Let $D(H)$ be the quantum double associated to a finite dimensional quasi-Hopf algebra $H$. In this note, we first generalize a result of Majid, stating that a finite dimensional Hopf algebra $H$ is quasitriangular if and only if there is a projection of the quantum double $D(H)$ onto $H$ covering the natural inclusion.We then prove that the quantum double of a finite dimensional quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra is a biproduct.
We find a new class of Hopf algebras, local quasitriangular Hopf algebras, which generalize quasitriangular Hopf algebras. Using these Hopf algebras, we obtain solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation in a systematic way. The category of modules with finite cycles over a local quasitriangular Hopf algebra is a braided tensor category.
We extend to the co-Frobenius case a result of Drinfeld and Radford related to the fourth power of the antipode of a finite dimensional (co)quasitriangular Hopf algebra.
This paper is devoted to the study of the quasitriangularity of Hopf algebras via Hopf quiver approaches. We give a combinatorial description of the Hopf quivers whose path coalgebras give rise to coquasitriangular Hopf algebras. With a help of the quiver setting, we study general coquasitriangular pointed Hopf algebras and obtain a complete classification of the finite-dimensional ones over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0.
Let $q>2$ be a prime number, $d$ be an odd square-free natural number, and $n$ be a non-negative integer. We prove that a semisimple quasitriangular Hopf algebra of dimension $dq^n$ is solvable in the sense of Etingof, Nikshych and Ostrik. In particular, if $n\leq 3$ then it is either isomorphic to $k^G$ for some abelian group $G$, or twist equivalent to a Hopf algebra which fits into a cocentral abelian exact sequence.
The aim of this paper is to give all quasitriangular structures on a class of semisimple Hopf algebras constructed through abelian extensions of $\Bbbk\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ by $\Bbbk^G$ for an abelian group $G$. We first introduce the concept of symmetry of quasitriangular structures of Hopf algebras and obtain some related propositions which can be used to simplify our calculations of quasitriangular structures. Secondly, we find that quasitriangular structures of these semisimple Hopf algebras can do division-like operations. Using such operations we transform the problem of solving the quasitrian…
Let p and q be distinct odd primes and assume k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We classify all quasitriangular Hopf algebras of dimension pq^2 over k, which are not simple as Hopf algebras. Moreover, we obtained all quasitriangular structures on these Hopf algebras.
We show that bicrossed product Hopf algebras arising from exact factorizations in almost simple finite groups, so in particular, in simple and symmetric groups, admit no quasitriangular structure.
We put the known results on the antipode of a usual quasitriangular Hopf algebra into the framework of multiplier Hopf algebras. We illustrate with examples which can not be obtained using classical Hopf Algebras. The focus of the present paper lies on the class of the so-called group cograded multiplier Hopf algebras. By doing so, we bring the results of quasitriangular Hopf group-coalgebras (as introduced by Turaev) to the more general framework of multiplier Hopf algebras.
The aim of this paper is to study quasitriangular structures on a class of semisimple Hopf algebras constructed through abelian extensions of $Z_2$ for an abelian group $G$. We prove that there are only two forms of them. Using such description together with some other techniques, we get a complete list of all universal $\mathcal{R}$-matrices on some Hopf algebras.
In this paper we give two general formulae for the Müger centralizers in the category of representations of a semisimple quasitriangular Hopf algebra. The first formula is given in the terms of the Drinfeld map associated to the quasitriangular Hopf algebra. The second formula for the Müger centralizer is given in the terms of the conjugacy classes introduced by Cohen and Westreich in [J. Algebra 283 (2005), 42-62]. In the case of a factorizable Hopf algebra these formulae extend some particular cases obtained by the author in [Math. Z. 279 (2015), 227-240].
