Alexander Polishchuk
We prove that every holomorphic vector bundle on a noncommutative two-torus $T$ can be obtained by successive extensions from standard holomorphic bundles considered in math.QA/0211262. This implies that the category of holomorphic bundles on $T$ is equivalent to the heart of certain $t$-structure on the derived category of coherent sheaves on an elliptic curve.
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The first part of these notes gives an introduction to noncommutative projective geometry after Artin--Zhang. The second part provides an overview of the work of Polishchuk that reconciles noncommutative two-tori having real multiplication with the Artin--Zhang setting.
We construct explicitly noncommutative deformations of categories of holomorphic line bundles over higher dimensional tori. Our basic tools are Heisenberg modules over noncommutative tori and complex/holomorphic structures on them introduced by A. Schwarz. We obtain differential graded (DG) categories as full subcategories of curved DG categories of Heisenberg modules over the complex noncommutative tori. Also, we present the explicit composition formula of morphisms, which in fact depends on the noncommutativity.
We define analogues of homogeneous coordinate algebras for noncommutative two-tori with real multiplication. We prove that the categories of standard holomorphic vector bundles on such noncommutative tori can be described in terms of graded modules over appropriate homogeneous coordinate algebras. We give a criterion for such an algebra to be Koszul and prove that the Koszul dual algebra also comes from some noncommutative two-torus with real multiplication. These results are based on the techniques of math.QA/0211262 allowing to interpret all the data in terms of autoequivalences of the deriv…
We define the notion of a holomorphic bundle on the noncommutative toric orbifold $T_θ/G$ associated with an action of a finite cyclic group $G$ on an irrational rotation algebra. We prove that the category of such holomorphic bundles is abelian and its derived category is equivalent to the derived category of modules over a finite-dimensional algebras $Λ$. As an application we finish the computation of $K_0$-groups of the crossed product algebras describing the above orbifolds initiated by Kumjian, Walters and Buck. Also, we describe a torsion pair in the category of $Λ$-modules, such that th…
Holomorphic Jet Modules and Holomorphic Connections for Noncommutative Complex Curves
本文将Atiyah的全纯喷射束形式化扩展到非交换代数上的全纯向量包，定义了全纯连接的概念，并证明全纯向量包存在全纯连接当且仅当喷射序列在全纯范畴中分裂。
We review some aspects of the theory of noncommutative two-tori with real multiplication focusing on the role played by Heisenberg groups in the definition of algebraic structures associated to these noncommutative spaces.
In this paper we show that in the case of noncommutative two-tori one gets in a natural way simple structures which have analogous formal properties as Hopf algebra structures but with a deformed multiplication on the tensor product.
We survey some aspects of the theory of noncommutative manifolds focusing on the noncommutative analogs of two-dimensional tori and low-dimensional spheres. We are particularly interested in those aspects of the theory that link the differential geometry and the algebraic geometry of these spaces.
In this paper, we give a description of holomorphic multi-vector fields on smooth compact toric varieties, which generalizes Demazure's result of holomorphic vector fields on toric varieties. Based on the result, we compute the Poisson cohomology groups of holomorphic toric Poisson manifolds, i.e., toric varieties endowed with $T$-invariant holomorphic Poisson structures.
We analyze in detail projective modules over two-dimensional noncommutative tori and complex structures on these modules.We concentrate our attention on properties of holomorphic vectors in these modules; the theory of these vectors generalizes the theory of theta-functions. The paper is self-contained; it can be used also as an introduction to the theory of noncommutative spaces with simplest space of this kind thoroughly analyzed as a basic example.
Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities of Fractional Order on Noncommutative Tori
本文证明了任意维度$n\geq 2$的非交换$n$-环面上的分数阶对数Sobolev不等式。
Our aim in this paper is to compute the entire cyclic cohomology of noncommutative 2-tori. First of all, we clarify their algebraic structure of noncommutative 2-tori as a $F^*$-algebra, according to the idea of Elliott-Evans. Actually, they are the inductive limit of subhomogeneous $F^*$-algebras. Using such a result, we compute their entire cyclic cohomology, which is isomorphic to their periodic one as a complex vector space.
