We introduce a method to define $C^*$-algebras from $C^*$-correspondences. Our construction generalizes Cuntz-Pimsner algebras, crossed products by Hilbert $C^*$-modules, and graph algebras.
We construct a functor that maps $C^*$-correspondences to their Cuntz-Pimsner algebras. The objects in our domain category are $C^*$-correspondences, and the morphisms are the isomorphism classes of $C^*$-correspondences satisfying certain conditions. As an application, we recover a well-known result of Muhly and Solel. In fact, we show that functoriality leads us to a more generalized result: strongly Morita equivalent $C^*$-correspondences have Morita equivalent Cuntz-Pimsner algebras.
We show that the passage from a $C^\ast$-correspondence to its Cuntz-Pimsner $C^\ast$-algebra gives a functor on a category of $C^\ast$-correspondences with appropriately defined morphisms. Applications involving topological graph $C^\ast$-algebras are discussed, and an application to crossed-product correspondences is presented in detail.
Given two correspondences X and Y, we show that (under mild hypotheses) the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of the tensor product of X and Y embeds as a certain subalgebra of the tensor product of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of X and the Cuntz=Pimsner algebra of Y. Furthermore, this subalgebra can be described in a natural way in terms of the gauge actions on the Cuntz-Pimsner algebras. We explore implications for graph algebras, crossed products by the integers, and crossed products by completely positive maps. We also give a new proof of a result of Kaliszewski and Quigg related to coactions on correspo…
We interpret the construction of relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of correspondences in terms of the correspondence bicategory, as a reflector into a certain sub-bicategory. This generalises a previous characterisation of absolute Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of proper correspondences as colimits in the correspondence bicategory.
We investigate how a correspondence coaction gives rise to a coaction on the associated Cuntz-Pimsner algebra. We apply this to recover a recent result of Hao and Ng concerning Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of crossed products of correspondences by actions of amenable groups.
In this paper we generalize the notion of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of $C^*$-correspondences to the setting of subproduct systems. The construction is justified in several ways, including the Morita equivalence of the operator algebras under suitable conditions, and examples are provided to illustrate its naturality. We also demonstrate why some features of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of $C^*$-correspondences fail to generalize to our setting, and discuss what we have instead.
In this thesis we generalise the six-term exact sequence in graded $KK$-theory obtained in a paper of Kumjian, Pask and Sims (2017) to allow correspondences with non-compact left action. In particular, this allows us to compute the graded $KK$-theory of row-infinite graphs. We develop the theory necessary for following the arguments of Kumjian, Pask and Sims and of Pimsner (1997), with detailed sections on Hilbert modules, $C^*$-correspondences, Crossed products, Toeplitz algebras, Cuntz-Pimsner algebras and $KK$-theory.
Given two correspondences $X$ and $Y$ and a discrete group $G$ which acts on $X$ and coacts on $Y$, one can define a twisted tensor product $X\boxtimes Y$ which simultaneously generalizes ordinary tensor products and crossed products by group actions and coactions. We show that, under suitable conditions, the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of this product, $\mathcal O_{X\boxtimes Y}$, is isomorphic to a "balanced" twisted tensor product $\mathcal O_X\boxtimes_\mathbb T\mathcal O_Y$ of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of the original correspondences. We interpret this result in several contexts and connect it…
When a locally compact group acts on a C*-correspondence, it also acts on the associated Cuntz-Pimsner algebra in a natural way. Hao and Ng have shown that when the group is amenable the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of the crossed product correspondence is isomorphic to the crossed product of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra. In this paper, we have a closer look at this isomorphism in the case where the group is not necessarily amenable. We also consider what happens at the level of Toeplitz algebras.
Given a correspondence X over a C*-algebra A, we construct a C*-algebra and a Hilbert C*-bimodule over it whose crossed product is isomorphic to the augmented Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebra of X. This construction enables us to establish a condition for two augmented Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebras to be Morita equivalent.
We give a simple and complete picture on the classification of relative Cuntz--Pimsner algebras (and so also of gauge-equivariant representations) using their intuitive parametrisation by kernel--covariance pairs.
