We reformed the tensor product theory of vertex operator algebras developed by Huang and Lepowsky so that we could apply it to all vertex operator algebras satisfying C_2-cofiniteness. We also showed that the tensor product theory develops naturally if we include not only ordinary modules, but also weak modules with a composition series of finite length (we call it an Artin module). In particular, we don't assume the semisimplicity of the weight operator L(0). Actually, without the assumption of rationality, a C_2-cofiniteness on V is enough to obtain the existence of a tensor product of two Artin modules and natural associativity of tensor products. Namely, the category of Artin modules becomes a braided tensor category.
As an application of the tensor product theory under C_2-cofiniteness, we proved the rationality of some orbifold models. For example, if a vertex operator algebra V has a finite automorphism group and the fixed point vertex operator subalgebra V^G is C_2-cofinite, then for any irreducible V^{<g>}-module W, there is an element h\in <g> such that W is contained in some h-twisted V-module. Furthermore, if V^G is rational, then V^{<g>} is also rational for any g\in G.
We show that a finitely strongly generated, non-negatively graded vertex algebra $V$ is $C_2$-cofinite if and only if it is lisse in the sense of Beilinson, Feigin and Mazur. This shows that the $C_2$-cofiniteness is indeed a natural finiteness condition.
It is proved that the regularity of parafermion vertex operator algebras associated to integrable highest weight modules for affine Kac-Moody algebra A_1^{(1)} implies the C_2-cofiniteness of parafermion vertex operator algebras associated to integrable highest weight modules for any affine Kac-Moody algebra. In particular, the parafermion vertex operator algebra associated to an integrable highest weight module of small level for any affine Kac-Moody algebra is C_2-cofinite and has only finitely many irreducible modules. Also, the parafermion vertex operator algebras with level 1 are determin…
Let L be a rank one positive definite even lattice. We prove that a vertex operator algebra (VOA) V_L^+ satisfies the C_2 condition. Here, V_L^+ is a fixed point sub-VOA of the VOA V_L associated with the automorphism lifted from the -1 isometry of L.
It was shown by Abe, Buhl and Dong that the vertex algebra $V_L^+$ and its irreducible weak modules satisfy the $C_2$-cofiniteness condition when $L$ is a positive definite even lattice. In this paper, we extend their results by showing that the vertex algebra $V_L^+$ and its irreducible weak modules are $C_2$-cofinite when $L$ is a negative definite even lattice and when $L$ is a non-degenerate even lattice that is neither negative definite nor positive definite.
In this article, we give a sufficient and necessary condition for the $C_2$-cofiniteness of the 2-cycle permutation orbifold model $(V\otimes V)^σ$ for a $C_2$-cofinite vertex operator algebra and the 2-cycle permutation $σ$ of $V\otimes V$. As an application, we show that the 2-cycle permutation orbifold model of the simple Virasoro vertex operator algebra $L(c,0)$ of minimal central charge $c$ is $C_2$-cofinite.
We show that C_2-cofiniteness is enough to prove a modular invariance property of vertex operator algebras without assuming the semisimplicity of Zhu algebra. For example, if a VOA V=\oplus_{m=0}^{\infty}V_m is C_2-cofinite, then the space spanned by generalized characters of V-modules is invariant under the action of SL_2(\Z). In this case, the central charge and conformal weights are all rational numbers. Namely, a VOA satisfying C_2-cofiniteness is a rational conformal field theory in a sense. We also show that C_2-cofiniteness is equivalent to the condition that every weak module is an \N-…
In this article, we consider permutation orbifold models of $C_2$-cofinite vertex operator algebras of CFT type. We show the $C_2$-cofiniteness of the 2-cyclic permutation orbifold model $(V\otimes V)^{S_2}$ for an arbitrary $C_2$-cofinite simple vertex operator algebra $V$ of CFT type. We also give a proof of the $C_2$-cofiniteness of a $\Z_2$-orbifold model $V_L^+$ of the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_L$ associated with a rank one positive definite even lattice $L$ by using our result and the $C_2$-cofiniteness of $V_L$.
We demonstrate that, for CFT vertex operator algebras, C_2-cofiniteness and rationality is equivalent to regularity. In addition, we show that, for C_2-cofinite vertex operators algebras, irreducible weak modules are ordinary modules and C_2-cofinite, and V_L^+ are C_2-cofinite.
Let V be a vertex operator algebra. We prove that if U and W are C_1-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable V-modules, then a fusion product U\boxtimes W is well-defined and also a C_1-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable V-module, where the fusion product is defined by (logarithmic) intertwining operators. This is also true for C_2-cofinite {\mathbb N}-gradable modules.
We determine Zhu's algebra and C_2-algebra of parafermion vertex operator algebras for sl_2. Moreover, we prove the C_2-cofiniteness of parafermion vertex operator algebras for any finite dimensional simple Lie algebras.
