Terence Tao
Let $T$ be a Fourier integral operator on $\R^n$ of order $-(n-1)/2$. It was shown by Seeger, Sogge, and Stein that $T$ mapped the Hardy space $H^1$ to $L^1$. In this note we show that $T$ is also of weak-type $(1,1)$. The main ideas are a decomposition of $T$ into non-degenerate and degenerate components, and a factorization of the non-degenerate portion.
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We prove sharp L^p-L^q endpoint bounds for singular fractional integral operators and related Fourier integral operators, under the nonvanishing rotational curvature assumption.
New sufficient conditions for representation of a function of several variables as an absolutely convergent Fourier integral are obtained in the paper.
We calculate the Fourier transform of a spherically symmetric exponential function. Our evaluation is much simpler than the known one. We use the polar coordinates and reduce the Fourier transform to the integral of a rational function of trigonometric functions. Its evaluation turns out to be much easier than expected because of homogeneity and a hidden symmetry. Relationship with a Fourier integral representation formula for harmonic functions is explained.
We prove a Calderón-Zygmund type estimate which can be applied to sharpen known regularity results on spherical means, Fourier integral operators and generalized Radon transforms.
We study a family of Fourier integral operators, by allowing their symbols to satisfy a multi-parameter differential inequality. We extend the sharp L^p-result obtained by Seeger, Sogge and Stein to product spaces.
In this paper we investigate the principle of the generalised localisation for spectral expansions of the polyharmonic operator, which coincides with the multiple Fourier integrals summed over the domains corresponding to the surface levels of the polyharmonic polynomials. It is proved that the partial sums of the multiple Fourier integrals of a function f\inL_2 (R^N ) converge to zero almost-everywhere on R^N\supp(f).
In this paper we obtain new sufficient conditions for representation of a function as an absolutely convergent Fourier integral. Unlike those known earlier, these conditions are given in terms of belonging to weighted spaces. Adding weights allows one to extend the range of application of such results to Fourier multipliers with unbounded derivatives.
Recently we found necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence at a preassigned point of the spherical partial sums of the Fourier integral in a class of piecewise smooth functions in Euclidean space. These yield elementary examples of divergent Fourier integrals in three dimensions and higher. Meanwhile, several years ago Gottlieb and Orsag observed that in two dimensions we may expect slower convergence at certain points, specifically for Fourier-Bessel series of radial functions. In this paper we investigate the rate of convergence of the spherical partial sums of the Fourier int…
In metrics of spaces $L_{s}, \ 1\leq s\leq\infty$, we find asymptotic equalities for upper bounds of approximations by Fourier sums on classes of generalized Poisson integrals of periodic functions, which belong to unit ball of space $L_{1}$.
Let $f \in L^1(\mathbb{R}^2)$ and let $\widehat f$ be its Fourier integral. We study summability of the partial integral $S_{ρ,\mathsf{H}}(x)=\int_{\{\|y\|_\mathsf{H} \le ρ\}} e^{i x\cdot y}\widehat f(y) dy$, where $\|y\|_\mathsf{H}$ denotes the uniform norm taken over the regular hexagonal domain. We prove that the Riesz $(R,δ)$ means of the inverse Fourier integrals are nonnegative if and if $δ\ge 2$. Moreover, we describe a class of $\|\cdot\|_\mathsf{H}$-radial functions that are positive definite on $\mathbb{R}^2$.
In this paper, a generalised integral called the Laplace integral is defined on unbounded intervals, and some of its properties, including necessary and sufficient condition for differentiating under the integral sign, are discussed. It is also shown that this integral is more general than the Henstock-Kurzweil integral. Finally, the Fourier transform is defined using the Laplace integral, and its well-known properties are established.
A formula which expresses logarithmic energy of Borel measures on R^n in terms of the Fourier transforms of the measures is established and some applications are given. In addition, using similar techniques a (known) formula for Riesz energy is reinvented.
The Riemann-Lebesgue Lemma says that the Fourier transform of an absolutely integrable function on the real line tends to zero as the transform parameter tends to infinity. When the integral is allowed to converge conditionally, the transform can have arbitrarily rapid pointwise growth as the transform parameter tends to infinity. Smoothness of the function to be transformed need not decrease growth of the transform.