We extend the definition of an extension of a right Hilbert module to the setting of Hilbert bimodules and show that an extension of Hilbert bimodules induces an extension of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras. We also study the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra associated to the multiplier bimodule and show that an extension can be realised as a restricted direct-sum bimodule.
We extend the notion of Rokhlin dimension from topological dynamical systems to $C^*$-correspondences. We show that in the presence of finite Rokhlin dimension and a mild quasidiagonal-like condition (which, for example, is automatic for finitely generated projective correspondences), finite nuclear dimension passes from the scalar algebra to the associated Toeplitz--Pimsner and (hence) Cuntz--Pimsner algebras. As a consequence we provide new examples of classifiable $C^*$-algebras: if $A$ is simple, unital, has finite nuclear dimension and satisfies the UCT, then for every finitely generated …
The extended Cuntz-Pimsner algebra E(H), introduced by Pimsner, is constructed from a Hilbert B,B-bimodule H over a C*-algebra B. In this paper we investigate the Haagerup invariant Λ(.) for these algebras, the main result being that Λ(E(H))=Λ(B) when H is full over B. In particular, E(H) has the completely bounded approximation property if and only if the same is true for B.
Let H be a full Hilbert bimodule over a C*-algebra A. We show that the Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebra associated to H is exact if and only if A is exact. Using this result, we give alternative proofs for exactness of reduced amalgamated free products of exact C*-algebras. In the case that A is a finite dimensional C*-algebra, we also show that the Brown-Voiculescu topological entropy of Bogljubov automorphisms of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra associated to an A,A Hilbert bimodule is zero.
We introduce and analyse the structure of C*-algebras arising from ideals in right tensor C*-precategories, which naturally generalize both relative Cuntz-Pimsner and Doplicher-Roberts algebras. We establish an explicit intrinsic construction of the considered algebras and a number of key results such as structure theorem, gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem or description of the gauge-invariant ideal structure. In particular, these statements give a new insight into the corresponding results for relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras and are applied to Doplicher-Roberts associated to C*-correspondenc…
We consider C*-algebras generated by a single Hilbert bimodule (Pimsner-Toeplitz algebras) and by a product systems of Hilbert bimodules. We give a new proof of a theorem of Pimsner, which states that any representation of the generating bimodule gives rise to a representation of the Pimsner-Toeplitz algebra. Our proof does not make use of the conditional expectation onto the subalgebra invariant under the dual action of the circle group. We then prove the analogous statement for the case of product systems, generalizing a theorem of Arveson from the case of product systems of Hilbert spaces.
We examine Nica-Pimsner algebras associated with semigroup actions of $\mathbb{Z}_+^n$ on a C*-algebra $A$ by $*$-endomorphisms. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on the dynamics for exactness and nuclearity of the Nica-Pimsner algebras. Furthermore we parameterize the KMS states at finite temperature by the tracial states on $A$. A parametrization is also shown for KMS states at zero temperature (resp. ground states) by the tracial states on $A$ (resp. states on $A$). Finally we give a formula for obtaining tracial states on the Nica-Pimsner algebras.
In this article we study how decompositions of a quasi-lattice ordered group $(G,P)$ relate to decompositions of the Nica-Toeplitz algebra $\mathcal{NT}_\mathbf{X}$ and Cuntz-Nica-Pimsner algebra $\mathcal{NO}_\mathbf{X}$ of a compactly aligned product system $\mathbf{X}$ over $P$. In particular, we are interested in the situation where $(G,P)$ may be realised as the semidirect product of quasi-lattice ordered groups. Our results generalise Deaconu's work on iterated Toeplitz and Cuntz-Pimsner algebras - we show that the Nica-Toeplitz algebra and Cuntz-Nica-Pimsner algebra of a compactly align…
We examine the theory of the KMS states on Pimsner algebras arising from multivariable unital C*-dynamical systems. As an application we show that Pimsner algebras of piecewise conjugate classical systems attain the same KMS states, even though it is still an open problem whether or not they are $*$-isomorphic.