A general question behind this paper is to explore a good notion for intrinsic curvature in the framework of noncommutative geometry started by Alain Connes in the 80s. It has only recently begun (2014) to be comprehended via the intensive study of modular geometry on the noncommutative two tori. In this paper, we extend recent results on the modular geometry on noncommutative two tori to a larger class of noncommutative manifolds: toric noncommutative manifolds. The first contribution of this work is a pseudo differential calculus which is suitable for spectral geometry on toric noncommutativ…
We define and study analogues of exponentials for functions on noncommutative two-tori that depend on a choice of a complex structure. The major difference with the commutative case is that our noncommutative exponentials can be defined only for sufficiently small functions. We show that this phenomenon is related to the existence of certain discriminant hypersurfaces in an irrational rotation algebra. As an application of our methods we give a very explicit characterization of connected components in the group of invertible elements of this algebra.
We prove that the Shimizu L-function of a real quadratic field is obtained from a (Lorentzian) spectral triple on a noncommutative torus with real multiplication, as an adiabatic limit of the Dirac operator on a 3-dimensional solvmanifold. The Dirac operator on this 3-dimensional geometry gives, via the Connes-Landi isospectral deformations, a spectral triple for the noncommutative tori obtained by deforming the fiber tori to noncommutative spaces. The 3-dimensional solvmanifold is the homotopy quotient in the sense of Baum--Connes of the noncommutative space obtained as the crossed product of…
We use Getzler's Gauss-Manin connection to prove the invariance of periodic cyclic cohomology for the smooth deformation of noncommutative tori. We explicitly calculate the parallel translation maps and use them to describe the behavior of the Chern-Connes pairing under this deformation.
We show that in the generic case the smooth noncommutative tori associated to two n by n real skew-symmetric matrices are Morita equivalent if and only if the matrices are in the same orbit of the natural SO(n, n| Z) action.
We define a noncommutative residue for classical Euclidean pseudodifferential operators on a torus of arbitrary dimension. We prove that, up to multiplication by a constant, it is the unique trace on the algebra of classical pseudodifferential operators modulo infinitely smoothing operators. In the case of the two torus, we show that the noncommutative residue is the semiclassical limit of a noncommutative residue defined on classical pseudodifferential operators on noncommutative two tori.
We introduce the notion of a quasicoherent sheaf on a complex noncommutative two-torus $T$ as an ind-object in the category of holomorphic vector bundles on $T$. Extending the results of math.QA/0211262 and math.QA/0308136 we prove that the derived category of quasicoherent sheaves on $T$ is equivalent to the derived category of usual quasicoherent sheaves on the corresponding elliptic curve. We define the rank of a quasicoherent sheaf that can take arbitrary nonnegative real values. We study the category $\Qcoh(η_T)$ obtained by taking the quotient of the category of quasicoherent sheaves by …
Ordinary theta-functions can be considered as holomorphic sections of line bundles over tori. We show that one can define generalized theta-functions as holomorphic elements of projective modules over noncommutative tori (theta-vectors). The theory of these new objects is not only more general, but also much simpler than the theory of ordinary theta-functions. It seems that the theory of theta-vectors should be closely related to Manin's theory of quantized theta-functions, but we don't analyze this relation.
We show that matrices in the same orbit of the SO(n, n|Z) action on the space of n\times n skew-symmetric matrices give strong Morita equivalent noncommutative tori, both at the C*-algebra level and at the smooth algebra level. This proves a conjecture of Rieffel and Schwarz.
In this paper we study the moduli space of standard holomorphic structures on a noncommutative complex two torus. It will be shown that the moduli space is naturally identified with the moduli space of stable bundles on an elliptic curve. We also propose that the mirror reflection of the noncommutative complex torus is the mirror reflection of the elliptic curve together with a linear foliation. From this we identify the moduli space of super cycles on the mirror reflection with the moduli space of standard holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative complex torus.
