Christopher Voll
In this paper we compute the subgroup zeta functions of nilpotent semi-direct products of groups of the form $$G_n=<x_1,...,x_n,y_1,...,y_{n-1}|[x_i,x_n]=y_i, 1\leq i\leq n-1, \text{all other $[,]$ trivial}>$$ and deduce local functional equations.
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Finite groups with some particular maximal invariant subgroups being nilpotent or all non-nilpotent maximal invariant subgroups being normal
本文分类了在互素自同构群作用下、含某不变 Sylow 子群正规化子的极大不变子群均为幂零的有限群，并证明该条件等价于所有非幂零极大不变子群均正规。
Let G be a profinite group. The following results are proved. The commutator subgroup G' is finite if and only if G is covered by countably many abelian subgroups. The group G is finite-by-nilpotent if and only if G is covered by countably many nilpotent subgroups. The main result is that the commutator subgroup G' is finite-by-nilpotent if and only if the set of commutators in G is covered by countably many nilpotent subgroups.
Following J.S. Rose, a subgroup H of a group G is said contranormal in G if G = H^G . In a certain sense, contranormal subgroups are antipodes to subnormal subgroups. It is well known that a finite group is nilpotent if and only if it has no proper contranormal subgroups. We prove that a nilpotent-by-finite group with no proper contranormal subgroup is nilpotent. There are locally nilpotent groups with a proper contranormal subgroup. We study the structure of hypercentral groups with a finite proper contranormal subgroup.
Counting in nilpotent injectors and Carter subgroups
本文考察有限可解群及 ${\mathcal N}$-约束群中，包含给定子群的幂零内射子与幂零投影子族的数论计数性质。
A subgroup of a finite group is wide if each prime divisor of the group order divides the subgroup order. We obtain the description of finite soluble groups with no wide subgroups. We also prove that a finite soluble group with nilpotent wide subgroups has the quotient group by its hypercenter with no wide subgroups.
Among other things, we prove that the group of automorphisms fixing every normal subgroup of a nilpotent-by-abelian group is nilpotent-by-metabelian. In particular, the group of automorphisms fixing every normal subgroup of a metabelian group is soluble of derived length at most 3. An example shows that this bound cannot be improved.
This paper studies effective separability for subgroups of finitely generated nilpotent groups and more broadly effective subgroup separability of finitely generated nilpotent groups. We provide upper and lower bounds that are polynomial with respect to the logarithm of the word length for infinite index subgroups of nilpotent groups. In the case of normal subgroups, we provide an exact computation generalizing work of the second author. We introduce a function that quantifies subgroup separability, and we provide polynomial upper and lower bounds. We finish by demonstrating that our results e…
We show that every finite group $G$ of size at least $3$ has a nilpotent subgroup of class at most $2$ and size at least $|G|^{1/32\log\log|G|}$. This answers a question of Pyber, and is essentially best possible.
In this paper, we show that a locally graded group with a finite number m of non-(nilpotent of class at most n) subgroups is (soluble of class at most [log2(n)] + m + 3)-by-(finite of order $\le$ m!). Also we show that the derived length of a soluble group with a finite number m of non-(nilpotent of class at most n) subgroups, is at most [log2(n)] + m + 1.
Let $F_{2,d}$ denote the free class-2-nilpotent group on $d$ generators. We compute the normal zeta functions $ζ^\triangleleft_{F_{2,d}}(s)$, prove that they satisfy local functional equations and determine their abscissae of convergence and pole orders.
We solve the following algorithmic problems using TC0 circuits, or in logspace and quasilinear time, uniformly in the class of nilpotent groups with bounded nilpotency class and rank: subgroup conjugacy, computing the normalizer and isolator of a subgroup, coset intersection, and computing the torsion subgroup. Additionally, if any input words are provided in compressed form as straight-line programs or in Mal'cev coordinates the algorithms run in quartic time.
A maximal abelian normal subgroup A in a nilpotent group N is self-centralizing. This makes their role an important one in determining the structure of the nilpotent group. For example if A is finite then N is also finite. In the free nilpotent group of class 2 such a group is always a cyclic extension of the center. However this need not be true in an arbitrary finitely generated class two nilpotent group. We show that three generator nilpotent groups violating this condition can be easily found. However in the case when there are four or more generators certain conditions must hold.