The article is devoted to the describtion of quasitriangular structures (universal R-matrices) on cocommutative Hopf algebras. It is known that such structures are concentrated on finite dimensional Hopf subalgebras. In particular, quasitriangular structure on group algebra is defined by the pairs of normal inclusions of an finite abelian group and by invariant bimultiplicative form on it. The structure is triangular in the case of coinciding inclusions and skewsymmetric form. The nonstandart $λ$-structure on the representation ring of finite group, corresponding to the triangular structure on…
Let $(H, R)$ be a finite dimensional quasitriangular Hopf algebra over a field $k$, and $_H\mathcal{M}$ the representation category of $H$. In this paper, we study the braided autoequivalences of the Drinfeld center $^H_H\mathcal{YD}$ trivializable on $_H\mathcal{M}$. We establish a group isomorphism between the group of those autoequivalences and the group of quantum commutative bi-Galois objects of the transmutation braided Hopf algebra $_RH$. We then apply this isomorphism to obtain a categorical interpretation of the exact sequence of the equivariant Brauer group $\mathrm{BM}(k, H,R)$ in […
Let X=GM be a finite group factorisation. It is shown that the quantum double D(H) of the associated bicrossproduct Hopf algebra $H=kM\cobicross k(G)$ is itself a bicrossproduct $kX\cobicross k(Y)$ associated to a group YX, where $Y=G\times M^{op}$. This provides a class of bicrossproduct Hopf algebras which are quasitriangular. We also construct a subgroup $Y^θX^θ$ associated to every order-reversing automorphism $θ$ of X. The corresponding Hopf algebra $kX^θ\cobicross k(Y^θ)$ has the same coalgebra as H. Using related results, we classify the first order bicovariant differential calculi on H…
In the framework of the Drinfeld theory of twists in Hopf algebras we construct quantum matrix algebras which generalize the Reflection Equation and the RTT algebras. Finite-dimensional representations of these algebras related to the theory of nonultralocal spin chains are presented. The Cayley-Hamilton-Newton identities are demonstrated. These identities allow to define the quantum spectrum for the quantum matrices. We mention possible applications of the new quantum matrix algebras to constructions of noncommutative analogs of Minkowski space and quantum Poincaré algebras.
The basics of quasitriangular Hopf algebras and quantum Lie algebras are briefly reviewed, and it is shown that their properties allow the introduction of a Killing form. For quantum Lie algebras, this leads to the definitions of a Killing metric and quadratic casimir. The specific case of $\uea{su}{N}$ is examined in detail, where it is shown that many of the classical results are reproduced, and explicit calculations to illustrate the conclusions are presented for $\uea{su}{2}$.
The aim of the paper is to provide an method to obtain representations of the braid group through a set of quasitriangular Hopf algebras. In particular, these algebras may be derived from group algebras of cyclic groups with additional algebraic structures. In this context, by using the flip operator, it is possible to construct R-matrices that can be regarded as quantum logic gates capable of preserving quantum entanglement.
We construct an explicit isomorphism between the quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra $D^ω(H)$ defined in \cite{bp} and a certain quantum double quasi-Hopf algebra. We give also new characterizations for a quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra to be ribbon and use them to construct some ribbon elements for $D^ω(H)$.
Skew braces have recently attracted attention as a method to study set-theoretical solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation. Here, we present a new approach to these solutions by studying Hopf algebras in the category, $\mathrm{SupLat}$, of complete lattices and join-preserving morphisms. We connect the two methods by showing that any Hopf algebra, $\mathcal{H}$ in $\mathrm{SupLat}$, has a corresponding group, $R(\mathcal{H})$, which we call its remnant and a co-quasitriangular structure on $\mathcal{H}$ induces a YBE solution on $R(\mathcal{H})$, which is compatible with its group structure. Con…
Starting from a Hopf algebra endowed with an action of a group G by Hopf automorphisms, we construct (by a twisted double method) a quasitriangular Hopf G-coalgebra. This method allows us to obtain non-trivial examples of quasitriangular Hopf G-coalgebras for any finite group G and for infinite groups G such as GL(n,K). In particular, we define the graded quantum groups.
We say that a Hopf algebra H is semicocommutative if the right adjoint coaction factorizes through the tensor product of H with the center of H. For instance the commutative and the cocommutative Hopf algebras are semicocommutative. The quasitriangular Hopf algebras generalize the cocommutative Hopf algebras. In this paper we introduce and begin the study of a similar generalization for the semicocommutative ones. These algebras, which we call semiquasitriangular Hopf algebras have many of the basic properties of the quasitriangular ones. In particular, they have associated braided categories …
We discuss some general results on finite-dimensional Hopf algebras over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic zero and then apply them to Hopf algebras H of dimension p^{3} over k. There are 10 cases according to the group-like elements of H and H^{*}. We show that in 8 of the 10 cases, it is possible to determine the structure of the Hopf algebra. We give also a partial classification of the quasitriangular Hopf algebras of dimension p^{3} over k, after studying extensions of a group algebra of order p by a Taft algebra of dimension p^{2}. In particular, we prove that every ribbo…
Let A be a Hopf algebra in a braided rigid category B. In the case B admits a coend C, which is a Hopf algebra in B, we defined in 2008 the double D(A) of A, which is a quasitriangular Hopf algebra in B whose category of modules is isomorphic to the center of the category of A-modules as a braided category. Here, quasitriangular means endowed with an R-matrix (our notion of R-matrix for a Hopf algebra in B involves the coend C of B). In general, i.e. when B does not necessarily admit a coend, we construct a quasitriangular Hopf monad d_A on the center Z(B) of B whose category of modules is iso…
A universal R--matrix for the quantum Heisenberg algebra h(1)q is presented. Despite of the non--quasitriangularity of this Hopf algebra, the quantum group induced from it coincides with the quasitriangular deformation already known.
