A criterion is given which assures that two p-divisible groups X and Y over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p are isomorphic when their p-kernels X[p] and Y[p] are isomorphic.
In this paper, for any pair $(ζ, ξ)$ of Newton polygons with $ζ\prec ξ$, we construct a concrete specialization from the minimal $p$-divisible group of $ξ$ to the minimal $p$-divisible group of $ζ$ by a beautiful induction. This in particular gives the affirmative answer to the unpolarized analogue of a question by Oort on the boundaries of central streams, and gives another proof of the dimension formula of the central leaves in the unpolarized case.
We study the global structure of moduli spaces of quasi-isogenies of polarized p-divisible groups introduced by Rapoport and Zink. Using the corresponding results for non-polarized p-divisible groups from a previous paper, we determine their dimensions and their sets of connected components and of irreducible components.
Lecture notes at a conference on Arithmetic Geometry, Goettingen, July/August 2006: Density of ordinary Hecke orbits and a conjecture by Grothendieck on deformations of p-divisible groups.
A p-divisible group over a base scheme in characteristic p in general does not admit a slope filtration. Let X be a p-divisible group with constant Newton polygon over a normal noetherian scheme S; we prove that there exists an isogeny from X to Y such that Y admits a slope filtration. In case S is regular this was proved by N. Katz for dim(S) = 1 and by T. Zink for dim(S) > 0. We give an example of a p-divisible group over a non-normal base which does not admit an isogeny to a p-divisible group with a slope filtration.
We study invariant functions on the reductions mod p^n of p-divisible groups. The proof of the main result, which applies to one-dimensional groups, combines results of Tate with van der Put's solution of his p-adic Corona problem. For higher dimensional groups a generalization of the p-adic Corona problem would have to be solved.
We study the global structure of moduli spaces of quasi-isogenies of p-divisible groups introduced by Rapoport and Zink. We determine their dimensions and their sets of connected components and of irreducible components. If the isocrystals of the p-divisible groups are simple, we compute the cohomology of the moduli space. As an application we determine which moduli spaces are smooth.
A p-divisible group over a complete local domain determines a Galois representation on the Tate module of its generic fibre. We determine the image of this representation for the universal deformation in mixed characteristic of a bi-infinitesimal group and for the p-rank strata of the universal deformation in positive characteristic of an infinitesimal group. The method is a reduction to the known case of one-dimensional groups by a deformation argument based on properties of the stratification by Newton polygons.
The notions Hodge-Newton decomposition and Hodge-Newton filtration for F-crystals are due to Katz and generalize Messing's result on the existence of the local-étale filtration for p-divisible groups. Recently, some of Katz's classical results have been generalized by Kottwitz to the context of F-crystals with additional structures and by Moonen to $μ$-ordinary p-divisible groups. In this paper, we discuss further generalizations to the situation of crystals in characteristic p and of p-divisible groups with additional structure by endomorphisms.
Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0. Let H be a supersingular p-divisible group over k of height 2d. We show that H is uniquely determined up to isomorphism by its truncation of level d (i.e., by H[p^d]). This proves Traverso's truncation conjecture for supersingular p-divisible groups. If H has a principal quasi-polarization λ, we show that (H,λ) is also uniquely determined up to isomorphism by its principally quasi-polarized truncated Barsotti--Tate group of level d (i.e., by (H[p^d],λ[p^d])).
Let $O_D$ be the ring of integers in a division algebra of invariant $1/n$ over a p-adic local field. Drinfeld proved that the moduli problem of special formal $O_D$-modules is representable by Deligne's formal scheme version of the Drinfeld p-adic halfspace. In this paper we exhibit other moduli spaces of formal $p$-divisible groups which are represented by $p$-adic formal schemes whose generic fibers are isomorphic to the Drinfeld p-adic halfspace. We also prove an analogue concerning the Lubin-Tate moduli space.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $D$ be a $p$-divisible group over $k$ which is not isoclinic. Let $\scrD$ (resp. $\scrD_k$) be the formal deformation space of $D$ over $\Spf(W(k))$ (resp. over $\Spf(k)$). We use axioms to construct formal subschemes $\scrG_k$ of $\scrD_k$ that: (i) have canonical structures of formal Lie groups over $\Spf(k)$ associated to $p$-divisible groups over $k$, and (ii) give birth, via all geometric points $\Spf(K)\to\scrG_k$, to $p$-divisible groups over $K$ that are isomorphic to $D_K$. We also identify when there exist formal s…
Let $K$ be a $p$-adic field. We continue to develop the theory of rigid analytic $p$-divisible groups over $K$. For example, we explain how to find back the category of Banach-Colmez spaces from rigid analytic $p$-divisible groups "in finite level" without perfectoid spaces. We then establish some results about families of rigid analytic $p$-divisible groups. This allows us to prove a "minimality" result in the sense of birationnal geometry for integral models of unramified Rapoport-Zink spaces.
