Quantized coordinate rings and related noetherian algebras
K. R. Goodearl
备注：
Expository paper for Proceedings of 35th Symposium on Ring Theory and Representation Theory (Okayama, October 2002). 27 pages; 8 xypic diagrams; 4 epsf figures
This paper contains a survey of some ring-theoretic aspects of quantized coordinate rings, with primary focus on the prime and primitive spectra. For these algebras, the overall structure of the prime spectrum is governed by a partition into strata determined by the action of a suitable group of automorphisms of the algebra. We discuss this stratification in detail, as well as its use in determining the primitive spectrum -- under suitable conditions, the primitive ideals are precisely those prime ideals which are maximal within their strata. The discussion then turns to the global structure of the primitive spectra of quantized coordinate rings, and to the conjecture that these spectra are topological quotients of the corresponding classical affine varieties. We describe the solution to the conjecture for quantized coordinate rings of full affine spaces and (somewhat more generally) affine toric varieties. The final part of the paper is devoted to the quantized coordinate ring of $n\times n$ matrices. We mention parallels between this algebra and the classical coordinate ring, such as the primeness of quantum analogs of determinantal ideals. Finally, we describe recent work which determined, for the $3\times3$ case, all prime ideals invariant under the group of winding automorphisms governing the stratification mentioned above.
We consider algebras of quantum differential operators, for appropriate bicharacters on a polynomial algebra in one indeterminate and for the coordinate algebra of quantum $n$-space for $n\geq 3$. In the former case a set of generators for the quantum differential operators was identified in work by the first author and T. C. McCune but it was not known whether the algebra is Noetherian. We answer this question affirmatively, setting it in a more general context involving the behaviour Noetherian condition under localization at the powers of a single element. In the latter case we determine th…
We prove that the generic quantized coordinate ring $\mathcal{O}_q(G)$ is Auslander-regular, Cohen-Macaulay, and catenary for every connected semisimple Lie group $G$. This answers questions raised by Brown, Lenagan, and the first author. We also prove that under certain hypotheses concerning the existence of normal elements, a noetherian Hopf algebra is Auslander-Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay. This provides a new set of positive cases for a question of Brown and the first author.
This paper offers an expository account of some ideas, methods, and conjectures concerning quantized coordinate rings and their semiclassical limits, with a particular focus on primitive ideal spaces. The semiclassical limit of a family of quantized coordinate rings of an affine algebraic variety V consists of the classical coordinate ring O(V) equipped with an associated Poisson structure. Conjectured relationships between primitive ideals of a generic quantized coordinate ring A and symplectic leaves in V (relative to a semiclassical limit Poisson structure on O(V)) are discussed, as are bre…
Let R be a Noetherian domain and let (σ, δ) be a quasi-derivation of R such that σ is an automorphism. There is an induced quasi-derivation on the classical quotient ring Q of R. Suppose F = t^2 - v is normal in the Ore extension R[t; σ, δ] where v ε R. We show F is prime in R[t; σ, δ] if and only if F is irreducible in Q[t; σ, δ] if and only if there does not exist w ε Q such that v = σ (w)w - δ (w). We apply this result to classify prime quadratic forms in quantum planes and quantized Weyl algebras.
We initiate a unified, axiomatic study of noncommutative algebras R whose prime spectra are, in a natural way, finite unions of commutative noetherian spectra. Our results illustrate how these commutative spectra can be functorially ``sewn together'' to form Spec R. In particular, we construct a bimodule-determined functor Mod Z -> Mod R, for a suitable commutative noetherian ring Z, from which there follows a finite-to-one, continous surjection Spec Z -> Spec R. Algebras satisfying the given axiomatic framework include PI algebras finitely generated over fields, noetherian PI algebras, envelo…
This paper is partly a report on current knowledge concerning the structure of (generic) quantized coordinate rings and their prime spectra, and partly propaganda in support of the conjecture that since these algebras share many common properties, there must be a common basis on which to treat them. The first part of the paper is expository. We survey a number of classes of quantized coordinate rings, as well as some related algebras that share common properties, and we record some of the basic properties known to occur for many of these algebras, culminating in stratifications of the prime sp…
Given an iterated skew polynomial ring C[y_1;t_1,d_1]ldots [y_n;t_n,d_n] over a complete local ring C with maximal ideal m, we prove, under suitable assumptions, that the completion at the ideal m + < y_1,y_2,ldots,y_n> is an iterated skew power series ring. Under further conditions, this completion is a local, noetherian, Auslander regular domain. Applicable examples include quantum matrices, quantum symplectic spaces, and quantum Euclidean space.