We reformulate the method recently proposed for constructing quasitriangular Hopf algebras of the quantum-double type from the R-matrices obeying the Yang-Baxter equations. Underlying algebraic structures of the method are elucidated and an illustration of its facilities is given. The latter produces an example of a new quasitriangular Hopf algebra. The corresponding universal R-matrix is presented as a formal power series.
Let G be a connected, simply connected Poisson-Lie group with quasitriangular Lie bialgebra g. An explicit description of the double D(g) is given, together with the embeddings of g and g^*. This description is then used to provide a construction of the double D(G). The aim of this work is to describe D(G) in sufficient detail to be able to apply the procedures of Semenov-Tian-Shansky and Drinfeld for the classification of symplectic leaves and Poisson homogeneous spaces for Poisson-Lie groups.
We study a natural construction of Hopf algebra quotients canonically associated to an R-matrix in a finite dimensional Hopf algebra. We apply this construction to show that a quasitriangular Hopf algebra whose dimension is odd and square-free is necessarily cocommutative.
Nonlinear deformations of the enveloping algebra of su(2), involving two arbitrary functions of J_0 and generalizing the Witten algebra, were introduced some time ago by Delbecq and Quesne. In the present paper, the problem of endowing some of them with a Hopf algebraic structure is addressed by studying in detail a specific example, referred to as ${\cal A}^+_q(1)$. This algebra is shown to possess two series of (N+1)-dimensional unitary irreducible representations, where N=0, 1, 2, .... To allow the coupling of any two such representations, a generalization of the standard Hopf axioms is pro…
An important property of a Hopf algebra is its quasitriangularity and it is useful various applications. This property is investigated for quantum groups $sl_2$ at roots of 1. It is shown that different forms of the quantum group $sl_2$ at roots of 1 are either quasitriangular or have similar structure which will be called autoquasitriangularity. In the most interesting cases this property means that "braiding automorphism" is a combination of some Poisson transformation and an adjoint transformation with certain element of the tensor square of the algebra.
We introduce the Hom-analogue of the L-R-smash product and use it to define the Hom-analogue of the diagonal crossed product. When H is a finite dimensional Hom-Hopf algebra with bijective antipode and bijective structure map, we define the Drinfeld double of H; its algebra structure is a Hom-diagonal crossed product and it has all expected properties, namely it is quasitriangular and modules over it coincide with left-right Yetter-Drinfeld modules over H.
We study the copointed Hopf algebras attached to the Nichols algebra of the affine rack $\Aff(\F_4,ω)$, also known as tetrahedron rack, and the 2-cocycle -1. We investigate the so-called Verma modules and classify all the simple modules. We conclude that these algebras are of wild representation type and not quasitriangular, also we analyze when these are spherical.
We give a classification of all quasitriangular structures and ribbon elements of $\mathcal{D}(G)$ explicitly in terms of group homomorphisms and central subgroups. This can equivalently be interpreted as an explicit description of all braidings with which the tensor category $\operatorname{Rep}(\mathcal{D}(G))$ can be endowed. We also characterize their equivalence classes under the action of $\operatorname{Aut}(\mathcal{D}(G))$ and determine when they are factorizable.
Some of the general results in the paper require an additional hypothesis, such as quasitriangularity. Applications to specific types of Hopf algebras are correct, as some of these are quasitriangular, and for those that are not, the Hochschild support variety theory may be applied instead.
We investigate a family of Hopf algebras of dimension 72 whose coradical is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on S_3. We determine the lattice of submodules of the so-called Verma modules and as a consequence we classify all simple modules. We show that these Hopf algebras are unimodular (as well as their duals) but not quasitriangular; also, they are cocycle deformations of each other.
