an explicit finite-dimensional model for the derived moduli stack of flat connections on $\mathbb{C}^k$ with logarithmic singularities along a weighted homogeneous Saito free divisor. We investigate in detail the case of plane curves of the form $x^p = y^q$ and relate the moduli spaces to the Grothendieck-Springer resolution. We also discuss the shifted Poisson geometry of these moduli spaces. Namely, we conjecture that the map restricting a logarithmic connection to the complement of the divisor admits a shifted coisotropic structure and we construct a shifted Poisson structure on the…
Given a compact Riemann surface $X$ and a semisimple affine algebraic group $G$ defined over $\mathbb C$, there are moduli spaces of Higgs bundles and of connections associated to $(X,\, G)$. We compute the Brauer group of the smooth locus of these varieties.
In this article, we consider the connection problem of the KZ (Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov) equation on the moduli space $\cM_{0,5}$, and show that the connection matrices are expressed in terms of the Drinfel'd associator. As the compatibility condition on the connection problem, we have the pentagon relation for the Drinfeld associators. As an application of the connection problem, we derive the five term relation for dilogarithms.
Algebraic-geometrical formulation of two-dimensional quantum gravity
在双穿孔Riemann曲面的模空间上找到了一种体积形式，其积分满足二维引力比热亏格展开式的Painlevé I递推关系.这使我们能够表达的渐近展开的比热作为一个积分的无限维模空间的精神，Friedan-Shenker方法。我们概述了这样的递归关系使用Duistermaat-Heckman定理的几何推导。
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