Recently, Kuniba, Okado and Yamada proved that the transition matrix of PBW-type bases of the positive-half of a quantized universal enveloping algebra $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ coincides with a matrix coefficients of the intertwiner between certain irreducible modules over the corresponding quantized coordinate ring $A_q(\mathfrak{g})$, introduced by Soibelman. In the present article, we give a new proof of their result, by using representation theory of the $q$-boson algebra, and the Drinfeld paring of $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$.
We define two subalgebras which can be seen as the quantization of the coordinate rings of the unipotent radical of the standard positive (respectively negative) Borel subgroup of $SL_{n+1}$. We give a presentation for these algebras and show they are isomorphic. Moreover, we show that these algebras are the conivariants of a natural $O_q(T)$-coaction on $O_q(B^\pm)$. Finally, using a dual pairing, we show that these algebras are isomorphic to the quantum nilpotent Lie subalgebra of $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})$.
Around 1990 Soibelman constructed certain irreducible modules over the quantized coordinate algebra. A. Kuniba, M. Okado, Y. Yamada recently found that the relation among natural bases of Soibelman's irreducible module can be described using the relation among the PBW-type bases of the positive part of the quantized enveloping algebra, and proved this fact using case-by-case analysis in rank two cases. In this paper we will give a realization of Soibelman's module as an induced module, and give a unified proof of the above result of Kuniba, Okado, Yamada. We also verify Conjecture 1 of Kuniba,…
We prove an integral version of the Schur--Weyl duality between the specialized Birman--Murakami--Wenzl algebra $B_n(-q^{2m+1},q)$ and the quantum algebra associated to the symplectic Lie algebra sp_{2m}. In particular, we deduce that this Schur--Weyl duality holds over arbitrary (commutative) ground rings, which answers a question of Lehrer and Zhang [Strongly multiplicity free modules for Lie algebras and quantum groups, J. Algebra (1) 306 (2006), 138--174] in the symplectic case. As a byproduct, we show that, as $Z[q,q^{-1}]$-algebra, the quantized coordinate algebra defined by Kashiwara is…
We describe the Poisson ideals and attached symplectic geometry of a cluster algebra with compatible Poisson structure. We apply these results to determine the spectrum of a quantum cluster algebra. As an application, we describe the topology on the spectra of quantized coordinate rings such as quantum matrices and the quantized function algebra of the general linear group.
The notion of locally finite part of the dual coalgebra of certain quantized coordinate rings is introduced. In the case of irreducible flag manifolds this locally finite part is shown to coincide with a natural quotient coalgebra V of U_q(g). On the way the coradical filtration of V is determined. A graded version of the duality between V and the quantized coordinate ring is established. This leads to a natural construction of several examples of quantized vector spaces. As an application covariant first order differential calculi on quantized irreducible flag manifolds are classified. Keywor…
Generators and relations are given for the subalgebra of cocommutative elements in the quantized coordinate rings of the classical groups, where the deformation parameter q is transcendental. This is a ring theoretic formulation of the well known fact that the representation theory of the quantized group is completely analogous to its classical counterpart. The subalgebras of cocommutative elements in the corresponding FRT-bialgebras (defined by Faddeev, Reshetikhin, and Takhtadzhyan) are explicitly determined, using a bialgebra embedding of the FRT-bialgebra into the tensor product of the qua…
Given an affine algebraic variety V and a quantization A of its coordinate ring, it is conjectured that the primitive ideal space of A can be expressed as a topological quotient of V. Evidence in favor of this conjecture is discussed, and positive solutions for several types of varieties (obtained in joint work with E. S. Letzter) are described. In particular, explicit topological quotient maps are given in the case of quantum toric varieties.
