Stefano Vidussi
In this note we present a new definition of the 4-manifold admitting inequivalent symplectic structures constructed by McMullen-Taubes which leads to the identification of a new symplectic structure. We prove moreover that it is diffeomorphic to one of the link surgery manifolds introduced by Fintushel-Stern.
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We construct a smooth codimension-one foliation on the five-sphere in which every leaf is a symplectic four-manifold and such that the symplectic structure varies smoothly. Our construction implies the existence of a complete regular Poisson structure on the five-sphere.
In this paper, we collect various structural results to determine when an integral homology $3$--sphere bounds an acyclic smooth $4$--manifold, and when this can be upgraded to a Stein manifold. In a different direction we study whether smooth embedding of connected sums of lens spaces in $\mathbb{C}^2$ can be upgraded to a Stein embedding, and determined that this never happens.
We show that any closed oriented 3-manifold can be topologically embedded in some simply-connected closed symplectic 4-manifold, and that it can be made a smooth embedding after one stabilization. As a corollary of the proof we show that the homology cobordism group is generated by Stein fillable 3-manifolds. We also find obstructions on smooth embeddings: there exists 3-manifolds which cannot smoothly embed in a way that appropriately respect orientations in any symplectic manifold with weakly convex boundary. This embedding obstruction can also be used to detect exotic smooth structures on 4…
Suppose that $C=(C_1,..., C_m)$ is a configuration of 2-dimensional symplectic submanifolds in a symplectic 4-manifold $(X,ω)$ with connected, negative definite intersection graph $Γ_C$. We show that by replacing an appropriate neighborhood of $\cup C_i$ with a smoothing $W_S$ of a normal surface singularity $(S, 0)$ with resolution graph $Γ_C$, the resulting 4-manifold admits a symplectic structure. This operation generalizes the rational blow-down operation of Fintushel-Stern for other configurations, and therefore extends Symington's result about symplectic rational blow-downs.
We derive an obstruction to representing a homology class of a symplectic 4-manifold by an embedded, possibly disconnected, symplectic surface.
We show that the space of anti-symplectic involutions of a monotone $S^2\times S^2$ whose fixed points set is a Lagrangian sphere is connected. This follows from a stronger result, namely that any two anti-symplectic involutions in that space are Hamiltonian isotopic.
Infinite connected components of the space of symplectic forms on ruled surfaces
本文在直纹曲面上构造了无限族两两不同痕的微分同胚辛形式，解决了闭辛四维流形上辛结构在同痕意义下的唯一性问题。
The symplectic isotopy conjecture states that every smooth symplectic surface in $CP^2$ is symplectically isotopic to a complex algebraic curve. Progress began with Gromov's pseudoholomorphic curves [Gro85], and progressed further culminating in Siebert and Tian's proof of the conjecture up to degree 17 [ST05], but further progress has stalled. In this article we provide a new direction of attack on this problem. Using a solution to a nodal symplectic isotopy problem we guide model symplectic isotopies of smooth surfaces. This results in an equivalence between the smooth symplectic isotopy pro…
A study on the relation between the smooth structure of a symplectic homotopy K3 surface and its symplectic symmetries is initiated. A measurement of exoticness of a symplectic homotopy K3 surface is introduced, and the influence of an effective action of a K3 group via symplectic symmetries is investigated. It is shown that an effective action by various maximal symplectic K3 groups forces the corresponding homotopy K3 surface to be minimally exotic with respect to our measure. (However, the standard K3 is the only known example of such minimally exotic homotopy K3 surfaces.) The possible str…
We determine the Lagrangian monodromy group L(T) and the smooth monodromy group S(T) of a Clifford torus T in the symplectic 4-space. We show that L(T) is isomorphic to the infinite dihedral group, and S(T) is generated by three reflections. We give explicit formulas for both groups. We also show that if a Lagrangian torus is smoothly isotopic to a Clifford torus then the smooth isotopy can be chosen to be Lagrangian outside of a disc.
We show that every negative definite configuration of symplectic surfaces in a symplectic 4--manifold has a strongly symplectically convex neighborhood. We use this to show that, if a negative definite configuration satisfies an additional negativity condition at each surface in the configuration, and if the complex singularity with resolution diffeomorphic to a neighborhood of the configuration has a smoothing, then the configuration can be symplectically replaced by the smoothing of the singularity. This generalizes the symplectic rational blowdown procedure used in recent constructions of s…
Rational ruled surfaces as symplectic hyperplane sections
本文研究有理直纹面作为辛超平面截面嵌入闭整辛流形的问题，并由此得出其 Boothby--Wang 丛的 Stein 可填充性结论。
We construct an infinite family of homologous, non-isotopic, symplectic surfaces of any genus greater than one in a certain class of closed, simply connected, symplectic four-manifolds. Our construction is the first example of this phenomenon for surfaces of genus greater than one.
