Haibao Duan, Xuezhi Zhao
The classical Schubert cells on a flag manifold G/H give a cell decomposition for G/H whose Kronecker duals (known as Schubert classes) form an additive base for the integral cohomology H^{\ast}(G/H). We present a formula that expresses Steenrod mod-p operations on Schubert classes in G/H in terms of Cartan numbers of G.
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Steenrod operations have been defined by Voedvodsky in motivic cohomology in order to show the Milnor and Bloch-Kato conjectures. These operations have also been constructed by Brosnan for Chow rings. The purpose of this paper is to provide a setting for the construction of the Steenrod operations in algebraic geometry, for generalized cohomology theories whose formal group law has order two. We adapt the methods used by Bisson-Joyal in studying Steenrod and Dyer-Lashof operations in unoriented cobordism and mod 2 cohomology.
This article fills some gaps in Voevodsky's construction of the Steenrod operations acting on the motivic cohomology with coefficients in Z/lZ of motivic spaces in the sense of Morel and Voevodsky over a perfect field of characteristic different from l. Moreover, as a consequence of the method of proof of a theorem by Voevodsky on stable cohomology operations, we show that the spectrum that represents motivic cohomology with coefficients Z/lZ has no nonzero "superphantom" endomorphism.
We use the Steenrod algebra to study $CH^*BG$, the mod $p$ Chow ring of the classifying space of $G$. We describe a localization property which relates a given $G$ to its elementary abelian subgroups, and we study a number of particular cases, namely symmetric groups and Chevalley groups. It turns out that the Chow rings of these groups are completely determined by the abelian subgroups and their fusion.
Using the recent work of Frankland and Spitzweck, we define Steenrod operations $P^{n}$ on the mod $p$ motivic cohomology of smooth varieties defined over a base field of characteristic $p$. We show that $P^{n}$ is the $p$th power on $H^{2n,n}(-,\mathbb{F}_{p})\cong CH^{n}(-)/p$ and prove an instability result for the operations. Restricted to mod $p$ Chow groups, we show that the operations satisfy the expected Adem relations and Cartan formula. For $p=2$, we use the new Steenrod squares to obtain new results on quadratic forms over a base field of characteristic $2$.
In this paper we use Peter May's algebraic approach to Steenrod operations to construct Steenrod's reduced power operations in simplicial Bredon-Illman cohomology with local coefficients of a one vertex G-Kan complex, G being a discrete group.
In this paper, we compute the action of the mod $p$ Steenrod operations on the modular invariants of the linear groups with $p$ an odd prime number.
We prove a relationship between quantum Steenrod operations and the quantum connection. In particular there are operations extending the quantum Steenrod power operations that, when viewed as endomorphisms of equivariant quantum cohomology, are covariantly constant. We demonstrate how this property is used in computations of examples.
We show how to find the Steenrod operations in H^*(X) (the coefficients in F_p) given the diagonal morphism d_#:S_*(X)->S_*(X^p) and the action of the cyclic group C_p on S_*(X^p). Our construction needs no other data such as Eilenberg-Zilber morphisms.
In this article we construct Symmetric operations for all primes (previously known only for p=2). These unstable operations are more subtle than the Landweber-Novikov operations, and encode all p-primary divisibilities of characteristic numbers. Thus, taken together (for all primes) they plug the gap left by the Hurewitz map L ---> Z[b_1,b_2,...], providing an important structure on Algebraic Cobordism. Applications include: questions of rationality of Chow group elements - see [11], and the structure of the Graded Algebraic Cobordism. We also construct Steenrod operations of T.tom Dieck-style…
We prove a 1966 conjecture of Tate concerning the Artin-Tate pairing on the Brauer group of a surface over a finite field, which is the analogue of the Cassels-Tate pairing. Tate asked if this pairing is always alternating and we find an affirmative answer, which is somewhat surprising in view of the work of Poonen-Stoll on the Cassels-Tate pairing. Our method is based on studying a connection between the Artin-Tate pairing and (generalizations of) Steenrod operations in étale cohomology. Inspired by an analogy to the algebraic topology of manifolds, we develop tools allowing us to calculate t…
We define a chain map of the form $\E(k)\otimes BA^{\otimes k}\longrightarrow BA$, where $\E$ is a combinatorial $E_\infty$-operad called the sequence operad, and $BA$ is the bar complex of an $\E$-algebra $A$. We see that Steenrod-type operations derived from the chain map are equal to the corresponding operations on the cohomology of the based loop space under an isomorphism.