We observe that automorphism groups of right-angled Artin groups contain nilpotent non-abelian subgroups, namely $H_3(\mathbb{Z})$ the three-dimensional integer Heisenberg group, provided they admit a certain type of element, called an adjacent transvection. This represents a (minor) extension of a result of Charney-Vogtmann.
We study the class of groups having the property that every non-nilpotent subgroup is equal to its normalizer. These groups are either soluble or perfect. We completely describe the structure of soluble groups and finite perfect groups with the above property. Furthermore, we give some structural information in the infinite perfect case.
We investigate some situation in which automorphisms of a group G are uniquely determined by their restrictions to a proper subgroup H. Much of the paper is devoted to studying under which additional hypotheses this property forces G to be nilpotent if H is. As an application we prove that certain countably infinite locally nilpotent groups have uncountably many (outer) automorphisms.
A Schmidt group is a non-nilpotent group whose every proper subgroup is nilpotent. We study the properties of a non-nilpotent group G in which every Schmidt subgroup is a Hall subgroup of G.
Locally graded groups with all non-nilpotent subgroups permutable, II
本文研究局部分次群中所有非幂零子群均可置换的条件，证明该类群必为可解群，并将问题归结为周期群情形。
Class numbers and nilpotent subgroups of $\mathrm{PGL}(2,q)$
本文证明对于某些奇素数幂 $q$，$\mathrm{PGL}(2,q)$ 的共轭类数大于其最大幂零子群的阶，从而否定了 Liebeck 和 Pyber 的一个问题。
Let $G$ be a finite group and $p$ a fixed prime divisor of $|G|$. Combining the nilpotence, the normality and the order of groups together, we prove that if every maximal subgroup of $G$ is nilpotent or normal or has $p'$-order, then (1) $G$ is solvable; (2) $G$ has a Sylow tower; (3) There exists at most one prime divisor $q$ of $|G|$ such that $G$ is neither $q$-nilpotent nor $q$-closed, where $q\neq p$.
Groups whose non-normal subgroups are either nilpotent or minimal non-nilpotent
本文定义了meta-$\mathfrak{Nil}$-Hamilton群与para-$\mathfrak{Nil}$-Hamilton群，并研究了有限生成情况下这两类群的结构性质。
Finite solvable groups with a nilpotent normal complement subgroup
本文研究有限可解群中非正规无核子群的结构，证明在特定正规化子条件下，该子群存在幂零正规补，且相关构造形成Frobenius群。
Brauer character degrees and nilpotent subgroups
该研究解决了陈与纳瓦罗提出的关于布饶尔特征标和幂零子群的问题，在G/N可解且H/N幂零的条件下，证明了H的不可约ℓ-布饶尔特征标可提升为G的对应特征标，且满足次数整除关系。
We consider factorizations of a finite group $G$ into conjugate subgroups, $G=A^{x_{1}}\cdots A^{x_{k}}$ for $A\leq G$ and $x_{1},\ldots ,x_{k}\in G$, where $A$ is nilpotent or solvable. First we exploit the split $BN$-pair structure of finite simple groups of Lie type to give a unified self-contained proof that every such group is a product of four or three unipotent Sylow subgroups. Then we derive an upper bound on the minimal length of a solvable conjugate factorization of a general finite group. Finally, using conjugate factorizations of a general finite solvable group by any of its Carter…
The pro-isomorphic zeta function of a torsion-free finitely generated nilpotent group G enumerates finite index subgroups H such that H and G have isomorphic profinite completions. It admits an Euler product decomposition, indexed by the rational primes. We manufacture the first example of a torsion-free finitely generated nilpotent group G such that the local Euler factors of its pro-isomorphic zeta function do not satisfy functional equations. The group G has nilpotency class 4 and Hirsch length 25. It is obtained, via the Malcev correspondence, from a Z-Lie lattice L with a suitable algebra…
We prove that a subgroup of a finitely generated free nilpotent group F is undistorted if and only if it is a retract of a subgroup of finite index in F.