We study the homogeneous coordinate rings of real multiplication noncommutative tori as defined by A. Polishchuk. Our aim is to understand how these rings give rise to an arithmetic structure on the noncommutative torus. We start by giving an explicit presentation of these rings in terms of their natural generators. This presentation gives us information about the rationality of the rings and is the starting point for the analysis of the corresponding geometric data. Linear bases for these rings are also discussed. The basic role played by theta functions in these computations gives relations …
This is the second in a series of papers intended to set up a framework to study categories of modules in the context of non-commutative geometries. In \cite{mem} we introduced the basic DG category $\Pc_{\A^\bullet}$, the perfect category of $\A^\bullet$, which corresponded to the category of coherent sheaves on a complex manifold. In this paper we enlarge this category to include objects which correspond to quasi-coherent sheaves. We then apply this framework to proving an equivalence of categories between derived categories on the noncommutative complex torus and on a holomorphic gerbe on t…
We show that two C*-algebraic noncommutative tori are strongly Morita equivalent if and only if they have isomorphic ordered K_0-groups and centers, extending N. C. Phillips's result in the case that the algebras are simple. This is also generalized to the twisted group C*-algebras of arbitrary finitely generated abelian groups.
It is known that the physics of open strings on a D2-brane on a two-torus is realized from the viewpoint of deformation quantization in the Seiberg-Witten limit. We study its T-dual theory, i.e. D1-brane physics on two-tori. Such theory is described by Kronecker foliation. The algebra of open strings on the D1-brane is then identified with the crossed product representation of a noncommutative two-torus. The Morita equivalence of noncommutative two-tori is also realized geometrically along this line. As an application, Heisenberg modules and the tensor product between them are discussed from t…
Homological mirror symmetry is a conjecture that a category constructed in the A-model and a category constructed in the B-model are equivalent in some sense. We construct a cyclic differential graded (DG) category of holomorphic vector bundles on noncommutative two-tori as a category in the B-model side. We define the corresponding Fukaya's category in the A-model side, and prove the equivalence of the two categories at the level of cyclic categories. We further write down explicitly Feynman rules for higher Massey products derived from the cyclic DG category. As a background of these argumen…
In this paper we study the category of standard holomorphic vector bundles on a noncommutative two-torus. We construct a functor from the derived category of such bundles to the derived category of coherent sheaves on an elliptic curve and prove that it induces an equivalence with the subcategory of stable objects. By the homological mirror symmetry for elliptic curves this implies an equivalence between the derived category of holomorphic bundles on a noncommutative two-torus and the Fukaya category of the corresponding symplectic (commutative) torus.
We derive the Kac-Paljutkin finite-dimensional Hopf algebras as finite fibrations of the quantum double torus and generalize the construction for quantum multiple tori.
One can describe an $n$-dimensional noncommutative torus by means of an antisymmetric $n\times n$-matrix $θ$. We construct an action of the group $SO(n,n|\bf Z)$ on the space of antisymmetric matrices and show that, generically, matrices belonging to the same orbit of this group give Morita equivalent tori. Some applications to physics are sketched.