We mostly survey results concerning the $L^2$ boundedness of oscillatory and Fourier integral operators. This article does not intend to give a broad overview; it mainly focusses on a few topics directly related to the work of the authors.
This paper gives a short survey of some basic results related to estimates of fractional integrals and Fourier transforms. It is closely adjoint to our previous survey papers \cite{K1998} and \cite{K2007}. The main methods used in the paper are based on nonincreasing rearrangements. We give alternative proofs of some results. We observe also that the paper represents the mini-course given by the author at Barcelona University in October, 2014.
Various new sufficient conditions for representation of a function of several variables as an absolutely convergent Fourier integral are obtained in the paper. The results are given in terms of $L^p$ integrability of the function and its partial derivatives, each with the corresponding $p$. These $p$ are subject to certain relations known earlier only for some particular cases. Sharpness and applications of the obtained results are also discussed.
For functions from the set of generalized Poisson integrals $C^{α,r}_βL_{p}$, $1\leq p <\infty$, we obtain upper estimates for the deviations of Fourier sums in the uniform metric in terms of the best approximations of the generalized derivatives $f^{α,r}_β$ of functions of this kind by trigonometric polynomials in the metric of the spaces $L_{p}$. Obtained estimates are asymptotically best possible.
Fourier transformations of several functions of one and two variables are evaluated and then used to derive some integral and series identities. It is shown that certain double Mordell integrals can be reduced to a sum of products of one-dimensional Mordell integrals. As a consequence of this reduction, a quadratic polynomial identity is found connecting products of certain one-dimensional Mordell integrals. An integral that depends on one real valued parameter is calculated reminiscent of an integral previously calculated by Ramanujan and Glasser. Some connections to elliptic functions and la…
We derive integral representations in terms of the Macdonald functions for the square modulus $s\mapsto | Γ( a + i s ) |^2$ of the Gamma function and its Fourier transform when $a<0$ and $a\not= -1,-2,\ldots $, generalizing known results in the case $a>0$. This representation is based on a renormalization argument using modified Bessel functions of the second kind, and it applies to the representation of the solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation.
Let $f$ be a function on the real line. The Fourier transform inversion theorem is proved under the assumption that $f$ is absolutely continuous such that $f$ and $f'$ are Lebesgue integrable. A function $g$ is defined by $f'(t)-iwf(t)=g(t)$. This differential equation has a well known integral solution using the Heaviside step function. An elementary calculation with residues is used to write the Heaviside step function as a simple contour integral. The rest of the proof requires elementary manipulation of integrals. Hence, the Fourier transform inversion theorem is proved with very little ma…
In this paper we establish Lebesgue-type inequalities for $2π$-periodic functions $f$, which are defined by generalized Poisson integrals of the functions $φ$ from $L_{p}$, $1\leq p< \infty$. In these inequalities uniform norms of deviations of Fourier sums $\| f-S_{n-1} \|_{C}$ are expressed via best approximations $E_{n}(φ)_{L_{p}}$ of functions $φ$ by trigonometric polynomials in the metric of space $L_{p}$. We show that obtained estimates are asymptotically best possible.
We find asymptotic equalities for exact upper bounds of approximations by Fourier sums in uniform metric on classes of $2π$-periodic functions, representable in the form of convolutions of functions $φ$, which belong to unit balls of spaces $L_{p}$, with generalized Poisson kernels. For obtained asymptotic equalities we introduce the estimates of remainder, which are expressed in the explicit form via the parameters of the problem.
We prove sharp endpoint results for the Fourier restriction operator associated to nondegenerate curves in $\Bbb R^d$, $d\ge 3$, and related estimates for oscillatory integral operators. Moreover, for some larger classes of curves in $\Bbb R^d$ we obtain sharp uniform $L^p\to L^q$ bounds with respect to affine arclength measure, thereby resolving a problem of Drury and Marshall.