Large orbits of nilpotent subgroups of linear groups
研究线性群中 nilpotent 子群的轨道大小，证明了存在特定元素使得中心化子群的大小受限于子群阶数的素因子。
Sylow subgroups for distinct primes and intersection of nilpotent subgroups
研究不同素数的Sylow子群与nilpotent子群交集的性质，提出并验证了关于包含最小性的猜想，并在特定群类中得出了结论。
We first give complete characterizations of the structure of finite group $G$ in which every subgroup (or non-nilpotent subgroup, or non-abelian subgroup) is a TI-subgroup or subnormal or has $p'$-order for a fixed prime divisor $p$ of $|G|$. Furthermore, we prove that every self-centralizing subgroup (or non-nilpotent subgroup, or non-abelian subgroup) of $G$ is a TI-subgroup or subnormal or has $p'$-order for a fixed prime divisor $p$ of $|G|$ if and only if every subgroup (or non-nilpotent subgroup, or non-abelian subgroup) of $G$ is a TI-subgroup or subnormal or has $p'$-order. Based on th…
Finite groups in which every maximal invariant subgroup of order divisible by $p$ is nilpotent
针对有限群$A$互素作用于有限群$G$的情形，对$|G|$的固定素因子$p$，完整刻画了所有阶可被$p$整除的极大$A$-不变子群均为幂零群的$G$的结构。
Let $N$ be a finitely generated nilpotent group. The subgroup zeta function $ζ_N^{\leq}(s)$ and the normal zeta function $ζ_N^\lhd(s)$ of $N$ are Dirichlet series enumerating the finite index subgroups or the finite index normal subgroups of $N$. We present results about their abscissae of convergence $α_N^\leq$ and $α_N^\lhd$, also known as the degrees of polynomial subgroup growth and polynomial normal subgroup growth of $N$, respectively. We first prove some upper bounds for the functions $N\mapsto α_N^\leq$ and $N\mapstoα_N^\lhd$ when restricted to the class of torsion-free nilpotent group…
Let $G$ be an arbitrary group. We show that if the Fitting subgroup of $G$ is nilpotent then it is definable. We show also that the class of groups whose Fitting subgroup is nilpotent of class at most $n$ is elementary. We give an example of a group (arbitrary saturated) whose Fitting subgroup is definable but not nilpotent. Similar results for the soluble radical are given.
We prove that the subgroup zeta function and the normal zeta function of a finitely generated virtually nilpotent group are finite sums of Euler products of cone integrals over $\mathbb{Q}$ and we deduce from this that they have rational abscissa of convergence and some meromorphic continuation. We also define Mal'cev completions of a finitely generated virtually nilpotent group and we prove that the subgroup growth and the normal subgroup growth of the latter are invariants of its $\mathbb{Q}$-Mal'cev completion.
Conjugacy classes of $π$-elements and nilpotent/abelian Hall $π$-subgroups
本文研究有限群中 π-元素共轭类的数量下界，并证明当该数量足够大时，群必含有幂零或阿贝尔的 Hall π-子群。
Let $G$ be a finite group and $σ=\{σ_{i}|i\in I\}$ be a partition of the set of all primes $\mathbb{P}$, that is, $\mathbb{P}=\bigcup_{i\in I}σ_{i}$ and $σ_{i}\cap σ_{j}=\emptyset$ for all $i\neq j$. A chief factor $H/K$ of $G$ is said to be $σ$-central in $G$, if the semidirect product $(H/K)\rtimes(G/C_G(H/K))$ is a $σ_i$-group for some $i\in I$. The group $G$ is said to be $σ$-nilpotent if either $G=1$ or every chief factor of $G$ is $σ$-central. In this paper, we study the properties of a finite group $G=AB$, factorized by two $σ$-nilpotent subgroups $A$ and $B$, and also generalize some k…
In studying nilpotent groups, the lower central series and other variations can be used to construct an associated $\mathbb{Z}^+$-graded Lie ring, which is a powerful method to inspect a group. Indeed, the process can be generalized substantially by introducing $\mathbb{N}^d$-graded Lie rings. We compute the adjoint refinements of the lower central series of the unipotent subgroups of the classical Chevalley groups over the field $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ of rank $d$. We prove that, for all the classical types, this characteristic filter is a series of length $Θ(d^2)$ with nearly all factors ha…
A saturation theorem for submonoids of nilpotent groups and the Identity Problem
本文证明了幂零群子半群的饱和定理，推广了子群的著名结论，并据此给出了幂零群中恒等式问题的判定算法。
On conjugate separability of nilpotent subgroups
本文研究所有类至多为 k 的极大幂零子群均畸正规的群，证明其与 CSA 群性质相似，并引入幂零传递群，在特定剩余条件下证明两者等价，从而将 CSA 与 CT 群理论纳入更一般的框架。
Let $q$ be a prime and $A$ a finite $q$-group of exponent $q$ acting by automorphisms on a finite $q'$-group $G$. Assume that $A$ has order at least $q^3$. We show that if $γ_{\infty} (C_{G}(a))$ has order at most $m$ for any $a \in A^{\#}$, then the order of $γ_{\infty} (G)$ is bounded solely in terms of $m$. If the Fitting subgroup of $C_{G}(a)$ has index at most $m$ for any $a \in A^{\#}$, then the second Fitting subgroup of $G$ has index bounded solely in terms of $m$.
