The aim of this paper is to show how a conjectural lower bound on the canonical height function in the spirit of Lang and Silverman leads to an explicit uniform bound on the number of rational points on curves of genus $g\geq 2$ over a number field.

2021-01-30math.NT

Points rationnels sur les quotients d'Atkin-Lehner de courbes de Shimura de discriminant $pq$

Let $p$ and $q$ be two distinct prime numbers, and $X^{pq}/w_q$ be the quotient of the Shimura curve of discriminant $pq$ by the Atkin-Lehner involution $w_q$. We describe a way to verify in wide generality a criterion of Parent and Yafaev to prove that if $p$ and $q$ satisfy some explicite congruence conditions, known as the conditions of the non ramified case of Ogg, and if $p$ is large enough compared to $q$, then the quotient $X^{pq}/w_q$ has no rational point, except possibly special points.

2010-12-15math.NT

Familles de polynomes liees aux courbes modulaires X_1(l) unicursales et points rationnels non-triviaux de courbes elliptiques quotient

Soit l un entier et E_{c,l} la famille de Kubert des courbes elliptiques definies sur Q munies d'un point rationnel A d'ordre l. On note F_{c,l} la courbe elliptique quotient de E_{c,l} par le groupe engendre' par A, et f_l l'isogenie de E_{c,l} sur F_{c,l}. Pour l = 3, 4, 5 et 6, nous construisons explicitement, pour des parametrisations convenables de c, des elements non-triviaux de F_{c,l}(Q) / (f_l(E_{c,l}(Q))), autrement dit, des points explicites de F_{c,l}(Q) qui ne sont l'image par f_l d'aucun element de E_{c,l}(Q). Ces points sont en general d'ordre infini. Nous donnons des applicatio…

2003-01-31math.AGmath.NT

Equivalence rationnelle, equivalence numerique et produits de courbes elliptiques sur un corps fini

This is an update of the first version. We clarify that the main results apply to more general smooth projective varieties X than products of elliptic curves (briefly: X is of "abelian type", e.g. an abelian variety or a product of curves, and the Tate conjecture holds). We also deduce the Gersten conjecture for dvrs whose residue field is the function field of such an X. In an appendix, we construct some functoriality for etale motivic cohomology. Finally, some errors which were in Section 5 of the first version are corrected.

2002-07-20math.AGmath.NT

Produit eulérien motivique et courbes rationnelles sur les variétés toriques

We study the asymptotical behaviour of the moduli space of morphisms of given anticanonical degree from a rational curve to a split toric variety, when the degree goes to infinity. We obtain in this case a geometric analogue of Manin's conjecture about rational points of bounded height on varieties defined over a global field. The study is led through a generating series whose coefficients lie in a Grothendieck ring of motives, the motivic height zeta function. In order to establish convergence properties of this function, we use a notion of eulerian motivic product. It relies on a constructio…

2009-03-26math.AGmath.NT

Minoration du rang des courbes elliptiques sur les corps de classes de Hilbert

Soit $E/\BmQ$ une courbe elliptique. Soit $D<0$ un discriminant fondamental suffisamment grand. Si $E(\bar{\BmQ})$ contient des points de Heegner de discriminant $D$, ces points engendrent un sous-groupe dont le rang est supérieur à $\pabs{D}^{0.0009}$. Ce résultat est en accord avec la conjecture de Birch et Swinnerton-Dyer. --- Let $E/\BmQ$ be an elliptic curve. Let $D<0$ be a sufficiently large fundamental discriminant. If $E(\bar{\BmQ})$ contains Heegner points of discriminant $D$, these points generate a subgroup of rank greater than $\pabs{D}^{0.0009}$. This result is in agreement with t…

2010-05-15math.NT

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Zéro-cycles sur les fibrations au-dessus d'une courbe de genre quelconque

Let X be a smooth and proper variety over a number field k. Conjectures on the image of the Chow group of zero-cycles of X in the product of the corresponding groups over all completions of k were put forward by Colliot-Thélène, Kato and Saito. We prove these conjectures for the total space of fibrations, over curves with finite Tate-Shafarevich group, into rationally connected varieties which satisfy weak approximation, under an abelianness assumption on the singular fibers. ---- Soit X une variété propre et lisse sur un corps de nombres k. Des conjectures sur l'image du groupe de Chow des zé…

2012-05-31math.AGmath.NT

Dualité et principe local-global pour les tores sur une courbe au-dessus de C((t))