We study the interplay between noncommutative tori and noncommutative elliptic curves through a category of equivariant differential modules on $\mathbb{C}^*$. We functorially relate this category to the category of holomorphic vector bundles on noncommutative tori as introduced by Polishchuk and Schwarz and study the induced map between the corresponding K-theories. In addition, there is a forgetful functor to the category of noncommutative elliptic curves of Soibelman and Vologodsky, as well as a forgetful functor to the category of vector bundles on $\mathbb{C}^*$ with regular singular conn…
Quantum symmetries of noncommutative tori
本文提出利用有限维数据在归纳极限 C*-代数上构造融合范畴作用的方法，并据此在不同维数的非交换环面上实现 Haagerup–Izuma、$E_8$ 子因子偶数部分及 $\ ext{PSU}(2)_{15}$ 的非可逆量子对称性。
Generalized theta functions, projectively flat vector bundles and noncommutative tori
本文利用非交换环面表示描述二维环面上的 Hermitian-Einstein 向量丛，重建 Matsushima 理论，并将 theta 函数推广为向量值形式以显现 FMN 对偶。
We consider the Dirac operator of a general metric in the canonical conformal class on the noncommutative two torus, twisted by an idempotent (representing the $K$-theory class of a general noncommutative vector bundle), and derive a local formula for the Fredholm index of the twisted Dirac operator. Our approach is based on the McKean-Singer index formula, and explicit heat expansion calculations by making use of Connes' pseudodifferential calculus. As a technical tool, a new rearrangement lemma is proved to handle challenges posed by the noncommutativity of the algebra and the presence of an…
This paper defines and examines the basic properties of noncommutative analogues of almost complex structures, integrable almost complex structures, holomorphic curvature, cohomology, and holomorphic sheaves. The starting point is a differential structure on a noncommutative algebra defined in terms of a differential graded algebra. This is compared to current ideas on noncommutative algebraic geometry.
The spectral eta function for certain families of Dirac operators on noncommutative $3$-torus is considered and the regularity at zero is proved. By using variational techniques, we show that $η_{D}(0)$ is a conformal invariant. By studying the Laurent expansion at zero of $\text{TR} (|D|^{-z})$, the conformal invariance of $ζ'_{|D|}(0)$ for noncommutative $3$-torus is proved. Finally, for the coupled Dirac operator, a local formula for the variation $\partial_Aη_{D+A}(0)$ is derived which is the analogue of the so called induced Chern-Simons term in quantum field theory literature.
We study a technical problem arising from the spectral geometry of noncommutative tori: the small time heat trace asymptotic associated to a general second order elliptic operator. We extend the rearrangement operators in the conformal case to the general setting using hypergeometric integrals over Grassmannians. The main result is the explicit formula of the second heat coefficient in terms of the coefficients. When specializing to examples in conformal case, we not only recover results in previous works but also obtain some extra functional relations whose validation provides experimental su…
We prove the analogue of Weyl's law for a noncommutative Riemannian manifold, namely the noncommutative two torus $\mathbb{T}_θ^2$ equipped with a general translation invariant conformal structure and a Weyl conformal factor. This is achieved by studying the asymptotic distribution of the eigenvalues of the perturbed Laplacian on $\mathbb{T}_θ^2$. We also prove the analogue of Connes' trace theorem by showing that the Dixmier trace and a noncommutative residue coincide on pseudodifferential operators of order -2 on $\mathbb{T}_θ^2$.
When considered as submanifolds of Euclidean space, the Riemannian geometry of the round sphere and the Clifford torus may be formulated in terms of Poisson algebraic expressions involving the embedding coordinates, and a central object is the projection operator, projecting tangent vectors in the ambient space onto the tangent space of the submanifold. In this note, we point out that there exist noncommutative analogues of these projection operators, which implies a very natural definition of noncommutative tangent spaces as particular projective modules. These modules carry an induced connec…
We prove a conjecture of Rosenberg about the minimal value for energies of untaries in the two-dimensional noncommutative tori and answer a question of his about lower bounds for energies of unital *-endomorphisms of the two-dimensional noncommutative tori.
In this paper we give a proof of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem of Connes and Tretkoff for noncommutative two tori $\mathbb{T}_θ^2$ equipped with an arbitrary translation invariant complex structure. More precisely, we show that for any complex number $τ$ in the upper half plane, representing the conformal class of a metric on $\mathbb{T}_θ^2$, and a Weyl factor given by a positive invertible element $k \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb{T}_θ^2)$, the value at the origin, $ζ(0)$, of the spectral zeta function of the Laplacian $\triangle'$ attached to $(\mathbb{T}_θ^2, τ, k)$ is independent of $τ$ and $k$.