Starting from an arbitrary endomorphism αof a unital C*-algebra A we construct a crossed product. It is shown that the natural construction depends not only on the C*-dynamical system (A,α) but also on the choice of an ideal orthogonal to kernel of α. The article gives an explicit description of the internal structure of this crossed product and, in particular, discusses the interrelation between relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras and partial isometric crossed products. We present a canonical procedure that reduces any given C*-correspondence to the 'smallest' C*-correspondence yielding the same …
Given a locally compact group $G$ and a unitary representation $ρ:G\to U({\mathcal H})$ on a Hilbert space ${\mathcal H}$, we construct a $C^*$-correspondence ${\mathcal E}(ρ)={\mathcal H}\otimes_{\mathbb C} C^*(G)$ over $C^*(G)$ and study the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra ${\mathcal O}_{{\mathcal E}(ρ)}$. We prove that for $G$ compact, ${\mathcal O}_{{\mathcal E}(ρ)}$ is strong Morita equivalent to a graph $C^*$-algebra. If $λ$ is the left regular representation of an infinite, discrete and amenable group $G$, we show that ${\mathcal O}_{{\mathcal E}(λ)}$ is simple and purely infinite, with the same …
Given a finitely aligned $k$-graph $Λ$, we let $Λ^i$ denote the $(k-1)$-graph formed by removing all edges of degree $e_i$ from $Λ$. We show that the Toeplitz-Cuntz-Krieger algebra of $Λ$, denoted by $\mathcal{T}C^*(Λ)$, may be realised as the Toeplitz algebra of a Hilbert $\mathcal{T}C^*(Λ^i)$-bimodule. When $Λ$ is locally-convex, we show that the Cuntz-Krieger algebra of $Λ$, which we denote by $C^*(Λ)$, may be realised as the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of a Hilbert $C^*(Λ^i)$-bimodule. Consequently, $\mathcal{T}C^*(Λ)$ and $C^*(Λ)$ may be viewed as iterated Toeplitz and iterated Cuntz-Pimsner al…
We consider a family of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras associated to self-similar group actions, and their Toeplitz analogues. Both families carry natural dynamics implemented by automorphic actions of the real line, and we investigate the equilibrium states (the KMS states) for these dynamical systems. We find that for all inverse temperatures above a critical value, the KMS states on the Toeplitz algebra are given, in a very concrete way, by traces on the full group algebra of the group. At the critical inverse temperature, the KMS states factor through states of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra; if the se…
We compute the sheaf cohomology of a groupoid built from a local homeomorphism of a locally compact space $X$. In particular, we identify the twists over this groupoid, and its Brauer group. Our calculations refine those made by Kumjian, Muhly, Renault and Williams in the case $X$ is the path space of a graph, and the local homeomorphism is the shift. We also show how the C*-algebra of a twist may be identified with the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra constructed from a certain C*-correspondence.
We consider Exel's new construction of a crossed product of a C*-algebra A by an endomorphism α. We prove that this crossed product is universal for an appropriate family of covariant representations, and we show that it can be realised as a relative Cuntz-Pimsner algbera. We describe a necessary and sufficient condition for the canonical map from A into the crossed product to be injective, and present several examples to demonstrate the scope of this result. We also prove a gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem for the crossed product.
Let $A$ be a separable unital C*-algebra and let $π: A \ra \Lc(\Hf)$ be a faithful representation of $A$ on a separable Hilbert space $\Hf$ such that $π(A) \cap \Kc(\Hf) = \{0 \}$. We show that $\Oc_E$, the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra associated to the Hilbert $A$-bimodule $E = \Hf \ot_{\C} A$, is simple and purely infinite. If $A$ is nuclear and belongs to the bootstrap class to which the UCT applies, then the same applies to $\Oc_E$. Hence by the Kirchberg-Phillips Theorem the isomorphism class of $\Oc_E$ only depends on the $K$-theory of $A$ and the class of the unit.