A fundamental problem in the theory of Hopf algebras is the classification and explicit construction of finite-dimensional quasitriangular Hopf algebras over C. These Hopf algebras constitute a very important class of Hopf algebras, introduced by Drinfeld (e.g. the quantum double of a Hopf algebra). However, this intriguing problem turns out to be extremely hard and it is still widely open. One can hope that resolving the problem in the triangular case would contribute to the understanding of the general case. There is no complte classification of finite-dimensional triangular Hopf algebras ye…
The quantized enveloping algebra $U_q$ is constructed as a quotient of the generalized quantum double $ U^{\leq 0}_q \cmdbicross_τ U^{\geq 0}_q $ associated to a natural skew pairing $ τ: U^{\leq 0}_q \otimes U^{\geq 0}_q \to k $. This double is generalized by $\cmdcalD = (\cmdfrakB (V) \cmddotrtimes F) \cmdbicross_τ (\cmdfrakB (W) \cmddotrtimes G)$, where $F$, $G$ are abelian groups, $ V \in {}^F_F \cmdcalYD $, $ W \in {}^G_G \cmdcalYD $ are Yetter-Drinfeld modules and $ \cmdfrakB (V) $, $ \cmdfrakB (W) $ are their Nichols algebras. We prove some results on Hopf ideals of $ \cmdcalD $, includ…
We introduce and study Hopf monads on autonomous categories (i.e., monoidal categories with duals). Hopf monads generalize Hopf algebras to a non-braided (and non-linear) setting. Indeed, any monoidal adjunction between autonomous categories gives rise to a Hopf monad. We extend many fundamental results of the theory of Hopf algebras (such as the decomposition of Hopf modules, the existence of integrals, Maschke's criterium of semisimplicity, etc...) to Hopf monads. We also introduce and study quasitriangular and ribbon Hopf monads (again defined in a non-braided setting).
In this paper we investigate nilpotenct and probabilistically nilpotent Hopf algebras. We define nilpotency via a descending chain of commutators and give a criterion for nilpotency via a family of central invertible elements. These elements can be obtained from a {\it commutator matrix} $A$ which depends only on the Grothendieck ring of $H.$ When $H$ is almost cocommutative we introduce a probabilistic method. We prove that every semisimple quasitriangular Hopf algebra is probabilistically nilpotent. In a sense we thereby answer the title of our paper {\it Are we counting or measuring anythin…
The center Z(C) of an autonomous category C is monadic over C (if certain coends exist in C). The notion of Hopf monad naturally arises if one tries to reconstruct the structure of Z(C) in terms of its monad Z: we show that Z is a quasitriangular Hopf monad on C and Z(C) is isomorphic to the braided category Z-C of Z-modules. More generally, let T be a Hopf monad on an autonomous category C. We construct a Hopf monad Z_T on C, the centralizer of T, and a canonical distributive law of T over Z_T. By Beck's theory, this has two consequences. On one hand, D_T=Z_T T is a quasitriangular Hopf monad…
Let $H$ be a quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra, we construct a braided group $\underline{H}$ in the quasiassociative category of left $H$-modules. Conversely, given any braided group $B$ in this category, we construct a quasi-Hopf algebra $B\rtimes H$ in the category of vector spaces. We generalise the transmutation and bosonisation theory of [10] to the quasi case. As examples, we bosonise the octonion algebra to an asoociative one, obtain the twisted quantum double $D^ϕ(G)$ of a finite group as a bosonisation, and obtain its transmutation. Finally, we show that $\underline{H}\rtimes H$ is i…
Two "quantum enveloping algebras", here denoted by $U(R)$ and $U^{\sim}(R)$, are associated in [FRTa] and [FRTb] to any Yang-Baxter operator R. The latter is only a bialgebra, in general; the former is a Hopf algebra. In this paper, we study the pointed Hopf algebras $U(R_Q)$, where $R_Q$ is the Yang-Baxter operator associated with the multi-parameter deformation of $GL_n$ supplied in [AST]; cf also [S,Re]. Some earlier results concerning these Hopf algebras $U(R_Q)$ were obtained in [To,CLMT,CM]; a related (but different) Hopf algebra was studied in [DP]. The main new results obtained here co…
Motivated by the form of the noncommutative *-product in a system of open strings and Dp-branes with constant nonzero Neveu-Schwarz 2-form, we define a deformed multiplication operation on a quasitriangular Hopf algebra in terms of its R-matrix, and comment on some of its properties. We show that the noncommutative string theory *-product is a particular example of this multiplication, and comment on other possible Hopf algebraic properties which may underlie the theory.