This paper deals with sheaves of differential operators on noncommutative algebras. The sheaves are defined by quotienting a the tensor algebra of vector fields (suitably deformed by a covariant derivative) to ensure zero curvature. As an example we can obtain enveloping algebra like relations for Hopf algebras with differential structures which are not bicovariant. Symbols of differential operators are defined, but not studied. These sheaves are shown to be in the center of as category of bimodules with flat bimodule covariant derivatives. Also holomorphic differential operators are considere…
In this paper we study the curved geometry of noncommutative 4-tori $\mathbb{T}_θ^4$. We use a Weyl conformal factor to perturb the standard volume form and obtain the Laplacian that encodes the local geometric information. We use Connes' pseudodifferential calculus to explicitly compute the terms in the small time heat kernel expansion of the perturbed Laplacian which correspond to the volume and scalar curvature of $\mathbb{T}_θ^4$. We establish the analogue of Weyl's law, define a noncommutative residue, prove the analogue of Connes' trace theorem, and find explicit formulas for the local f…
We recall a construction of non-commutative algebras related to a one-parameter family of (deformed) spheres and tori, and show that in the case of tori, the *-algebras can be completed into C*-algebras isomorphic to the standard non-commutative torus. As the former was constructed in the context of matrix (or fuzzy) geometries, it provides an important link to the framework of non-commutative geometry, and opens up for a concrete way to study deformations of non-commutative tori. Furthermore, we show how the well-known fuzzy sphere and fuzzy torus can be obtained as formal scaling limits of f…
As a noncommutative generalization of the addition formula of theta functions, we construct a class of theta functions which are closed with respect to the Moyal star product of a fixed noncommutative parameter. These theta functions can be regarded as bases of the space of holomorphic homomorphisms between holomorphic line bundles over noncommutative complex tori.
We compute the Ricci curvature of a curved noncommutative three torus. The computation is done both for conformal and non-conformal perturbations of the flat metric. To perturb the flat metric, the standard volume form on the noncommutative three torus is perturbed and the corresponding perturbed Laplacian is analyzed. Using Connes' pseudodifferential calculus for the noncommutative tori, we explicitly compute the second term of the short time heat kernel expansion for the perturbed Laplacians on functions and on 1-forms. The Ricci curvature is defined by localizing heat traces suitably. Equiv…
We construct the so-called theta vectors on noncommutative T^4, which correspond to the theta functions on commutative tori with complex structures. Following the method of Dieng and Schwarz, we first construct holomorphic connections and then find the functions satisfying the holomorphic conditions, the theta vectors. The holomorphic structure in the noncommutative T^4 case is given by a 2x2 complex matrix, and the consistency requires its off-diagonal elements to be the same. We also construct the tensor product of these functions satisfying the consistency requirement.
In this paper we investigate the curvature of conformal deformations by noncommutative Weyl factors of a flat metric on a noncommutative 2-torus, by analyzing in the framework of spectral triples functionals associated to perturbed Dolbeault operators. The analogue of Gaussian curvature turns out to be a sum of two functions in the modular operator corresponding to the non-tracial weight defined by the conformal factor, applied to expressions involving derivatives of the same factor. The first is a generating function for the Bernoulli numbers and is applied to the noncommutative Laplacian of …
Spectral geometry of functional metrics on noncommutative tori
本文提出非交换环面上的泛函度量，构造 Laplace 型算子并利用热迹渐近推导第二密度、标量曲率及 Gauss–Bonnet 型定理。
We define holomorphic structures on canonical line bundles of the quantum projective space $\qp^{\ell}_q$ and identify their space of holomorphic sections. This determines the quantum homogeneous coordinate ring of the quantum projective space. We show that the fundamental class of $\qp^{\ell}_q$ is naturally presented by a twisted positive Hochschild cocycle. Finally, we verify the main statements of Riemann-Roch formula and Serre duality for $\qp^{1}_q$ and $\qp^{2}_q$.