Pour $K$ un corps global (corps de nombres ou corps de fonctions d'une variable sur un corps fini $F$), on dispose de théorèmes de dualité classiques (Tate, Poitou, Nakayama) pour la cohomologie galoisienne à valeurs dans des tores et des modules abéliens finis. Nous établissons de tels théorèmes pour $K$ le corps des fonctions d'une courbe projective et lisse sur le corps $F={\bf C}((t))$ des séries formelles en une variable sur le corps des complexes. Cela permet de contrôler le défaut du principe de Hasse et l'approximation faible pour les espaces homogènes sous un tore. Il y a ici des diff…

2014-04-16math.AGmath.NT

Points de hauteur bornée sur les hypersurfaces de l'espace triprojectif

We establish an asymptotic formula for the number of points of bounded height on a singular hypersurface of the triprojective space. We will see that the final result is in accordance with Batyrev-Manin conjecture. The method used is a version of the circle method developped by Heath Brown and used by Robbiani for counting points of bounded height on an hypersurface of biprojective space. ----- Nous établissons ici une formule asymptotique pour le nombre de points de hauteur bornée sur une hypersurface singulière de l'espace triprojectif. Nous verrons que le résultat obtenu est en accord avec …

2014-03-17math.NT

Sur la cohomologie non ramifiée en degré trois d'un produit

Let F be a finite field and let C be a smooth projective curve over F. For some smooth projective surfaces X over F we establish that the third unramified cohomology of the product of X and C vanishes. This applies in particular to geometrically rational surfaces. Soit F un corps fini et soit C une courbe projective et lisse sur F. Pour certaines surfaces projectives et lisses X sur F on établit la nullité du troisième groupe de cohomologie non ramifiée du produit de X et C. Cela s'applique en particulier aux surfaces géométriquement rationnelles.

2012-03-09math.AGmath.NT

A program to test the p-rationality of any number field

Let K be a number field. We prove that its ray class group modulo p 2 (resp. 8) if p > 2 (resp. p = 2) characterizes its p-rationality. Then we give two short, very fast PARI Programs (§§3.1, 3.2) testing if K (defined by an irreducible monic polynomial) is p-rational or not. For quadratic fields we verify some densities related to Cohen-Lenstra-Martinet ones and analyse Greenberg's conjecture on the existence of p-rational fields with Galois groups (Z/2Z) t needed for the construction of some Galois representations with open image. We give examples for p = 3, t = 5 and t = 6 (§§5.1, 5.2) and …

2019-03-21math.NT

Zero-cycles and rational points on some surfaces over a global function field

Let F be a finite field of characteristic p. We consider smooth surfaces over F(t) defined by an equation f+tg=0, where f and g are forms of degree d in 4 variables with coefficients in F, with d prime to p. We prove : For such surfaces over F(t), the Brauer-Manin obstruction to the existence of a zero-cycle of degree one is the only obstruction. For d=3 (cubic surfaces), this leads to the same result for rational points. -- Soit F un corps fini de caractéristique p. Pour une surface lisse sur F(t) définie par une équation f+tg=0, où f et g sont deux formes de degré d sur F en 4 variables, ave…

2010-12-02math.AGmath.NT

L'espace adélique d'un tore sur un corps de fonctions

Let $k$ be a field of characteristic 0 and let $K$ be the function field of a smooth projective geometrically integral $k$-curve $X$. Let $T$ be a $K$-torus. In this article, we aim at studying the space of adelic points $T(S,\mathbb{A}_K)$ of $T$ outside a finite set $S$ of closed points of $X$. We start by proving that the group $T(K)$ of rational points of $T$ is always discrete (hence closed) in $T(S,\mathbb{A}_K)$. We then describe the quotient $T(\emptyset,\mathbb{A}_K)/T(K)$ in each of the following three cases: $k$ is an algebraically closed field, $k$ is the field of Laurent series $\…

2018-02-06math.AGmath.NT

Relations de dépendance et intersections exceptionnelles (Dependence relations and exceptional intersections)

This text is devoted to the following result, stemming out works of Bombieri, Masser, Zannier, and Maurin: Let $X$ be an complex algebraic (projective, connected) curve and let us consider $n$ rational functions $f_1,...,f_n$ on $X$ which are multiplicatively independent. The points $x$ of $X$ where their values $f_1(x),...,f_n(x)$ satisfy at least two independent multiplicative dependence relations form a finite set. We discuss the conjectural generalizations of this theorem (Bombieri, Masser, Zannier; Zilber; Pink) concerning the finiteness of points of a $d$-dimensional subvariety $X$ of a …

2011-06-12math.AGmath.NT