The symplectic cone of a closed oriented 4-manifold is the set of cohomology classes represented by symplectic forms. A well-known conjecture describes this cone for every minimal Kaehler surface. We consider the case of the elliptic surfaces E(n) and focus on a slightly weaker conjecture for the closure of the symplectic cone. We prove this conjecture in the case of the spin surfaces E(2m) using inflation and the action of self-diffeomorphisms of the elliptic surface. An additional obstruction appears in the non-spin case.
Let E(1)_p denote the rational elliptic surface with a single multiple fiber f_p of multiplicity p. We construct an infinite family of homologous non-isotopic symplectic tori representing the primitive class [f_p] in E(1)_p when p>1. As a consequence, we get infinitely many non-isotopic symplectic tori in the fiber class of the rational elliptic surface E(1) (complex projective plane blown-up at nine branch points of a generic pencil of cubic curves). We also show how these tori can be non-isotopically and symplectically embedded in many other symplectic 4-manifolds.
In this article, we construct a genus-$0$ or genus-$1$ positive allowable Lefschetz fibration on any minimal symplectic filling of the link of non-cyclic quotient surface singularities. As a byproduct, we also show that any minimal symplectic filling of the link of quotient surface singularities can be obtained from a sequence of rational blowdowns from its minimal resolution.
Symplectic Surface Summing and Negative Spheres
本文推广球面求和构造至沿任意亏格曲面的辛求和，给出所得曲面的亏格和自交数公式，并恢复椭圆曲面特例及构造高亏格例子。
For each member of an infinite family of homology classes in the K3-surface E(2), we construct infinitely many non-isotopic symplectic tori representing this homology class. This family has an infinite subset of primitive classes. We also explain how these tori can be non-isotopically embedded as homologous symplectic submanifolds in many other symplectic 4-manifolds including the elliptic surfaces E(n) for n>2.
Construction of symplectic flexible links
本文证明实射影三维平面中任意光滑一维链环均可实现为复射影三维平面中某辛曲面的复共轭不动点轨迹，且曲面次数仅取决于链环同调类，表明柔性链环的辛实现无经典拓扑之外的障碍。
In this paper we show that there are two symplectic surfaces in the 4-ball which bound the same transverse knot, have the same topology (as abstract surfaces), and are distinguished by the fundamental groups of their complements.
We prove that a positive definite smooth four-manifold with $b_2^+ \geq 2$ and having either no 1-handles or no 3-handles cannot admit a symplectic structure.
Let E(1)_K denote the closed 4-manifold that is homotopy equivalent (hence homeomorphic) to the rational elliptic surface E(1) and is obtained by performing Fintushel-Stern knot surgery on E(1) using a knot K in S^3. We construct an infinite family of homologous non-isotopic symplectic tori representing a primitive homology class in E(1)_K when K is any nontrivial fibred knot in S^3. We also show how these tori can be non-isotopically embedded as homologous symplectic submanifolds in other symplectic 4-manifolds.
We present constructions of simply connected symplectic 4-manifolds which have (up to sign) one basic class and which fill up the geographical region between the half-Noether and Noether lines.
We mostly determine which closed smooth oriented 4-manifolds fibering over lower dimensional manifolds are virtually symplectic, i.e. finitely covered by symplectic 4-manifolds.
The aim of this paper is to show that Lawson's foliation on the 5-sphere admits a smooth leafwise symplectic structure. The main part of the construction is to show that the Fermat type cubic surface admits an end-periodic symplectic structure.
Periodic symplectic and Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms on irrational ruled surfaces
研究无理直纹辛4 - 流形上有限阶哈密顿微分同胚扩展为哈密顿圆周作用的情况，通过构造实例揭示扩展障碍及新奇异作用，结果还适用于高维及非循环群作用并建立相关有限群结构结果。
Examples of symplectic non-leaves
本文研究了闭流形上余维1辛叶状结构可实现为叶的流形条件，通过引入强几何有界性，给出了可实现为光滑叶但无法实现为辛叶的流形实例，并探讨了欧几里得空间无穷点吹胀的辛叶实现性。
We study neighborhoods of configurations of symplectic surfaces in symplectic 4-manifolds. We show that suitably `positive' configurations have neighborhoods with concave boundaries and we explicitly describe open book decompositions of the boundaries supporting the associated negative contact structures. This is used to prove symplectic nonfillability for certain contact 3-manifolds and thus nonpositivity for certain mapping classes on surfaces with boundary. Similarly, we show that certain pairs of contact 3-manifolds cannot appear as the disconnected convex boundary of any connected symplec…
Smooth and symplectic symmetries of an infinite family of distinct exotic $K3$ surfaces are studied, and comparison with the corresponding symmetries of the standard $K3$ is made. The action on the $K3$ lattice induced by a smooth finite group action is shown to be strongly restricted, and as a result, nonsmoothability of actions induced by a holomorphic automorphism of a prime order $\geq 7$ is proved and nonexistence of smooth actions by several $K3$ groups is established (included among which is the binary tetrahedral group $T_{24}$ which has the smallest order). Concerning symplectic symme…
We construct a family of pairs of non-isotopic symplectic surfaces in the standard symplectic $4$-disk such that they are bounded by the same transverse knot in the standard contact $3$-sphere and fundamental groups of their complements are isomorphic. In the appendix, we prove explicitly that one can obtain a symplectic surface in the standard symplectic $4$-disk from a braided surface in a bidisk.