Estimates for a certain bilinear Fourier integral operator
本文研究了具有非退化相位函数及特定振幅的双线性 Fourier 积分算子从 $H^{1} \times L^{\infty}$ 到 $L^{1}$ 的有界性，并改进了已有结果。
We prove pointwise variational Lp bounds for a bilinear Fourier integral operator in a large but not necessarily sharp range of exponents. This result is a joint strengthening of the corresponding bounds for the classical Carleson operator, the bilinear Hilbert transform, the variation norm Carleson operator, and the bi-Carleson operator. Terry Lyon's rough path theory allows for extension of our result to multilinear estimates. We consider our result a proof of concept for a wider array of similar estimates with possible applications to ordinary differential equations.
The Fourier transform is considered as a Henstock--Kurzweil integral. Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of the Fourier transform and necessary and sufficient conditions are given for it to be continuous. The Riemann--Lebesgue lemma fails: Henstock--Kurzweil Fourier transforms can have arbitrarily large point-wise growth. Convolution and inversion theorems are established. An appendix gives sufficient conditions for interchanging repeated Henstock--Kurzweil integrals and gives an estimate on the integral of a product.
In this paper we determine the Fourier series expansion of the log-Barnes function. This is the analogue of the classical result of Kummer and Malmsten. Applying this expansion we get some integrals similar to the Espinosa-Moll log-Gamma integrals with respect to $\log G$. During the course of the paper some interesting log-Gamma integrals and a log-harmonic sum are evaluated.
Let F(R^n) be the algebra of Fourier transforms of functions from L_1(R^n), K(R^n) be the algebra of Fourier transforms of bounded complex Borel measures in R^n and W be Wiener algebra of continuous 2pi-periodic functions with absolutely convergent Fourier series. New properties of functions from these algebras are obtained. Some conditions which determine membership of f in F(R) are given. For many elementary functions f the problem of belonging f to F(R) can be resolved easily using these conditions. We prove that the Hilbert operator is a bijective isometric operator in the Banach spaces W_…
Regularity of Fourier integrals on product spaces
本文研究了符号满足多参数微分不等式的傅里叶积分算子族，证明了阶数为-(N-1)/2的算子从H^1-Hardy空间到L^1(R^N)的有界性，并由此得出了Seeger, Sogge和Stein的尖锐L^p-正则性结果。
We obtain new estimates for a class of oscillatory integral operators with folding canonical relations satisfying a curvature condition. The main lower bounds showing sharpness are proved using Kakeya set constructions. As a special case of the upper bounds we deduce optimal $L^p(mathbb{S}^2)\to L^q(R \mathbb{S}^2)$ estimates for the Fourier extension operator on large spheres in $\mathbb{R}^3$, which are uniform in the radius $R$. Two appendices are included, one concerning an application to Lorentz space bounds for averaging operators along curves in $R^3$, and one on bilinear estimates.
The Fourier transform with Henstock--Kurzweil and continuous primitive integrals
本文研究了Henstock--Kurzweil可积函数及其完备化空间中分布的Fourier变换，证明其是Hölder连续函数的二阶分布导数，并给出了交换定理、范数反演、卷积结果及逐点反演等理论应用。
In this paper, we obtain analytical solution of an unsolved integral $\textbf{R}_{C}(m,n)$ of Srinivasa Ramanujan [$\textit{Mess. Math}$., XLIV, 75-86, 1915], using hypergeometric approach, Mellin transforms, Infinite Fourier cosine transforms, Infinite series decomposition identity and some algebraic properties of Pochhammer's symbol. Also we have given some generalizations of the Ramanujan's integral $\textbf{R}_{C}(m,n)$ in the form of integrals $\textbf{I}^{*}_{C}(\upsilon,b,c,λ,y), \textbf{J}_C (\upsilon,b,c,λ,y), \textbf{K}_{C} (\upsilon,b,c, λ,y), \textbf{I}_{C}(\upsilon,b,λ,y)$ and sol…
We consider spherical Riesz means of multiple Fourier series and some generalizations. While almost everywhere convergence of Riesz means at the critical index $(d-1)/2$ may fail for functions in the Hardy space $h^1(\mathbb T^d)$, we prove sharp positive results for strong summability almost everywhere. For functions in $L^p(\mathbb T^d)$, $1<p<2$, we consider Riesz means at the critical index $d(1/p-1/2)-1/2$ and prove an almost sharp theorem on strong summability. The results follow via transference from corresponding results for Fourier integrals. We include an endpoint bound on maximal op…
While teaching a course on integral equations, I noticed that a straightforward combination of Neumann series and Fourier series for the resolvent (or the solution) of an integral equation has good approximation qualities. This short article presents and investigates this combination of approximating series.