For $A$ a $C^*$-algebra, $E_1, E_2$ two Hilbert bimodules over $A$, and a fixed isomorphism $χ: E_1\otimes_AE_2\to E_2\otimes_AE_1$, we consider the problem of computing the $K$-theory of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra ${\mathcal O}_{E_2\otimes_A{\mathcal O}_{E_1}}$ obtained by extending the scalars and by iterating the Pimsner construction. The motivating examples are a commutative diagram of Douglas and Howe for the Toeplitz operators on the quarter plane, and the Toeplitz extensions associated by Pimsner and Voiculescu to compute the $K$-theory of a crossed product. The applications are for Hilb…
We give a construction of a nuclear $C^\ast$-algebra associated with an amalgamated free product of groups, generalizing Spielberg's construction of a certain Cuntz-Krieger algebra associated with a finitely generated free product of cyclic groups. Our nuclear $C^\ast$-algebras can be identified with certain Cuntz-Krieger-Pimsner algebras. We will also show that our algebras can be obtained by the crossed product construction of the canonical actions on the hyperbolic boundaries, which proves a special case of Adams' result about amenability of the boundary action for hyperbolic groups. We wil…
We describe a method of adding tails to C*-correspondences which generalizes the process used in the study of graph C*-algebras. We show how this technique can be used to extend results for augmented Cuntz-Pimsner algebras to C*-algebras associated to general C*-correspondences, and as an application we prove a gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem for these algebras. We also define a notion of relative graph C*-algebras and show that properties of these C*-algebras can provide insight and motivation for results about relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras.
There are many different crossed products by an endomorphism of a C*-algebra, and constructions by Exel and Stacey have proved particularly useful. Here we show that every Exel crossed product is isomorphic to a Stacey crossed product (though by a different endomorphism of a different C*-algebra), that every Stacey crossed product is an Exel crossed product, and answer some questions raised by Ionescu and Muhly. While this manuscript is not yet in its final form(s) several people have already used our results, so we are posting it now.
We show that if $G$ is a second countable locally compact Hausdorff étale groupoid carrying a suitable cocycle $c:G\to\mathbb{Z}$, then the reduced $C^*$-algebra of $G$ can be realised naturally as the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra of a correspondence over the reduced $C^*$-algebra of the kernel $G_0$ of $c$. If the full and reduced $C^*$-algebras of $G_0$ coincide, we deduce that the full and reduced $C^*$-algebras of $G$ coincide. We obtain a six-term exact sequence describing the $K$-theory of $C^*_r(G)$ in terms of that of $C^*_r(G_0)$.
Unifying two notions of an action and coaction of a locally compact group on a $C^*$-cor\-re\-spond\-ence we introduce a coaction $(σ,δ)$ of a Hopf $C^*$-algebra $S$ on a $C^*$-cor\-re\-spond\-ence $(X,A)$. We show that this coaction naturally induces a coaction $ζ$ of $S$ on the associated Cuntz-Pimsner algebra $\mathcal{O}_X$ under the weak $δ$-invariancy for the ideal $J_X$. When the Hopf $C^*$-algebra $S$ is defined by a well-behaved multiplicative unitary, we construct a $C^*$-cor\-re\-spond\-ence $(X\rtimes_σ\widehat{S},A\rtimes_δ\widehat{S})$ from $(σ,δ)$ and show that it has a represen…
The algebraic Cuntz-Pimsner rings are naturally $\mathbb{Z}$-graded rings that generalize both Leavitt path algebras and unperforated $\mathbb{Z}$-graded Steinberg algebras. We classify strongly, epsilon-strongly and nearly epsilon-strongly graded algebraic Cuntz-Pimsner rings up to graded isomorphism. As an application, we characterize noetherian and artinian fractional skew monoid rings by a single corner automorphism.