We extend the results of Kottwitz on points of Shimura varieties over finite fields to cases of bad reduction. The "test function" whose twisted orbital integrals appear in the final expression is defined geometrically using deformation spaces of p-divisible groups.
We introduce the notion of primitive elements in arbitrary truncated $p$-divisible groups. By design, the scheme of primitive elements is finite and locally free over the base. Primitive elements generalize the "points of exact order $N$," developed by Drinfeld and Katz-Mazur for elliptic curves.
Assume that $p>2$, and let $\mathscr{O}_K$ be a $p$-adic discrete valuation ring with residue field admitting a finite $p$-basis, and let $R$ be a formally smooth formally finite-type $\mathscr{O}_K$-algebra. (Indeed, we allow slightly more general rings $R$.) We construct an anti-equivalence of categories between the categories of $p$-divisible groups over $R$ and certain semi-linear algebra objects which generalise $(φ,\mathfrak{S})$-modules of height $\leqslant1$ (or Kisin modules). A similar classification result for $p$-power order finite flat group schemes is deduced from the classificat…
We shall study minimal complex surfaces with $c^2 = 9$ and $χ=5$ whose canonical classes are divisible by $3$ in the integral cohomology groups, where $c_1^2$ and $χ$ denote the first Chern number of an algebraic surface and the Euler characteristic of the structure sheaf, respectively. The main results are a structure theorem for such surfaces, the unirationality of the moduli space, and a description of the behavior of the canonical map. As a byproduct, we shall also rule out a certain case mentioned in a paper by Ciliberto--Francia--Mendes Lopes. Since the irregularity $q$ vanishes for our …
We give a criterion which allows to determine, in terms of the combinatorics of the root system of the general linear group, which p-kernels occur in an isogeny class of p-divisible groups over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. As an application we obtain a criterion for the non-emptiness of certain affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties associated to the general linear group.
We study $p$-divisible groups $G$ endowed with an action of the ring of integers of a finite (possibly ramified) extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ over a scheme of characteristic $p$. We suppose moreover that the $p$-divisible group $G$ satisfies the Pappas-Rapoport condition for a certain datum $μ$ ; this condition consists in a filtration on the sheaf of differentials $ω_G$ satisfying certain properties. Over a perfect field, we define the Hodge and Newton polygons for such $p$-divisible groups, normalized with the action. We show that the Newton polygon lies above the Hodge polygon, itself lying …
Starting from our work on Harder-Narasimhan filtrations of finite flat group schemes over a $p$-adic field, we developp a theory of Harder-Narasimhan filtrations for $p$-divisible groups. We apply this to the study of the geometry of period morphisms for Rapoport-Zink spaces and to the $p$-adic geometry of Shimura varieties. We define and study in particular some fundamental domains for the action of Hecke correspondences.