In this paper we show that every degree 2 homology class of a 2n-dimensional symplectic manifold is represented by an immersed symplectic surface if it has positive symplectic area. Moreover, the symplectic surface can be chosen to be embedded if 2n is at least 6. We also analyze the additional conditions under which embedded symplectic representatives exist in dimension 4.
Let M be a closed oriented smooth 4-manifold admitting symplectic structures. If M is minimal and has b^+=1, we prove that there is a unique symplectic canonical class up to sign, and any real second cohomology class of positive square is represented by symplectic forms. Similar results hold when M is not minimal.
We call a symplectic rational surface $(X,ω)$ \textit{positive} if $c_1(X)\cdot[ω]>0$. The positivity condition of a rational surface is equivalent to the existence of a divisor $D\subset X$, such that $(X, D)$ is a log Calabi-Yau surface. The cohomology class of a symplectic form can be endowed with a \textit{type} using the root system associated to its Lagrangian spherical classes. In this paper, we prove that the symplectic Torelli group of a positive rational surface is trivial if it is of type $\mathbb{A}$, and is a sphere braid group if it is of type $\mathbb{D}$. As an application, we …
Symplectic Classes on Elliptic Surfaces with positive Euler Number
本文研究了正欧拉数椭圆面的辛锥，探讨其辛类的结构与性质。
We give a new characterization of symplectic surfaces in CP^2 via bridge trisections. Specifically, a minimal genus surface in CP^2 is smoothly isotopic to a symplectic surface if and only if it is smoothly isotopic to a surface in transverse bridge position. We discuss several potential applications, including the classification of unit 2-knots, establishing the triviality of Gluck twists, the symplectic isotopy problem, Auroux's proof that every symplectic 4-manifold is a branched cover over CP^2, and the existence of Weinstein trisections. The proof exploits a well-known connection between …
We prove that the rational blowdown, a surgery on smooth 4-manifolds introduced by Fintushel and Stern, can be performed in the symplectic category. As a consequence, interesting families of smooth 4-manifolds, including the exotic $K3$ surfaces of Gompf and Mrowka, admit symplectic structures.
We will survey some aspects of the smooth topology, algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry and contact geometry of anti-canonical pairs in complex dimension two.
We explicitly produce symplectic genus-3 Lefschetz pencils (with base points), whose total spaces are homeomorphic but not diffeomorphic to rational surfaces CP^2 # p (-CP^2) for p= 7, 8, 9. We then give a new construction of an infinite family of symplectic Calabi-Yau surfaces with first Betti number b_1=2,3, along with a surface with b_1=4 homeomorphic to the 4-torus. These are presented as the total spaces of symplectic genus-3 Lefschetz pencils we construct via new positive factorizations in the mapping class group of a genus-3 surface. Our techniques in addition allow us to answer in the …
Let M be a 4-manifold which admits a free circle action. We use twisted Alexander polynomials to study the existence of symplectic structures and the minimal complexity of surfaces in M. The results on the existence of symplectic structures summarize previous results of the authors in [FV08a,FV08,FV07]. The results on surfaces of minimal complexity are new.
We prove that every minimal symplectic filling of the link of a quotient surface singularity can be obtained from its minimal resolution by applying a sequence of rational blow-downs and symplectic antiflips. We present an explicit algorithm inspired by the minimal model program for complex 3-dimensional algebraic varieties.
This note provides a formula for the character of the Lie algebra of the fundamental group of a surface, viewed as a module over the symplectic group.
The main result of this paper states that a symplectic s-cobordism of elliptic 3-manifolds is diffeomorphic to a product (assuming a canonical contact structure on the boundary). Based on this theorem, we conjecture that a smooth s-cobordism of elliptic 3-manifolds is smoothly a product if its universal cover is smoothly a product. We explain how the conjecture fits naturally into the program of Taubes of constructing symplectic structures on an oriented smooth 4-manifold from generic self-dual harmonic forms. The paper also contains an auxiliary result of independent interest, which generaliz…
Let G be a split semi-simple algebraic group over Q. Let S be a decorated surface, that is a topological oriented surface with a finite set of marked points on the boundary, considered modulo isotopy. We introduce a moduli space D(G,S) and define a collection of special rational coordinate systems on it. The moduli space D(G,S) is the symplectic double of the Poisson moduli space of framed G-local systems on S. Its symplectic form is upgraded to a K2-symplectic structure for which the special coordinates are K2-Darboux coordinates.
In this paper, by using Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem, we obtain a formula for the signature of a flat symplectic vector bundle over a surface with boundary, which is related to the Toledo invariant of a surface group representation in the real symplectic group and the Rho invariant on the boundary. As an application, we obtain a Milnor-Wood type inequality for the signature. In particular, we give a new proof of the Milnor-Wood inequality for the Toledo invariant in the case of closed surfaces and obtain some modified inequalities for the surface with boundary.
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