We study the regularity of Fourier integral operators, by allowing their symbols to satisfy certain multi-parameter characteristics. As a result, we give an extension of Seeger-Sogge-Stein theorem on product spaces.
New sufficient conditions for representation of a function via the absolutely convergent Fourier integral are obtained in the paper. In the main result, Theorem 1.1, this is controlled by the behavior near infinity of both the function and its derivative. This result is extended to any dimension $d\ge2.$
The theory of Fourier integral operators is surveyed, with an emphasis on local smoothing estimates and their applications. After reviewing the classical background, we describe some recent work of the authors which established sharp local smoothing estimates for a natural class of Fourier integral operators. We also show how local smoothing estimates imply oscillatory integral estimates and obtain a maximal variant of an oscillatory integral estimate of Stein. Together with an oscillatory integral counterexample of Bourgain, this shows that our local smoothing estimates are sharp in odd spati…
We show that the Hardy spaces for Fourier integral operators form natural spaces of initial data when applying $\ell^{p}$-decoupling inequalities to local smoothing for the wave equation. This yields new local smoothing estimates which, in a quantified manner, improve the bounds in the local smoothing conjecture on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ for $p\geq 2(n+1)/(n-1)$, and complement them for $2<p<2(n+1)/(n-1)$. These estimates are invariant under application of Fourier integral operators, and they are essentially sharp.
Suppose that Fourier transform of a function f is zero on the interval [-a,a]. We prove that the lower density of sign changes of f is at least a/pi, provided that f is a locally integrable temperate distribution in the sense of Beurling, with non-quasianalytic weight. We construct an example showing that the last condition cannot be omitted.
We consider integrals of spherical harmonics with Fourier exponents on the sphere $S^n ,\, n \geq 1$. Such transforms arise in the framework of the theory of weighted Radon transforms and vector diffraction in electromagnetic fields theory. We give analytic formulas for these integrals, which are exact up to multiplicative constants. These constants depend on choice of basis on the sphere. In addition, we find these constants explicitly for the class of harmonics arising in the framework of the theory of weighted Radon transforms. We also suggest formulas for finding these constants for the ge…
We define a scale of Hardy spaces $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$, $p\in[1,\infty]$, that are invariant under suitable Fourier integral operators of order zero. This builds on work by Smith for $p=1$. We also introduce a notion of off-singularity decay for kernels on the cosphere bundle of $\mathbb{R}^{n}$, and we combine this with wave packet transforms and tent spaces over the cosphere bundle to develop a full Hardy space theory for oscillatory integral operators. In the process we extend the known results about $L^{p}$-boundedness of Fourier integral operators, from local boundednes…
We introduce the Hardy spaces $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ for Fourier integral operators for $0<p<1$, thereby extending earlier constructions for $1\leq p\leq \infty$. We then establish various properties of these spaces, including their behavior under complex interpolation and duality, and their invariance under Fourier integral operators. We also obtain Sobolev embeddings, equivalent characterizations, and a molecular decomposition. These spaces are used in the companion article arXiv:2502.02511 to determine the sharp $\mathcal{H}^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ and $\mathrm{bmo}(\mathbb{R}…
Square function estimates and Local smoothing for Fourier Integral Operators
本文证明了Guth--Wang--Zhang平方函数估计的变系数版本，进而推导出满足电影曲率条件的2+1维傅里叶积分算子的全范围尖锐局部平滑估计，彻底解决了紧致黎曼曲面波方程的局部平滑猜想。
A mathematical survey on Fourier type integral transform and their offshoots: windowed Fourier transform, wavelet transform and Stockwell transform
本文综述了Fourier型积分变换（如FrFT、LCT、QPFT）及其衍生变换的卷积性质、不确定性原理和多分辨率分析，并详细给出了四元数情形下的对应不等式。
Local smoothing and Hardy spaces for Fourier integral operators on manifolds
本研究引入有界几何黎曼流形上傅里叶积分算子的Hardy空间，得到满足曲率条件的算子及紧流形波动方程的最优局部光滑估计，并将其应用于初值非$L^2$型Sobolev空间的非线性波动方程。
We prove several characterizations of the Hardy spaces for Fourier integral operators $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$, for $1<p<\infty$. First we characterize $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ in terms of $L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$-norms of parabolic frequency localizations. As a corollary, any characterization of $L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ yields a corresponding version for $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. In particular, we obtain a maximal function characterization and a characterization in terms of vertical square functions.