We compute the action of the primitive Steenrod-Milnor operations on generators of algebras of invariants of subgroups of general linear group GL_n=GL(n,F_p) in the polynomial algebra with p an odd prime number.
The study of the action of the Steenrod algebra on the mod $p$ cohomology of spaces has many applications to the topological structure of those spaces. In this paper we present combinatorial formulas for the action of Steenrod operations on the cohomology of Grassmannians, both in the Borel and the Schubert picture. We consider integral lifts of Steenrod operations, which lie in a certain Hopf algebra of differential operators. The latter has been considered recently as a realization of the Landweber-Novikov algebra in complex cobordism theory; it also has connections with the action of the Vi…
Steenrod defined in 1947 the Steenrod squares on the mod 2 cohomology of spaces using explicit cochain formulae for the cup-$i$ products; a family of coherent homotopies derived from the broken symmetry of Alexander--Whitney's chain approximation to the diagonal. He later defined his homonymous operations for all primes using the homology of symmetric groups. This approach enhanced the conceptual understanding of the operations and allowed for many advances, but lacked the concreteness of their definition at the even prime. In recent years, thanks to the development of new applications of coho…
In 1947, N.E. Steenrod defined the Steenrod Squares, which are mod 2 cohomology operations, using explicit cochain formulae for cup-i products of cocycles. He later recast the construction in more general homological terms, using group homology and acyclic model methods, rather than explicit cochain formulae, to define mod p operations for all primes p. Steenrod's student J. Adem applied the homological point of view to prove fundamental relations, known as the Adem relations, in the algebra of cohomology operations generated by the Steenrod operations. In this paper we give a proof of the mod…
Quantum Kirwan map and quantum Steenrod operation
该研究构造了量子Kirwan映射的等变推广，建立了经典Steenrod运算与单调辛约化的量子Steenrod运算的联系，提供了量子Steenrod运算的新计算方法，并解决了辛框架下Salamon量子Kirwan映射猜想的单调情形。
Steenrod operations and symplectic arithmetic duality
本文基于2025年AMS代数几何夏季研讨会报告，介绍Tate提出的有限域上曲面Brauer群辛形式存在猜想，并梳理相关文献的证明思路。
Let G be a compact connected Lie group with a maximal torus T\subsetG. In the context of Schubert calculus we obtain a canonical presentation for the integral cohomology ring H^{\ast}(G/T) of the complete flag manifold G/T. The result have been applied in [15] to construct the integral cohomology ring H^{\ast}(G) in terms of Schubert classes on G/T, and in [16] to determine the structure of the modp cohomology H^{\ast}(G;F_{p}) as a Hopf algebra over the Steenrod algebra.
The set of cochain multioperations defining Steenrod $\smile_i$-products in the bar construction is constructed in terms of surjection operad. This structure extends a Homotopy G-algebra structure which defines just the $\cup $ on the bar construction.
Working over the prime field F_p, the structure of the indecomposables Q^* for the action of the algebra of Steenrod reduced powers A(p) on the symmetric power functors S^* is studied by exploiting the theory of strict polynomial functors. In particular, working at the prime 2, representation stability is exhibited for certain related functors, leading to a conjectural representation stability description of quotients of Q^* arising from the polynomial filtration of symmetric powers.
We describe bialgebras of lower-indexed algebraic Steenrod operations over the field with p elements, p an odd prime. These go beyond the operations that can act nontrivially in topology, and their duals are closely related to algebras of polynomial invariants under subgroups of the general linear groups that contain the unipotent upper triangular groups. There are significant differences between these algebras and the analogous one for p=2, in particular in the nature and consequences of the defining Adem relations.