Let $H$ be an abelian subgroup of a finite group $G$ and $π$ the set of prime divisors of $|H|$. We prove that $|H O_π(G)/ O_π(G)|$ is bounded above by the largest character degree of $G$. A similar result is obtained when $H$ is nilpotent.
p-Nilpotent maximal subgroups in finite groups
该研究针对每个极大子群要么p-幂零要么有素指数的有限群，证明其仅可涉入PSL_n(q)族中一种阶被p整除的非交换单群，且p=2时该单群必为特定参数的PSL_2(r^a)。
Finite groups in which some particular non-nilpotent maximal invariant subgroups have indices a prime-power
本文研究互素自同构群作用下有限群的结构，证明在特定极大不变子群为同构单群直积、且不含某正规子群的非幂零极大不变子群均具素数幂指数且排除PSL_2(7)作为合成因子的条件下，该群必可解。
Finite groups with simple or $p$-nilpotent maximal subgroups
研究《库罗夫卡笔记本》中关于极大子群的问题，对于奇数\(p\)，证明满足特定条件的非单非可解群是\(p\)-幂零群和\(p\)-可分解群，\(p = 2\)时改进相关结果，给出特定非可解群的完整分类。
We prove that the symmetric group $S_n$ has a unique minimal cover $\mathcal{M}$ by maximal nilpotent subgroups, and we obtain an explicit and easily computed formula for the order of $\mathcal{M}$. In addition, we prove that the order of $\mathcal{M}$ is equal to the order of a maximal non-nilpotent subset of $S_n$. This cover $\mathcal{M}$ has attractive properties; for instance, it is a normal cover, and the number of conjugacy classes of subgroups in the cover is equal to the number of partitions of $n$ into distinct positive integers. We show that these results contrast with those for the…
Let $π$ be a set of primes. We show that $π$-separable groups have a conjugacy class of subgroups which specialize to Carter subgroups, i.e. self-normalizing nilpotent subgroups, or equivalently, nilpotent projectors, when specializing to soluble groups.
We give a characterization of the finite groups having nilpotent or abelian Hall $π$-subgroups which can easily be verified from the character table.
Let $q$ be a prime and $A$ an elementary abelian group of order at least $q^3$ acting by automorphisms on a finite $q'$-group $G$. It is proved that if $|γ_{\infty}(C_{G}(a))|\leq m$ for any $a\in A^{\#}$, then the order of $γ_{\infty}(G)$ is $m$-bounded. If $F(C_{G}(a))$ has index at most $m$ in $C_G(a)$ for any $a \in A^{\#}$, then the index of $F_2(G)$ is $m$-bounded.
In the first part, we prove that the dominion (in the sense of Isbell) of a subgroup of a finitely generated nilpotent group is trivial in the category of all nilpotent groups. In the second part, we show that the dominion of a subgroup of a finitely generated nilpotent group of class two is trivial in the category of all metabelian nilpotent groups.
A covering of a group is a finite set of proper subgroups whose union is the whole group. A covering is minimal if there is no covering of smaller cardinality, and it is nilpotent if all its members are nilpotent subgroups. We complete a proof that every group that has a nilpotent minimal covering is solvable, starting from the previously known result that a minimal counterexample is an almost simple finite group.