Drinfeld showed that any finite dimensional Hopf algebra \G extends to a quasitriangular Hopf algebra \D(\G), the quantum double of \G. Based on the construction of a so--called diagonal crossed product developed by the authors, we generalize this result to the case of quasi--Hopf algebras \G. As for ordinary Hopf algebras, as a vector space the ``quasi--quantum double'' \D(\G) is isomorphic to the tensor product of \G and its dual \dG. We give explicit formulas for the product, the coproduct, the R--matrix and the antipode on \D(\G) and prove that they fulfill Drinfeld's axioms of a quasitria…
In this paper, we introduce the concept of a Rota-Baxter paired module to study Rota-Baxter modules without necessarily a Rota-Baxter operator. We obtain two characterizations of Rota-Baxter paired modules, and give some basic properties of Rota-Baxter paired modules. Beginning with the connection between the notion of integrals in the representations of Hopf algebra and of the notion of an integral algebra as a motivation and special case of Rota-Baxter algebra of weight zero, we obtain a large number of Rota-Baxter paired modules from Hopf related algebras and modules, including semisimple H…
Let $\hat{\frak g}$ be an untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra. The quantum group $U_h(\hat{\frak g})$ (over $\mathbb{C}[[h]]$) is known to be a quasitriangular Hopf algebra: in particular, it has a universal $ R $--matrix, which yields an $ R $--matrix for each pair of representations of $U_h(\hat{\frak g})$. On the other hand, the quantum group $U_q(\hat{\frak g})$ (over $\mathbb{C}(q) $) also has an $ R $--matrix for each pair of representations, but it has not a universal $ R $--matrix so that one cannot say that it is quasitriangular. Following Reshetikin, one introduces the (weaker) notion…
We use integrals of left coideal subalgebras to develop Harmonic analysis for semisimple Hopf algebras. We show how $N^*,$ the space of functional on $N,$ is embedded in $H^*.$ We define a bilinear form on $N^*$ and show that irreducible $N$-characters are orthogonal with respect to that form. We then give an explicit formula for induced characters of $N$ and show how the induced characters are embedded in $R(H).$ In the second part we give an intrinsic definition for solvable semisimple Hopf algebras via left coideal subalgebras and their integrals. We show how this definition generalizes sol…
We introduce a quantum double quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra $D(H)$ associated to any quasi-Hopf algebra $H$. The algebra structure is a cocycle double cross product. We use categorical reconstruction methods. As an example, we recover the quasi-Hopf algebra of Dijkgraaf, Pasquier and Roche as the quantum double $D^ϕ(G)$ associated to a finite group $G$ and group 3-cocycle $ϕ$.
In a recent paper (1994 {\sl J.\ Phys.\ A: Math.\ Gen.\ }{\bf 27} 5907), Oh and Singh determined a Hopf structure for a generalized $q$-oscillator algebra. We prove that under some general assumptions, the latter is, apart from some algebras isomorphic to su$_q$(2), su$_q$(1,1), or their undeformed counterparts, the only generalized deformed oscillator algebra that supports a Hopf structure. We show in addition that the latter can be equipped with a universal $\cR$-matrix, thereby making it into a quasitriangular Hopf algebra.
The universal R-matrices and, dually, the coquasitriangular structures of the group Hopf algebra of a finite Abelian group (resp. of an arbitrary Abelian group) are determined. This is used to formulate graded multilinear algebra in terms of triangular or cotriangular Hopf algebras. For the convenience of the reader, in a separate section the definitions and basic properties of quasitriangular and coquasitriangular Hopf algebras are recalled.
Let $(H, σ)$ be a coquasitriangular Hopf algebra, not necessarily finite dimensional. Following methods of Doi and Takeuchi, which parallel the constructions of Radford in the case of finite dimensional quasitriangular Hopf algebras, we define $H_σ$, a sub-Hopf algebra of $H^0$, the finite dual of $H$. Using the generalized quantum double construction and the theory of Hopf algebras with a projection, we associate to $H$ a braided Hopf algebra structure in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over $H_σ^{\rm cop}$. Specializing to $H={\rm SL}_q(N)$, we obtain explicit formulas which endow ${…
We develop the approach of Faddeev, Reshetikhin, Takhtajan [1] and of Majid [2] that enables one to associate a quasitriangular Hopf algebra to every regular invertible constant solution of the quantum Yang-Baxter equations. We show that such a Hopf algebra is actually a quantum double.
This is an introduction for algebraists to the theory of algebras and Hopf algebras in braided categories. Such objects generalise super-algebras and super-Hopf algebras, aswell as colour-Lie algebras. Basic facts about braided categories C are recalled, the modules and comodules of Hopf algebras in such categories are studied,the notion of `braided -commutative' or `braided-cocommutative' Hopf algebras (braided groups) is reviewed and a fully diagrammatic proof of the reconstruction theorem for a braided group aut(C) is given. The theory has important implications for the theory of quasitrian…
Twisted tensor powers of quasitriangular Hopf algebras with diagonal sub-Hopf-algebras (self-diagonal tensor powers) are introduced together with their duals and their mutual *-structures as generalizations of the Drinfel'd double as given by Reshetikhin and Semenov-Tian-Shansky. R-Matrices for tensor products of representations are derived.