Cofiniteness for Twisted Fusion Products in Vertex Operator Algebra Theory
School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University（西南交通大学数学学院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Technology（广东工业大学数学与统计学院）
In this paper, we investigate the Lie algebra structures of weight one subspaces of $C_2$-cofinite vertex operator superalgebras. We also show that for any positive integer $k$, vertex operator superalgebras $L_{sl(1|n+1)}(k,0)$ and $L_{osp(2|2n)}(k,0)$ have infinitely many irreducible admissible modules. As a consequence, we give a proof of the fact that $L_{\mathfrak g}(k,0)$ is $C_2$-cofinite if and only if $\mathfrak g$ is either a simple Lie algebra, or $\mathfrak g=osp(1|2n)$, and $k$ is a nonnegative integer. As an application, we show that $L_{G(3)}(1,0)$ is a vertex operator superalge…
In this paper, it is shown that the diagonal coset vertex operator algebra $C(L_{\mathfrak{g}}(k+2,0),L_{\mathfrak{g}}(k,0)\otimes L_{\mathfrak{g}}(2,0))$ is rational and $C_2$-cofinite in case $\mathfrak{g}=so(2n), n\geq 3$ and $k$ is an admissible number for $\hat{\mathfrak{g}}$. It is also shown that the diagonal coset vertex operator algebra $C(L_{sl_2}(k+4,0),L_{sl_2}(k,0)\otimes L_{sl_2}(4,0))$ is rational and $C_2$-cofinite in case $k$ is an admissible number for $\hat{sl_2}$. Furthermore, irreducible modules of $C(L_{sl_2}(k+4,0),L_{sl_2}(k,0)\otimes L_{sl_2}(4,0))$ are classified in c…
We prove that if $V$ is a $C_2$-cofinite simple vertex operator algebra of CFT-type with a nonsingular invariant bilinear form and its an automorphism group $G$ is finite, then an orbifold model $V^G$ is also $C_2$-cofinite.
To every vertex algebra $V$ we associate a canonical decreasing sequence of subspaces and prove that the associated graded vector space $gr(V)$ is naturally a vertex Poisson algebra, in particular a commutative vertex algebra. We establish a relation between this sequence and the sequence $C_{n}$ introduced by Zhu. By using the (classical) algebra $gr(V)$, we prove that for any vertex algebra $V$, $C_{2}$-cofiniteness implies $C_{n}$-cofiniteness for all $n\ge 2$. We further use $gr(V)$ to study generating subspaces of certain types for lower truncated $Z$-graded vertex algebras.
We prove an orbifold conjecture for a solvable automorphism group. Namely, we show that if V is a C_2-cofinite simple vertex operator algebra and G is a finite solvable automorphism group of V, then the fixed point vertex operator subalgebra V^G is also C_2-cofinite. This offers a mathematically rigorous background to orbifold theories of finite type with solvable automorphism groups.
We prove the existence and associativity of the nonmeromorphic operator product expansion for an infinite family of vertex operator algebras, the triplet W-algebras, using results from P(z)-tensor product theory. While doing this, we also show that all these vertex operator algebras are C_2-cofinite.
$C_2$ cofiniteness and rationality of $V_{L_2}^{S_4}$ are obtained, and irreducible $V_{L_2}^{S_4}$-modules are classified. With the assumption of rationality and $C_2$ cofiniteness, irreducible $V_{L_2}^{A_5}$-modules are determined. Also, quantum dimensions of these irreducible modules are calculated.
We study the subalgebra of the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_{\sqrt{2}A_2}$ consisting of the fixed points of an automorphism which is induced from an order 3 isometry of the root lattice $A_2$. We classify the simple modules for the subalgebra. The rationality and the $C_2$-cofiniteness are also established.
We study the fixed point subalgebra of a certain class of lattice vertex operator algebras by an automorphism of order 3, which is a lift of a fixed-point-free isometry of the underlying lattice. We classify the irreducible modules for the subalgebra. Moreover, the rationality and the $C_2$-cofiniteness of the subalgebra are established. Our result contains the case of the vertex operator algebra associated with the Leech lattice.
Moonshine relates three fundamental mathematical objects: the Monster sporadic simple group, the modular function j, and the moonshine module vertex operator algebra. Examining the relationship between modular functions and the representation theory of vertex operator algebras reveals rich structure. In particular, C2-cofiniteness (also called Zhu's finiteness condition) implies the existence of finite generating sets and Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt-like spanning sets for vertex operator algebras and their modules. These spanning sets feature desirable ordering restrictions, e.g., a difference-one …
The rationality and C_2-cofiniteness of the orbifold vertex operator algebra V_{L_{2}}^{A_{4}} are established and all the irreducible modules are constructed and classified. This is part of classification of rational vertex operator algebras with c=1.