Since their inception in the 30's by von Neumann, operator algebras have been used in shedding light in many mathematical theories. Classification results for self-adjoint and non-self-adjoint operator algebras manifest this approach, but a clear connection between the two was sought since their emergence in the late 60's. We connect these seemingly separate type of results by uncovering a hierarchy of classification for non-self-adjoint operator algebras and $C^*$-algebras with additional $C^*$-algebraic structure. Our approach naturally applies to algebras arising from $C^*$-correspondences …
We describe the flows of weights for von Neumann algebras arising from KMS states for the gauge actions of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebras in terms of Poisson (tail) boundaries.
The article discusses the interrelation between relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras and partial isometric crossed products, and presents a procedure that reduces any given Hilbert bimodule to the "smallest" Hilbert bimodule yielding the same relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebra as the initial one. In the context of crossed products this reduction procedure corresponds to reduction of C*-dynamical systems.
We prove six-term exact sequences of Pimsner-Voiculescu type for certain subalgebras of the Cuntz-Pimsner algebras. This sequence may, in particular, be applied to smooth subalgebras of the Quantum Heisenberg Manifolds in order to compute the generators of their cyclic cohomology. Further, our results include the known results for smooth crossed products. Our proof is based on a combination of arguments from the setting of (Cuntz-)Pimsner algebras and the Toeplitz proof of Bott-periodicity.
We establish exact sequences in $KK$-theory for graded relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras associated to nondegenerate $C^*$-correspondences. We use this to calculate the graded $K$-theory and $K$-homology of relative Cuntz-Krieger algebras of directed graphs for gradings induced by $\{0,1\}$-valued labellings of their edge sets.
We give a short proof of a recent theorem of Ionescu which shows that the Cuntz-Pimsner C*-algebra of a certain correspondence associated to a Mauldin-Williams graph is isomorphic to the graph algebra.
Let E be a C*-correspondence over a C*-algebra \A with non-degenerate faithful left action. We show that E admits sufficiently many essential representations (i.e. representations ψsuch that ψ(E)H = H to recover the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra O_E.
To every $C^*$ correspondence over a $C^*$-algebra one can associate a Cuntz-Pimsner algebra generalizing crossed product constructions, graph $C^*$-algebras, and a host of other classes of operator algebras. Cuntz-Pimsner algebras come equipped with a `gauge action' by the circle group and its finite subgroups. For unital Cuntz-Pimsner algebras, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the gauge actions (by either the circle or its closed subgroups) to be free.
Suppose $A$ is a $C^*$-algebra and $H$ is a $C^*$-correspondence over $A$. If $H$ is regular in the sense that the left action of $A$ is faithful and is given by compact operators, then we compute the $K$-theory of $\mathcal{O}_A(H) \rtimes \mathbb{T}$ where the action is the usual gauge action. The case where $A$ is an AF-algebra is carefully analyzed. In particular, if $A$ is AF, we show $\mathcal{O}_A(H) \rtimes \mathbb{T}$ is AF. Combining this with Takai duality and an AF-embedding theorem of N. Brown, we show the conditions AF-embeddability, quasidiagonality, and stable finiteness are eq…
Let (G,P) be a quasi-lattice ordered group and let X be a compactly aligned product system over P of Hilbert bimodules. Under mild hypotheses we associate to X a C*-algebra which we call the Cuntz-Nica-Pimsner algebra of X. Our construction generalises a number of others: a sub-class of Fowler's Cuntz-Pimsner algebras for product systems of Hilbert bimodules; Katsura's formulation of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of Hilbert bimodules; the C*-algebras of finitely aligned higher-rank graphs; and Crisp and Laca's boundary quotients of Toeplitz algebras. We show that for a large class of product systems …
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for nuclearity of Cuntz-Nica-Pimsner algebras for a variety of quasi-lattice ordered groups. First we deal with the free abelian lattice case. We use this as a stepping stone to tackle product systems over quasi-lattices that are controlled by the free abelian lattice and satisfy a minimality property. Our setting accommodates examples like the Baumslag-Solitar lattice for $n=m>0$ and the right-angled Artin groups. More generally the class of quasi-lattices for which our results apply is closed under taking semi-direct and graph products. In the proc…