We prove several results about p-divisible groups and Rapoport-Zink spaces. Our main goal is to prove that Rapoport-Zink spaces at infinite level are naturally perfectoid spaces, and to give a description of these spaces purely in terms of p-adic Hodge theory. This allows us to formulate and prove duality isomorphisms between basic Rapoport-Zink spaces at infinite level in general. Moreover, we identify the image of the period morphism, reproving results of Faltings. For this, we give a general classification of p-divisible groups over the ring of integers of a complete algebraically closed fi…
Let k be a perfect field of characteristic p>0. When p>2, Fontaine and Laffaille have classified p-divisibles groups and finite flat p-groups over the Witt vectors W(k) in terms of filtered modules. Still assuming p>2, we extend these classifications over an arbitrary complete discrete valuation ring A with unequal characteristic (0,p) and residue field k by using "generalized" filtered modules. In particular, there is no restriction on the ramification index. In the case k is included in \bar{F}_p (and p>2), we then use this new classification to prove that any crystalline representation of t…
The isomorphism number (resp. isogeny cutoff) of a p-divisible group D over an algebraically closed field is the least positive integer m such that D[p^m] determines D up to isomorphism (resp. up to isogeny). We show that these invariants are lower semicontinuous in families of p-divisible groups of constant Newton polygon. Thus they allow refinements of Newton polygon strata. In each isogeny class of p-divisible groups, we determine the maximal value of isogeny cutoffs and give an upper bound for isomorphism numbers, which is shown to be optimal in the isoclinic case. In particular, the latte…
A $p$-divisible group over a field $K$ admits a slope decomposition; associated to each slope $λ$ is an integer $m$ and a representation $\gal(K) \ra \gl_m(D_λ)$, where $D_λ$ is the $\rat_p$-division algebra with Brauer invariant $[λ]$. We call $m$ the multiplicity of $λ$ in the $p$-divisible group. Let $G_0$ be a $p$-divisible group over a field $k$. Suppose that $λ$ is not a slope of $G_0$, but that there exists a deformation of $G$ in which $λ$ appears with multiplicity one. Assume that $λ\not= (s-1)/s$ for any natural number $s>1$. We show that there exists a deformation $G/R$ of $G_0/k$ s…
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $c,d\in\dbN$. Let $b_{c,d}\ge 1$ be the smallest integer such that for any two $p$-divisible groups $H$ and $H^\prime$ over $k$ of codimension $c$ and dimension $d$ the following assertion holds: If $H[p^{b_{c,d}}]$ and $H^\prime[p^{b_{c,d}}]$ are isomorphic, then $H$ and $H^\prime$ are isogenous. We show that $b_{c,d}=\lceil{cd\over {c+d}}\rceil$. This proves Traverso's isogeny conjecture for $p$-divisible groups over $k$.
In their book Rapoport and Zink constructed rigid analytic period spaces for Fontaine's filtered isocrystals, and period morphisms from moduli spaces of p-divisible groups to some of these period spaces. We determine the image of these period morphisms, thereby contributing to a question of Grothendieck. We give examples showing that only in rare cases the image is all of the Rapoport-Zink period space.
Let $\mathscr{O}_K$ be a 2-adic discrete valuation ring with perfect residue field $k$. We classify $p$-divisible groups and $p$-power order finite flat group schemes over $\mathscr{O}_K$ in terms of certain Frobenius module over $\mathfrak{S}:=W(k)[[u]]$. We also show the compatibility with crystalline Dieudonné theory and associated Galois representations. Our approach differs from Lau's generalization of display theory, and we additionally obtain the the compatibility with associated Galois representations.
Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p \geq 3$. We classify $p$-divisible groups over regular local rings of the form $W(k)[[t_1,...,t_r,u]]/(u^e+pb_{e-1}u^{e-1}+...+pb_1u+pb_0)$, where $b_0,...,b_{e-1}\in W(k)[[t_1,...,t_r]]$ and $b_0$ is an invertible element. This classification was in the case $r = 0$ conjectured by Breuil and proved by Kisin.