This paper provides analogues of the results of [G.Walker and R.M.W. Wood, Linking first occurrence polynomials over F_2 by Steenrod operations, J. Algebra 246 (2001), 739--760] for odd primes p. It is proved that for certain irreducible representations L(lambda) of the full matrix semigroup M_n(F_p), the first occurrence of L(lambda) as a composition factor in the polynomial algebra P=F_p[x_1,...,x_n] is linked by a Steenrod operation to the first occurrence of L(lambda) as a submodule in P. This operation is given explicitly as the image of an admissible monomial in the Steenrod algebra A_p …
Steenrod operations on polyhedral products
该研究刻画了模2 Steenrod代数在多面体乘积等空间上同调中的作用，提出上链层公式及从单纯复形到多面体join的传播方法，建立其与矩角复形作用的关联，为无稳定同伦分解的情形提供研究思路。
Prismatic Steenrod operations and arithmetic duality on Brauer groups
本文构建并分析了
Explicit extensions representing cocycles $x \in Ext_{A}^{s,t}(F_2,F_2)$ are useful in calculating Steenrod operations $Sq^i : Ext_{A}^{s,t}(F_2,F_2) \longrightarrow Ext_{A}^{s+i,2t}(F_2,F_2)$ by a method devised by the second author. This can be used to identify explicit cocycles in the minimal resolutions produced by the first author's computer programs, and this information is useful in determining differentials in the Adams spectral sequence.
Steenrod operations for $4$-dimensional toric orbifolds
本文给出$4$维环面轨道形模$2$上同调非平凡Steenrod作用的充要条件，并应用于确定稳定同伦型、规范群、部分解决上同调刚性问题及光滑情形下的自旋判据。
Equivariant Steenrod Operations
本文提出了一种针对有限群的等变斯坦诺普运算构造方法，基于 $\mathcal{N}_\infty$-环谱的 $\mathrm{R}$-欧拉序列理论。
Let S be an essentially smooth scheme over a field and l a prime number invertible on S. We show that the algebra of bistable operations in the mod l motivic cohomology of smooth S-schemes is generated by the motivic Steenrod operations. This was previously proved by Voevodsky for S a field of characteristic zero. We follow Voevodsky's proof but remove its dependence on characteristic zero by using étale cohomology instead of topological realization and by replacing resolution of singularities with a theorem of Gabber on alterations.
Let $p$ be an odd prime number. Denote by $GL_n = GL(n,\mathbb F_p)$ the general linear group over the prime field $\mathbb F_p$. Each subgroup of $GL_n$ acts on the algebra $P_n=E(x_1,\ldots,x_n)\otimes \mathbb F_p(y_1,\ldots,y_n)$ in the usual manner. We grade $P_n$ by assigning $\dim x_i=1$ and $\dim y_i=2.$ This algebra is a module over the mod $p$ Steenrod algebra $\mathcal A_p$. The purpose of the paper is to compute the action of the Steenrod-Milnor operations on the generators of $P_2^{GL_2}$. More precisely, we explicitly determine the action of $St^{(i,j)}$ on the Dickson invariants …
Let $X$ be a simply connected space and ${\Bbb F}_p$ be a prime field. The algebra of normalized singular cochains $N^*(X; {\Bbb F}_p)$ admits a natural homotopy structure which induces natural Steenrod operations on the Hochschild homology $HH_* N^*(X;{\Bbb F}_p)$ of the space $X$. The primary purpose of this paper is to prove that the J. Jones isomorphism $HH_*N^*(X;{\Bbb F}_p) \cong H ^*(X^{S^1};{\Bbb F}_p)$ identifies theses Stenrood operations with those defined on the cohomology of the free loop space with coefficients in ${\Bbb F}_p$. The other goal of this paper is to describe a theori…
Motivated by the construction of Steenrod cup-$i$ products in the singular cochain algebra of a space and in the algebra of non-commutative differential forms, we define a category of binomial cup-one differential graded algebras over the integers and over prime fields of positive characteristic. The Steenrod and Hirsch identities bind the cup-product, the cup-one product, and the differential in a package that we further enhance with a binomial ring structure arising from a ring of integer-valued rational polynomials. This structure allows us to define the free binomial cup-one differential g…