It is known that a generalized $q$-Schur algebra may be constructed as a quotient of a quantized enveloping algebra $\UU$ or its modified form $\dot{\UU}$. On the other hand, we show here that both $\UU$ and $\dot{\UU}$ may be constructed within an inverse limit of a certain inverse system of generalized $q$-Schur algebras. Working within the inverse limit $\hat{\UU}$ clarifies the relation between $\dot{\UU}$ and $\UU$. This inverse limit is a $q$-analogue of the linear dual $R[G]^*$ of the coordinate algebra of a corresponding linear algebraic group $G$.
Some filtrations of the tensor product of a highest weight module and a lowest weight module over quantum group $U_q(\mathfrak g)$ are constructed in \cite{LZ:2009} and one can use them to define some ideals of the modified quantized enveloping algebra. It is shown that the quotient algebras inherit canonical bases from the modified quantized enveloping algebra and are dual to the quantum coordinate ring defined by Kashiwara for symmetrizable Kac-Moody algebra $\mathfrak g$.
Explicit generating sets are found for all primitive ideals in the generic quantized coordinate rings of the 3x3 special and general linear groups over an arbitrary algebraically closed field. (Previously, generators were only known up to certain localizations.) The generating sets form polynormal regular sequences, from which it follows that all primitive factor algebras of these quantized coordinate rings are Auslander-Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay.
The Poisson centralizer of the trace element is determined in the coordinate ring of SL_n endowed with the Poisson structure obtained as the semiclassical limit of its quantized coordinate ring. It turns out that this maximal Poisson-commutative subalgebra coincides with the subalgebra of invariants with respect to the adjoint action.
We propose a quantum analogue of a Tits-Kantor-Koecher algebra with a Jordan torus as an coordinated algebra by looking at the vertex operator construction over a Fock space.
In the ongoing programme to classify noncommutative projective surfaces (connected graded noetherian domains of Gelfand-Kirillov dimension three) a natural question is to determine the minimal models within any birational class. In this paper we show that the generic noncommutative projective plane (corresponding to the three dimensional Sklyanin algebra R) as well as noncommutative analogues of P^1 x P^1 and of the Hirzebruch surface F_2 (arising from Van den Bergh's quadrics R) satisfy very strong minimality conditions. Translated into an algebraic question, where one is interested in a maxi…
In this paper, we study and classify Hilbert space representations of cross product *-algebras of the quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(e_2)$ with the coordinate algebras $O(E_q(2))$ of the quantum motion group and $O(\C_q)$ of the complex plane, and of the quantized enveloping algebra $U_q(su_{1,1})$ with the coordinate algebras $O(SU_q(1,1))$ of the quantum group $SU_q(1,1)$ and $O(U_q)$ of the quantum disc. Invariant positive functionals and the corresponding Heisenberg representations are explicitely described.
We quantize the coordinate ring of the moduli space of B-bundles on the elliptic curve. Here B is a Borel subgroup of some semisimple Lie group. We construct some representations of these algebras and study intertwining operators for these representations. We apply our constructions to produce some objects: the elliptic Belavin R-matrix, the quantization of the algebra of functions on the Grassmannian, some generalized elliptic R-matrix. We consider also the affine case and write down the explicit formula for commuting elements.
This is a survey of what is known and/or conjectured about the prime and primitive spectra of quantum algebras, of quantized coordinate rings in particular. The topological structure of these spectra, their relations to classical affine algebraic varieties, and their relations to each other are discussed.
We give several explicit examples of quantum cluster algebra structures, as introduced by Berenstein and Zelevinsky, on quantized coordinate rings of partial flag varieties and their associated unipotent radicals. These structures are shown to be quantizations of the cluster algebra structures found on the corresponding classical objects by Geiss, Leclerc and Schroer, whose work generalizes that of several other authors. We also exhibit quantum cluster algebra structures on the quantized enveloping algebras of the Lie algebras of the unipotent radicals.
A class of Poisson algebras considered as a Poisson version of the multiparameter quantized coordinate rings of symplectic and Euclidean $2n$-spaces is constructed and the prime Poisson ideals and the symplectic ideals of these Poisson algebras are described. As a result, it is shown that the multiparameter quantized symplectic and Euclidean $2n$-spaces are topological quotients of their classical spaces.