We develop the analog of crystalline Dieudonné theory for p-divisible groups in the arithmetic of function fields. In our theory p-divisible groups are replaced by divisible local Anderson modules, and Dieudonné modules are replaced by local shtukas. We show that the categories of divisible local Anderson modules and of effective local shtukas are anti-equivalent over arbitrary base schemes. We also clarify their relation with formal Lie groups and with global objects like Drinfeld modules, Anderson's abelian t-modules and t-motives, and Drinfeld shtukas. Moreover, we discuss the existence of …
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $D$ be a $p$-divisible group over $k$. Let $n_D$ be the smallest non-negative integer for which the following statement holds: if $C$ is a $p$-divisible group over $k$ of the same codimension and dimension as $D$ and such that $C[p^{n_D}]$ is isomorphic to $D[p^{n_D}]$, then $C$ is isomorphic to $D$. To the Dieudonné module of $D$ we associate a non-negative integer $\ell_D$ which is a computable upper bound of $n_D$. If $D$ is a product $\prod_{i\in I} D_i$ of isoclinic $p$-divisible groups, we show that $n_D=\ell_D$; if th…
Let $ S $ be the special fibre of the good reduction of a Shimura variety of Hodge type. By constructing adapted deformations for the associated $p$-divisible groups of $ S $, we manage to construct a morphism from $S$ to some quotient sheaf of the loop group associated with $S$. We show that the geometric fibres of this morphism give back the Ekedahl-Oort strata of $S$. For any geometric point $ x $ of $ S $, we give a deformation over $ W(k(x)) $ of the $ p $-divisible group associated with $ x $ by (non-canonically) constructing a Breuil-Kisin window (which corresponds to a $ p $-divisible …
A p-divisible group, or more generally an F-crystal, is said to be Hodge-Newton reducible if its Hodge polygon passes through a break point of its Newton polygon. Katz proved that Hodge-Newton reducible F-crystals admit a canonical filtration called the Hodge-Newton filtration. The notion of Hodge-Newton reducibility plays an important role in the deformation theory of p-divisible groups; the key property is that the Hodge-Newton filtration of a p-divisible group over a field of characteristic p can be uniquely lifted to a filtration of its deformation. We generalize Katz's result to F-crystal…
Let $ \CO $ be the ring of integers of a non-Archimedean local field and $ π$ a fixed uniformizer of $ \CO $. We establish three main results. The first one states that the exterior powers of a $ π$-divisible $ \CO $-module scheme of dimension at most 1 over a field exist and commute with algebraic field extensions. The second one states that the exterior powers of a $p$-divisible group of dimension at most 1 over arbitrary base exist and commute with arbitrary base change. The third one states that when $ \CO $ has characteristic zero, then the exterior powers of $ π$-divisible groups with sc…
In their paper Scholze and Weinstein show that a certain diagram of perfectoid spaces is Cartesian. In this paper, we generalize their result. This generalization will be used in a forthcoming paper of ours to compute certain non-trivial $\ell$-adic étale cohomology classes appearing in the the generic fiber of Lubin-Tate and Rapoprt-Zink towers. We also study the behavior of the vector bundle functor on the fundamental curve in $p$-adic Hodge theory, defined by Fargues-Fontaine, under multilinear morphisms.
Let $G$ be a reductive group scheme over the $p$-adic integers, and let $μ$ be a minuscule cocharacter for $G$. In the Hodge-type case, we construct a functor from nilpotent $(G,μ)$-displays over $p$-nilpotent rings $R$ to formal $p$-divisible groups over $R$ equipped with crystalline Tate tensors. When $R/pR$ has a $p$-basis étale locally, we show that this defines an equivalence between the two categories. The definition of the functor relies on the construction of a $G$-crystal associated with any adjoint nilpotent $(G,μ)$-display, which extends the construction of the Dieudonné crystal ass…
Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p>2$ and $K$ an extension of $F=\mathrm{Frac} W(k)$ contained in some $F(μ_{p^r})$. Using crystalline Dieudonné theory, we provide a classification of $p$-divisible groups over $\mathscr{O}_K$ in terms of finite height $(φ,Γ)$-modules over $\mathfrak{S}:=W(k)[[u]]$. Although such a classification is a consequence of (a special case of) the theory of Kisin--Ren, our construction gives an independent proof and allows us to recover the Dieudonné crystal of a $p$-divisible group from the Wach module associated to its Tate module by Berger--Breuil or by…
This work is the first part in a series of three dedicated to the foundations of integral aspects of Shimura varieties and of Fontaine's categories. It deals mostly with the unramified context of (arbitrary) mixed characteristic (0,p). Among the topics covered we mention: the generalization of the classical Serre-Tate theory of ordinary p-divisible groups and of their canonical lifts, the generalization of the classical Serre-Tate-Dwork-Katz theory of (crystalline) coordinates for ordinary abelian varieties, the strong form of the generalized Manin problem, global deformations in the generaliz…
We study the structure of the formal groups associated to the Morava $K$-theories of integral Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces. The main result is that every formal group in the collection $\{K(n)^*K({\mathbb Z}, q), q=2,3,...\}$ for a fixed $n$ enters in it together with its Serre dual, an analogue of a principal polarization on an abelian variety. We also identify the isogeny class of each of these formal groups over an algebraically closed field. These results are obtained with the help of the Dieudonné correspondence between bicommutative Hopf algebras and Dieudonné modules. We extend P. Goerss's…
We show that to every p-divisible group over a p-adic ring one can associate a display by crystalline Dieudonne theory. For an appropriate notion of truncated displays, this induces a functor from truncated Barsotti-Tate groups to truncated displays, which is a smooth morphism of smooth algebraic stacks. As an application we obtain a new proof of the equivalence between infinitesimal p-divisible groups and nilpotent displays over p-adic rings, and a new proof of the equivalence due to Berthelot and Gabber between commutative finite flat group schemes of p-power order and Dieudonne modules over…
Let R be a complete rank-1 valuation ring of mixed characteristic (0,p), and let K be its field of fractions. A g-dimensional truncated Barsotti-Tate group G of level n over R is said to have a level-n canonical subgroup if there is a K-subgroup of G\tensor_R K with geometric structure (\Z/p^n\Z)^g consisting of points "closest to zero". We give a nontrivial condition on the Hasse invariant of G that guarantees the existence of the canonical subgroup, analogous to a result of Katz and Lubin for elliptic curves. The bound is independent of the height and dimension of G.