An analogue of Gross' logarithmic Sobolev inequality for a class of elements of noncommutative two tori is proved.
For any number $h$ such that $\hbar:=h/2π$ is irrational and any skew-symmetric, non-degenerate bilinear form $σ:\mathbb{Z}^{2g}\times \mathbb{Z}^{2g} \to \mathbb{Z}$, let be $\mathcal{A}^h_{g,σ}$ be the twisted group $*$-algebra $\mathbb{C}[\mathbb{Z}^{2g}]$ and consider the ergodic group of $*$-automorphisms of $\mathcal{A}^h_{g,σ}$ induced by the action of the symplectic group Sp$(\mathbb{Z}^{2g},σ)$. We show that the only Sp$(\mathbb{Z}^{2g},σ)$-invariant state on $\mathcal{A}^h_{g,σ}$ is the trace state $τ$.
We consider the Laplacian associated with a general metric in the canonical conformal structure of the noncommutative two torus, and calculate a local expression for the term a_4 that appears in its corresponding small-time heat kernel expansion. The final formula involves one variable functions and lengthy two, three and four variable functions of the modular automorphism of the state that encodes the conformal perturbation of the flat metric. We confirm the validity of the calculated expressions by showing that they satisfy a family of conceptually predicted functional relations. By studying…
We consider the algebra $A$ of bounded operators on $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$ generated by quantizations of isometric affine canonical transformations. The algebra $A$ includes as subalgebras all noncommutative tori and toric orbifolds. We define the spectral triple $(A, H, D)$ with $H=L^2(\mathbb R^n, Λ(\mathbb R^n))$ and the Euler operator $D$, a first order differential operator of index $1$. We show that this spectral triple has simple dimension spectrum: For every operator $B$ in the algebra $Ψ(A,H,D)$ generated by the Shubin type pseudodifferential operators and the elements of $A$, the zeta f…
All iterated skew polynomial extensions arising from quantized universal enveloping algebras of Kac-Moody algebras are special examples of a very large, axiomatically defined class of algebras, called CGL extensions. For the purposes of constructing initial clusters for quantum cluster algebra structures on an algebra R, and classification of the automorphisms of R, one needs embeddings of R into quantum tori T which have the property that R contains the corresponding quantum affine space algebra A. We explicitly construct such an embedding A \subseteq R \subset T for each CGL extension R usin…
We study the dimensional aspect of the geometry of quantum spaces. Introducing a physically motivated notion of the scaling dimension, we study in detail the model based on a fuzzy torus. We show that for a natural choice of a deformed Laplace operator, this model demonstrates quite non-trivial behaviour: the scaling dimension flows from 2 in IR to 1 in UV. Unlike another model with the similar property, the so-called Horava-Lifshitz model, our construction does not have any preferred direction. The dimension flow is rather achieved by a rearrangement of the degrees of freedom. In this respect…
This work is a continuation of the former paper in which principal bundles are given by compact spin toric manifolds and compact connected semisimple Lie groups. In this paper, ambient manifolds are assumed to be compact toric manifolds and Lie groups are compact connected. The main result is that locally smooth manifolds are the instanton moduli spaces of the noncommutative vector bundles over noncommutative 4-manifolds associated with highest weights of the compact Lie groups. Moreover their dimensions are described explicitly in terms of given principal bundles and highest weights. As a cor…
We study spectral triples over noncommutative principal U(1)-bundles of arbitrary dimension and formulate a compatibility condition between the connection and the Dirac operator on the total space and on the base space of the bundle. Examples of low dimensional noncommutative tori are analyzed in more detail and all connections found that are compatible with an admissible Dirac operator. Conversely, a family of new Dirac operators on the noncommutative tori, which arise from the base-space Dirac operator and a suitable connection is exhibited. These examples are extended to the theta-deformed …
We define and study a noncommutative Fourier transform on every homogeneous complex bounded domain. We then give an application in noncommutative differential geometry by defining noncommutative Baumslag-Solitar tori.
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