Let B(X,L,s) be the twisted homogeneous coordinate ring of an irreducible variety X over an algebraically closed field k with dim X > 1. Assume that c in X and s in Aut(X) are in sufficiently general position. We show that if one follows the commutative prescription for blowing up X at c, but in this noncommutative setting, one obtains a noncommutative ring R=R(X,c,L,s) with surprising properties. In particular: (1) R is always noetherian but never strongly noetherian. (2) If R is generated in degree one then the images of the R-point modules in qgr(R) are naturally in (1-1) correspondence wit…
A major direction in the theory of cluster algebras is to construct (quantum) cluster algebra structures on the (quantized) coordinate rings of various families of varieties arising in Lie theory. We prove that all algebras in a very large axiomatically defined class of noncommutative algebras possess canonical quantum cluster algebra structures. Furthermore, they coincide with the corresponding upper quantum cluster algebras. We also establish analogs of these results for a large class of Poisson nilpotent algebras. Many important families of coordinate rings are subsumed in the class we are …
Partially compactified quantum cluster structures on simple algebraic groups and the full Berenstein--Zelevinsky conjecture
Beijing Normal University（北京师范大学）；Northeastern University（东北大学）；Institute of Mathematics and Informatics Bulgarian Academy of Sciences（保加利亚科学院数学与计算机科学研究所）
Let $P_J$ be the standard parabolic subgroup of $SL_n$ obtained by deleting a subset $J$ of negative simple roots, and let $P_J = L_JU_J$ be the standard Levi decomposition. Following work of the first author, we study the quantum analogue $θ: {\mathcal O}_q(P_J) \to{\mathcal O}_q(L_J) \otimes {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)$ of an induced coaction and the corresponding subalgebra ${\mathcal O}_q(P_J)^{\operatorname{co} θ} \subseteq {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)$ of coinvariants. It was shown that the smash product algebra ${\mathcal O}_q(L_J)\# {\mathcal O}_q(P_J)^{\operatorname{co} θ}$ is isomorphic to ${\mathcal…
A simplified construction of representations is presented for the quantized enveloping algebra Uq(g), with g being a simple complex Lie algebra belonging to one of the four principal series A, B, C or D. The carrier representation space is the quantized algebra of polynomials in antiholomorphic coordinate functions on the big cell of a coadjoint orbit of K where K is the compact simple Lie group with the Lie algebra g - the compact form of g.
We prove that certain acyclic cluster algebras over the complex numbers are the coordinate rings of holomorphic symplectic manifolds. We also show that the corresponding quantum cluster algebras have no non-trivial prime ideals. This allows us to give evidence for a generalization of the conjectured variant of the orbit method for quantized coordinate rings and their classical limits.
We introduce a rigid analytification of the quantized coordinate algebra of a semisimple algebraic group and a quantized Arens-Michael envelope of the enveloping algebra of the corresponding Lie algebra, working over a non-archimedean field and when $q$ is not a root of unity. We show that these analytic quantum groups are topological Hopf algebras and Fréchet-Stein algebras. We then introduce an analogue of the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ for the quantum Arens-Michael envelope and show that it is equivalent to the category $\mathcal{O}$ for the corresponding quantized enveloping algebra.
In this paper we prove that the subalgebras of cocommutative elements in the quantized coordinate rings of $M_{n}$, $GL_{n}$ and $SL_{n}$ are the centralizers of the trace $x_{1,1}+\dots+x_{n,n}$ in each algebra, for $q\in\mathbb{C}^{\times}$ being not a root of unity. In particular, it is not only a commutative subalgebra as it was known before, but it is a maximal one.
We survey some recent constructions of cluster algebra structures on coordinate rings of unipotent subgroups and unipotent cells of Kac-Moody groups. We also review a quantized version of these results.
The $(q,t)$-Cartan matrix specialized at $t=1$, usually called the quantum Cartan matrix, has deep connections with (i) the representation theory of its untwisted quantum affine algebra, and (ii) quantum unipotent coordinate algebra, root system and quantum cluster algebra of kew-symmetric type. In this paper, we study the $(q,t)$-Cartan matrix specialized at $q=1$, called the $t$-quantized Cartan matrix, and investigate the relations with (ii') its corresponding quantum unipotent coordinate algebra, root system and quantum cluster algebra of skew-symmetrizable type.