The discrete cocompact subgroups of the five-dimensional connected, simply connected nilpotent Lie groups are determined up to isomorphism. Moreover, we prove if $G=N\times A$ is a connected, simply connected, nilpotent Lie group with an Abelian factor $A$, then every uniform subgroup of $G$ is the direct product of a uniform subgroup of $N$ and ${\mathbb Z}^r$ where $r=\dim A$.
It is proved that for any prime $p$ a finitely generated nilpotent group is conjugacy separable in the class of finite $p$-groups if and only if the torsion subgroup of it is a finite $p$-group and the quotient group by the torsion subgroup is abelian.
This paper has been withdrawn by the authors; it will be incorporated into part I of the series (in preparation).
Enumeration of Nilpotent Loops by Orbit Counting
通过引入仿射自同构群，研究 nilpotent 环的中央扩张并高效计数其轨道。
In this paper, we discuss about finite groups in which, CGH = NGH, for every abelian subgroup H of non prime power order. Also, we classify all such nilpotent and minimal non nilpotent groups.
Virtually nilpotent groups with finitely many orbits under automorphisms
本文研究几乎幂零群在自同构作用下具有有限个轨道的结构，证明了群可分解为挠子群与无挠幂零可除特征子群的半直积，并给出导子群的分解及在无挠情况下的幂零性结论。
Congruence Subgroup Property for nilpotent groups and subsurface subgroups of Mapping Class Groups
本文证明有限型曲面映射类群中两类子群满足同余子群性质，并顺带给出 Ben-Ezra–Lubotzky 定理的初等证明。
On the structure of $LC$-nilpotent groups
研究有限群\(G\)的\(LC\)-幂零群结构，证明有限可解群\(G\)有\(LC\)-幂零列的充要条件是不含型为\((p,q,p)\)的\(2 -\)弗罗贝尼乌斯子群，得出所有\(LC\)-幂零群构成的代数系统是一个簇的结论。
We prove that Knapsack problem (KP) is undecidable for any group of nilpotency class two if the number of generators (without torsion) of the derived subgroup is at least 322. This result together with the fact that if KP is undecidable for a subgroup then it undecidable for the whole group allows us extend our result to certain classes of polycyclic groups, linear groups and nilpotent groups of higher nilpotency class.
In this paper we study the groups all whose maximal or all Sylow subgroups are $K$-$\mathfrak{F}$-subnormal in their product the with generalizations of the Fitting subgroup $\mathrm{F}^*(G)$ and $\mathrm{\tilde F}(G)$. We prove that a hereditary formation $\mathfrak{F}$ contains every group all whose Sylow subgroups are $K$-$\mathfrak{F}$-subnormal in their product with $\mathrm{F}^*(G)$ if and only if $\mathfrak{F}$ is the class of all $σ$-nilpotent groups for some partition $σ$ of the set of all primes. We obtain a new characterization of the $σ$-nilpotent hypercenter, i.e. the $\mathfrak{F…
The congruence subgroup problem for a finitely generated group $Γ$ and $G\leq Aut(Γ)$ asks whether the map $\hat{G}\to Aut(\hatΓ)$ is injective, or more generally, what is its kernel $C\left(G,Γ\right)$? Here $\hat{X}$ denotes the profinite completion of $X$. In the case $G=Aut(Γ)$ we denote $C\left(Γ\right)=C\left(Aut(Γ),Γ\right)$. Let $Γ$ be a finitely generated group, $\barΓ=Γ/[Γ,Γ]$, and $Γ^{*}=\barΓ/tor(\barΓ)\cong\mathbb{Z}^{(d)}$. Denote $Aut^{*}(Γ)=\textrm{Im}(Aut(Γ)\to Aut(Γ^{*}))\leq GL_{d}(\mathbb{Z})$. In this paper we show that when $Γ$ is nilpotent, there is a canonical isomorphi…
For any right-angled Artin group, we show that its outer automorphism group contains either a finite-index nilpotent subgroup or a nonabelian free subgroup. This is a weak Tits alternative theorem. We find a criterion on the defining graph that determines which case holds. We also consider some examples of solvable subgroups, including one that is not virtually nilpotent and is embedded in a non-obvious way.
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