We give a self-contained proof of the fact that, for any prime number $p$, there exists a power series $$Ψ= Ψ_p(T) \in T + T^2\Z[[T]] $$ which trivializes the addition law of the formal group of Witt covectors is $p$-adically entire and assumes values in $\Z_p$ all over $\Q_p$. We actually generalize, following a suggestion of M. Candilera, the previous facts to any fixed unramified extension $\Q_q$ of $\Q_p$ of degree $f$, where $q = p^f$. We show that $Ψ= Ψ_q$ provides a quasi-finite covering of the Berkovich affine line $\A^1_{\Q_p}$ by itself. We prove in section 3 new strong estimates for…
We compute the Hodge numbers for the quotients of complete intersection Calabi-Yau three-folds by groups of orders divisible by 4. We make use of the polynomial deformation method and the counting of invariant Kähler classes. The quotients studied here have been obtained in the automated classification of V. Braun. Although the computer search found the freely acting groups, the Hodge numbers of the quotients were not calculated. The freely acting groups, $G$, that arise in the classification are either $Z_2$ or contain $Z_4$, $Z_2 \times Z_2$, $Z_3$ or $Z_5$ as a subgroup. The Hodge numbers f…
Log $p$-divisible groups and semi-stable representations
Dipartimento di Matematica “Tullio Levi-Civita”, Università degli Studi di Padova(帕多瓦大学);School of mathematics, Renmin University of China(中国人民大学);Institute for Advanced Study in Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technology(哈尔滨工业大学数学学院)
Let $p$ be a prime. Let $(R,\ideal{m})$ be a regular local ring of mixed characteristic $(0,p)$ and absolute index of ramification $e$. We provide general criteria of when each abelian scheme over $\Spec R\setminus\{\ideal{m}\}$ extends to an abelian scheme over $\Spec R$. We show that such extensions always exist if $e\le p-1$, exist in most cases if $p\le e\le 2p-3$, and do not exist in general if $e\ge 2p-2$. The case $e\le p-1$ implies the uniqueness of integral canonical models of Shimura varieties over a discrete valuation ring $O$ of mixed characteristic $(0,p)$ and index of ramificatio…
We show that the Zink equivalence between p-divisible groups and Dieudonne displays over a complete local ring with perfect residue field of characteristic p is compatible with duality. The proof relies on a new explicit formula for the p-divisible group associated to a Dieudonne display.
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. Let $c,d,m$ be positive integers. Let $D$ be a $p$-divisible group of codimension $c$ and dimension $d$ over $k$. Let $\scrD$ be a versal deformation of $D$ over a smooth $k$-scheme $\scrA$ which is equidimensional of dimension $cd$. We show that there exists a reduced, locally closed subscheme $\grs_D(m)$ of $\scrA$ that has the following property: a point $y\in\scrA(k)$ belongs to $\grs_D(m)(k)$ if and only if $y^*(\scrD)[p^m]$ is isomorphic to $D[p^m]$. We prove that $\grs_D(m)$ is {\it regular and equidimensional} of {\it di…