Steenrod operations via higher Bruhat orders
本文建立高阶Bruhat序与定义Steenrod平方的cup-i余积之间的对应关系，并借助zonotopal铺砌给出几何解释，从而以概念性方式证明余积性质并刻画所有合理余积。
First, by inspiration of the results of Wood \cite{differential,problems}, but with the methods of non-commutative geometry and different approach, we extend the coefficients of the Steenrod squaring operations from the filed $\mathbb{F}_2$ to the dyadic integers $\mathbb{Z}_2$ and call the resulted operations the dyadic Steenrod squares, denoted by $Jq^k$. The derivation-like operations $Jq^k$ generate a graded algebra, called the dyadic Steenrod algebra, denoted by $\mathcal{J}_2$ acting on the polynomials $\mathbb{Z}_2[ξ_1, \dots, ξ_n]$. Being $\mathcal{J}_2$ an Ore domain, enable us to loc…
We show that there are prime knots so that the Steenrod operations of Lipshitz and Sarkar arXiv:1204.5776 are non trivial on their Khovanov homology. This answers a question posed by Lipshitz and Sarkar in their paper arXiv:1709.03602. We then go on to show that there are hyperbolic and satellite knots so that the Steenrod operations are non trivial on their Khovanov homology.
We present a formula describing the action of a generalised Steenrod operation of $\Z_2$-type on the cohomology class represented by a proper self-transverse immersion $f\co M\imm X$, in terms of the equivariant double points of $f$ and the characteristic classes of its normal bundle. This generalises a classical result of R.\ Thom: If $α\in H^k(X;\Z_2)$ is the ordinary cohomology class represented by $f\co M\imm X$, then $\mathrm{Sq}^i(α)=f_* w_i(ν_f)$.
This two-page note gives a non-computational derivation of the dual Steenrod algebra as the automorphisms of the formal additive group. Instead of relying on computational tools like spectral sequences and Steenrod operations, the argument uses a few simple universal properties of certain cohomology theories.
A Steenrod square on Khovanov homology and a cup-i product
本文研究了Khovanov同调上的Steenrod平方与cup-i乘积，证明了Lipshitz-Sarkar的Sq²与Morán的sq²一致。
Operations on the cohomology of spaces are important tools enhancing the descriptive power of this computable invariant. For cohomology with mod 2 coefficients, Steenrod squares are the most significant of these operations. Their effective computation relies on formulas defining a cup-$i$ construction, a structure on (co)chains which is important in its own right, having connections to lattice field theory, convex geometry and higher category theory among others. In this article we present new formulas defining a cup-$i$ construction, and use them to introduce a fast algorithm for the computat…
In a previous paper, we defined a space-level version X(L) of Khovanov homology. This induces an action of the Steenrod algebra on Khovanov homology. In this paper, we describe the first interesting operation, Sq^2:Kh^{i,j}(L) -> Kh^{i+2,j}(L). We compute this operation for all links up to 11 crossings; this, in turn, determines the stable homotopy type of X(L) for all such links.
The Steenrod squares via unordered joins
本文在同伦类型论中基于无序连接高阶归纳类型，为布鲁内里定义的斯廷罗德平方运算证明了稳定性、嘉当公式和阿德姆关系，并提供了立方阿格达形式化。
We mainly discuss the Wu classes $v(M)$ and the Steenrod operation $Sq$ of the topological blow up $\tilde{M}$. The formula of the Wu class $v(\tilde{M})$ will be given as well as the formula of the Steenrod operation $Sq$. As an application, we will use our results to describe a geometric obstruction.