We study in detail two families of $q$-Fibonacci polynomials and $q$-Lucas polynomials, which are defined by non-conventional three-term recurrences. They were recently introduced by Cigler and have been then employed by Cigler and Zeng to construct novel $q$-extensions of classical Hermite polynomials. We show that both of these $q$-polynomial families exhibit simple transformation properties with respect to the classical Fourier integral transform.
We obtain improved bounds for pseudodifferential operators with rough symbols on Hardy spaces for Fourier integral operators. The symbols $a(x,η)$ are elements of $C^{r}_{*}S^{m}_{1,δ}$ classes that have limited regularity in the $x$ variable. We show that the associated pseudodifferential operator $a(x,D)$ maps between Sobolev spaces $\mathcal{H}^{s,p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ and $\mathcal{H}^{t,p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ over the Hardy space for Fourier integral operators $\mathcal{H}^{p}_{FIO}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. Our main result is that for all $r>0$, $m=0$ and $δ=1/2$, there exists an interval…
In this paper extensions of the classical Fourier, fractional Fourier and Radon transforms to superspace are studied. Previously, a Fourier transform in superspace was already studied, but with a different kernel. In this work, the fermionic part of the Fourier kernel has a natural symplectic structure, derived using a Clifford analysis approach. Several basic properties of these three transforms are studied. Using suitable generalizations of the Hermite polynomials to superspace (see [H. De Bie, F. Sommen, Hermite and Gegenbauer polynomials in superspace using Clifford analysis, J. Phys. A 40…
Compact pseudodifferential and Fourier integral operators via localization
本文提出局部化算子的一般框架，证明其在调制空间之间的有界性与紧致性，并用于统一推广伪微分和傅里叶积分算子理论，得到三参数伪微分算子的新结果。
Fourier and Beyond: Invariance Properties of a Family of Integral Transforms
本文提出傅里叶变换可由伸缩交织关系和高斯特征函数唯一刻画，并由此构造一族类傅里叶积分变换，证明其酉性、周期性、特征值以及短时版本的重构与正交性质。
We prove sharp estimates for Fourier transforms of indicator functions of bounded open sets in ${\mathbb R}^n$ with real analytic boundary, as well as nontrivial lattice point discrepancy results. Both will be derived from estimates on Fourier transforms of hypersurface measures. Relations with maximal averages are discussed, connecting two conjectures of Iosevich and Sawyer from [ISa1]. We also prove a theorem concerning the stability under function perturbations of the growth rate of a real analytic function near a zero. This result is sharp in an appropriate sense. It implies a correspondin…
Analog version of Hausdorff--Young's theorem for quadratic Fourier transforms and boundedness of oscillatory integral operator
本文基于 Riesz--Thorin 插值定理证明了二次 Fourier 变换和线性正则变换的 Hausdorff--Young 型不等式，并研究了多项式相位振荡积分算子的有界性。
Based on Guillemin's work on gauged Lagrangian distributions, we will introduce the notion of a poly-$\log$-homogeneous distribution as an approach to $ζ$-functions for a class of Fourier Integral Operators which includes cases of amplitudes with asymptotic expansion $\sum_{k\in\mathbb{N}}a_{m_k}$ where each $a_{m_k}$ is $\log$-homogeneous with degree of homogeneity $m_k$ but violating $\Re(m_k)\to-\infty$. We will calculate the Laurent expansion for the $ζ$-function and give formulae for the coefficients in terms of the phase function and amplitude as well as investigate generalizations to th…
Fourier sine transforms containing irrational integrands are presented. Explicit closed form expressions are shown to be related to Lommel functions and in special cases to the Fresnel integrals. Such integrals arise in the semi-classical theory of the Chemical Potential of the atomic elements.
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