We introduce a notion of Mathieu-Zhao subspaces of vertex algebras. Among other things, we show that for a vertex algebra $V$ and its subspace $M$ that contains $C_2(V)$, $M$ is a Mathieu-Zhao subspace of $V$ if and only if the quotient space $M/C_2(V)$ is a Mathieu-Zhao subspace of a commutative associative algebra $V/C_2(V)$. As a result, one can study the famous Jacobian conjecture in terms of Mathieu-Zhao subspaces of vertex algebras. In addition, for a $CFT$-type vertex operator algebra $V$ that satisfies the $C_2$-cofiniteness condition, we classify all Mathieu-Zhao subspaces $M$ that co…
In vertex operator algebra theories, most of the general theorems are proved under the assumptions of rationality and C_2-cofiniteness. In this paper, we obtain several general theorems without the assumption of rationality so that we can use them for proving rationality of given C_2-cofinite vertex operator algebras. For example, we apply them to orbifold models and show that if g is a finite automorphism of a rational C_2-cofinite vertex operator algebra T of CFT-type with T'\cong T and a fixed point subVOA T^g is C_2-cofinite, then T^g is also rational.
We construct projective covers of irreducible V-modules in the category of grading-restricted generalized V-modules when V is a vertex operator algebra satisfying the following conditions: 1. V is C_{1}-cofinite in the sense of Li. 2. There exists a positive integer N such that the differences between the real parts of the lowest conformal weights of irreducible V-modules are bounded by N and such that the associative algebra A_{N}(V) is finite dimensional. This result shows that the category of grading-restricted generalized V-modules is a finite abelian category over C. Using the existence o…
We study modularity of the characters of a vertex (super)algebra equipped with a family of conformal structures. Along the way we introduce the notions of rationality and cofiniteness relative to such a family. We apply the results to determine modular transformations of trace functions on admissible modules over affine Kac-Moody algebras and, via BRST reduction, trace functions on minimal series representations of principal affine W-algebras.
We discuss our recent results on the representation theory of $\mathcal{W}$--algebras relevant to Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory. First we explain some general constructions of $\mathcal{W}$-algebras coming from screening operators. Then we review the results on $C_2$--cofiniteness, the structure of Zhu's algebras, and the existence of logarithmic modules for triplet vertex algebras. We propose some conjectures and open problems which put the theory of triplet vertex algebras into a broader context. New realizations of logarithmic modules for $\mathcal{W}$-algebras defined via screenings a…
Motivated by \cite{am1}, for every finite subgroup $Γ\subset PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$ we investigate the fixed point subalgebra $\triplet^Γ$ of the triplet vertex $\mathcal {W}(p)$, of central charge $1-\frac{6(p-1)^{2}}{p}$, $p\geq2$. This part deals with the $A$-series in the ADE classification of finite subgroups of $PSL(2,\mathbb{C})$. First, we prove the $C_2$-cofiniteness of the $A_m$-fixed subalgebra $\triplet^{A_m}$. Then we construct a family of $\am$-modules, which are expected to form a complete set of irreps. As a strong support to our conjecture, we prove modular invariance of (generali…
The extended W-algebra of type sl_2 at positive rational level, denoted by M_{p_+,p_-}, is a vertex operator algebra that was originally proposed in [1]. This vertex operator algebra is an extension of the minimal model vertex operator algebra and plays the role of symmetry algebra for certain logarithmic conformal field theories. We give a construction of M_{p_+,p_-} in terms of screening operators and use this construction to prove that M_{p_+,p_-} satisfies Zhu's c_2-cofiniteness condition, calculate the structure of the zero mode algebra (also known as Zhu's algebra) and classify all simpl…
Let $V$ be a simple vertex operator algebra containing a rank $n$ Heisenberg vertex algebra $H$ and let $C=\text{Com}\left( {H}, {V}\right)$ be the coset of ${H}$ in ${V}$. Assuming that the representation categories of interest are vertex tensor categories in the sense of Huang, Lepowsky and Zhang, a Schur-Weyl type duality for both simple and indecomposable but reducible modules is proven. Families of vertex algebra extensions of ${C}$ are found and every simple ${C}$-module is shown to be contained in at least one ${V}$-module. A corollary of this is that if ${V}$ is rational and $C_2$-cofi…
We are continuing our study of ADE-orbifold subalgebras of the triplet vertex algebra W(p). This part deals with the dihedral series. First, subject to a certain constant term identity, we classify all irreducible modules for the vertex algebra $\bar{M(1)} ^+$, the $\Z_2$--orbifold of the singlet vertex algebra $\bar{M(1)}$. Then we classify irreducible modules and determine Zhu's and $C_2$--algebra for the vertex algebra $\triplet ^{D_2}$. A general method for construction of twisted $\triplet$--modules is also introduced. We also discuss classification of twisted $\bar{M(1)}$--modules includ…
Finiteness and Construction of Internal Hom for Vertex Operator Algebras
School of Mathematics, Southwest Jiaotong University（西南交通大学数学学院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Technology（广东工业大学数学与统计学院）
The rank 1 bosonic ghost vertex algebra, also known as the $βγ$ ghosts, symplectic bosons or Weyl vertex algebra, is a simple example of a conformal field theory which is neither rational, nor $C_2$-cofinite. We identify a module category, denoted category $\mathscr{F}$, which satisfies three necessary conditions coming from conformal field theory considerations: closure under restricted duals, closure under fusion and closure under the action of the modular group on characters. We prove the second of these conditions, with the other two already being known. Further, we show that category $\ma…