Geometric Constructions of Mod $p$ Cohomology Operations
本文基于Brown可表示性和Almgren同构定理，构造了从球面循环空间到圆盘相对循环空间的显式映射，用以表示模$p$上同调中的所有Steenrod平方、Steenrod幂和Bockstein同态。
In this paper we show that certain universal homology classes which are fundamental in topology are algebraic. To be specific, the products of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces ${\cal K}_{2q} \equiv K({\Bbb Z},2) \times K({\Bbb Z}, 4) \times ... \times K({\Bbb Z}, 2q)$ have models which are limits of complex projective varieties. Precisely, we have ${\cal K}_{2q} = \lim_{d\to\infty}{\cal C}_d^q({\Bbb P}^n)$ where ${\cal C}_d^q({\Bbb P}^n)$ denotes the Chow variety of effective cycles of codimension $q$ and degree $d$ on ${\Bbb P}^n$. It is natural to ask which elements in the homology of ${\cal K}_{2q}…
Primary cohomology operations, i.e., elements of the Steenrod algebra, are given by homotopy classes of maps between Eilenberg--MacLane spectra. Such maps (before taking homotopy classes) form the topological version of the Steenrod algebra. Composition of such maps is strictly linear in one variable and linear up to coherent homotopy in the other variable. To describe this structure, we introduce a hierarchy of higher distributivity laws, and prove that the topological Steenrod algebra satisfies all of them. We show that the higher distributivity laws are homotopy invariant in a suitable sens…
Normalized Derivations for Steenrod--Milnor Operations on the Dickson Algebra and Applications
本文研究了斯蒂恩罗德-米尔诺操作对迪克森代数的作用，通过归一化得到导出，推导出高阶迭代的闭式表达，并应用归一化系数构造了结构类比于马格利斯同调的普通柯兹尔型构造。
Primary operations in differential cohomology
本文通过栈刻画了微分上同调中的基本运算，显式微分细化了 Steenrod 平方和幂，并发展了包括 Künneth 分解在内的计算技术，为高阶几何与数学物理应用提供基础。
The cohomology of the connective spectra for {K}-theory revisited
针对连通实与复K-理论谱的稳定模2上同调现有基表示复杂的问题，本文基于Adem关系，用Steenrod运算的可容许序列构造了更简单的基，并明确了复情形基的次数限制条件。
Mod 2 power operations revisited
本文为综述性短文，借助同伦与代数进展，给出E_∞-环谱模2同调幂运算的现代阐释，用Tate赋值Frobenius快速证明Adem关系，并简化推导幂运算在对偶Steenrod代数上的作用。
Smooth structures on PL-manifolds of dimensions between 8 and 10
该研究利用上同调与Steenrod运算确定8-10维PL流形光滑结构的配边类，计算同伦惯性群，并讨论透镜空间与实射影空间的特例。
We observe that the Poincare duality isomorphism for a string manifold is an isomorphism of modules over the subalgebra A(2) of the modulo 2 Steenrod algebra. In particular, the pattern of the operations Sq^1, Sq^2, and Sq^4 on the cohomology of a string manifold has a symmetry around the middle dimension. We characterize this kind of cohomology operation duality in term of the annihilator of the Thom class of the negative tangent bundle, and in terms of the vanishing of top-degree cohomology operations. We also indicate how the existence of such an operation-preserving duality implies the int…
In \cite{baker-ozel}, by using Fredholm index we developed a version of Quillen's geometric cobordism theory for infinite dimensional Hilbert manifolds. This cobordism theory has a graded group structure under topological union operation and has push-forward maps for complex orientable Fredholm maps. In this work, by using Quinn's Transversality Theorem \cite{Quinn}, it will be shown that this cobordism theory has a graded ring structure under transversal intersection operation and has pull-back maps for smooth maps. It will be shown that the Thom isomorphism in this theory will be satisfied f…
We show that the Chas-Sullivan loop product, a combination of the Pontrjagin product on the fiber and intersection product on the base, makes sense on the total space homology of any fiberwise monoid E over a closed oriented manifold M. More generally the Thom spectrum E^{-TM} is a ring spectrum. Similarly a fiberwise module over E defines a module over E^{-TM}. Fiberwise monoids include adjoint bundles of principal bundles, and the construction is natural with respect to maps of principal bundles. This naturality implies homotopy invariance of the algebra structure on H_*(LM) arising from the…
The rank-five Peterson hit problem, the Singer transfer, and canonical Milnor-operation layers
本文研究了$H^{*}(V^{\oplus 5})$的hit问题，验证了Singer猜想在特定度数下的成立，并提供了新算法的实现。
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