Sergei M. Grudsky, Kira V. Khmelnytskaya, Vladislav V. Kravchenko
Maxwell's equations for the time-dependent electromagnetic field in a homogeneous chiral medium are reduced to a single quaternionic equation. Its fundamental solution satisfying the causality principle is obtained which allows us to solve the time-dependent chiral Maxwell system with sources.
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We propose a simple quaternionic reformulation of Maxwell's equations for inhomogeneous media and use it in order to obtain new solutions in a static case.
We show that the Maxwell equations for arbitrary inhomogeneous media are equivalent to a single quaternionic equation which can be considered as a generalization of the Vekua equation for generalized analytic functions.
We consider the following first order systems of mathematical physics. 1.The Dirac equation with scalar potential. 2.The Dirac equation with electric potential. 3.The Dirac equation with pseudoscalar potential. 4.The system describing non-linear force free magnetic fields or Beltrami fields with nonconstant proportionality factor. 5.The Maxwell equations for slowly changing media. 6.The static Maxwell system. We show that all this variety of first order systems reduces to a single quaternionic equation the analysis of which in its turn reduces to the solution of a Schroedinger equation with bi…
Quaternionic fundamental solutions for the numerical analysis of electromagnetic scattering problems
针对麦克斯韦方程边值问题，提出一类新的基本解，证明其在光滑边界上适当Sobolev空间中的完备性，并通过数值结果验证方法的有效性。
The behavior of an electron in an external uniform electromagnetic background coupled to a harmonic potential, with noncommuting space coordinates, is considered in this work. The thermodynamics of the system is studied. Matrix vector coherent states (MVCS) as well as quaternionic vector coherent states (QVCS), satisfying required properties, are also constructed and discussed.
We introduce an analog of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for the Maxwell equation in a bounded domain. We show that it can be approximated by a pseudodifferential operator on the boundary with a matrix-valued symbol and we compute the principal symbol. As a consequence, we obtain a parabolic region free of the transmission eigenvalues associated to the Maxwell equation.
A simple relation between the Maxwell system and the Dirac equation based on their quaternionic reformulation is discussed. We establish a close connection between solutions of both systems as well as a relation between the wave parameters of the electromagnetic field and the energy of the Dirac particle.
The earlier proposed conditions of (bi)quaternionic differentiability are nonlinear, give rize to the 2-spinor and the self-dual gauge structures and may be considered as the it generating system of equations (GSE) with respect to the source-free Maxwell, Yang-Mills and eikonal equations. We present the general solution of the GSE in terms of twistor variables, analize its rather specific gauge symmetry and demonstrate the relation of GSE to the equations of shear-free null congruences and, consequently, - to effective metrics of Kerr- Shild type. The concept of particles as singularities of p…
In this paper the "strong" Maxwell operator defined on fields from the Sobolev space $W_2^1$, and the "weak" Maxwell operator defined on the natural domain are considered. It is shown that in a convex domain, and, more generally, in a domain, which is locally $(W_3^2 \cap W^1_\infty)$-diffeomorphic to convex one, the "strong" and the "weak" Maxwell operators coincide.
We consider for the time-dependent Maxwell's equations the inverse problem of identifying locations and certain properties of small electromagnetic inhomogeneities in a homogeneous background medium from dynamic measurements of the tangential component of the magnetic field on the boundary (or a part of the boundary) of a domain.
A suitable parameterization of space-time in terms of one complex and three quaternionic imaginary units allows Lorentz transformations to be implemented as multiplication by complex-quaternionic numbers rather than matrices. Maxwell's equations reduce to a single equation.
In this paper, we discuss the Maxwell equations in terms of differential forms, both in the 3-dimensional space and in the 4-dimensional space-time manifold. Further, we view the classical electrodynamics as the curvature of a line bundle, and fit it into gauge theory.
We considered the electromagnetic field of a charge moving with a constant acceleration along an axis. We found that this field obtained from the Lienard-Wiechert potentials does not satisfy Maxwell equations.
The representation of the conformal group (PSU(2,2)) on the space of solutions to Maxwell's equations on the conformal compactification of Minkowski space is shown to break up into four irreducible unitarizable smooth Fréchet representations of moderate growth. An explicit inner product is defined on each representation. The frequency spectrum of each of these representations is analyzed. These representations have notable properties; in particular they have positive or negative energy, they are of type $A_{\frak q}(λ)$ and are quaternionic. Physical implications of the results are explained.
The approximate cloaking is investigated for time-harmonic Maxwell's equations via the approach of transformation optics. The problem is reduced to certain boundary effect estimates due to an inhomogeneous electromagnetic inclusion with an asymptotically small support but an arbitrary content enclosed by a thin high-conducting layer. Sharp estimates are established in terms of the asymptotic parameter, which are independent of the material tensors of the small electromagnetic inclusion. The result implies that the `blow-up-a-small-region' construction via the transformation optics approach yie…
Symplectic structures associated to connection forms on certain types of principal fiber bundles are constructed via analysis of reduced geometric structures on fibered manifolds invariant under naturally related symmetry groups. This approach is then applied to nonstandard Hamiltonian analysis of of dynamical systems of Maxwell and Yang-Mills type. A symplectic reduction theory of the classical Maxwell equations is formulated so as to naturally include the Lorentz condition (ensuring the existence of electromagnetic waves), thereby solving the well known Dirac -Fock - Podolsky problem. Symple…
In this paper we discuss global existence of the solution of the Maxwell and Newton system of equations, describing the interaction of a rigid charge distribution with the electromagnetic field it generates. A unique solution is proved to exist (for regular charge distributions) on suitable homogeneous and non-homogeneous Sobolev spaces, for the electromagnetic field, and on coordinate and velocity space for the charge; provided initial data belong to the subspace that satisfies the divergence part of Maxwell's equations.
Uniqueness results are established for time-independent finite-energy electromagnetic fields which solve the nonlinear Maxwell--Born--Infeld equations in boundary-free space under the condition that either the charge or current density vanishes. In addition, it is also shown that the simpler Maxwell--Born equations admit at most a unique stationary finite-energy electromagnetic field solution, without the above condition. In these theories of electromagnetism, the following physical consequences emerge: source-free field solitons moving at speeds less than the vacuum speed of light $c$ do not …
Maxwell's vacuum equations are integrated for admissible electromagnetic fields in homogeneous spaces. Admissible electromagnetic fields are those for which the space group generates an algebra of symmetry operators ( integrals of motion ) that is isomorphic to the algebra of group operators. Two frames associated with the group of motions are used to obtain systems of ordinary differential equations to which Maxwell's equations reduce. The solutions are obtained in quadratures. The potentials of the admissible electromagnetic fields and the metrics of the spaces contained in the obtained solu…
In this paper, we consider near cloaking for the full Maxwell equations. We extend the recent results, where the quasi-static limit case and the Helmholtz equation are considered, to electromagnetic scattering problems. We construct very effective near cloaking structures for the electromagnetic scattering problem at a fixed frequency. These new structures are, before using the transformation optics, layered structures and are designed so that their first scattering coefficients vanish. Inside the cloaking region, any target has near-zero scattering cross section for a band of frequencies. We …
Solutions of Maxwell equations for admissible electromagnetic fields, in spaces with simply transitive four-parameter groups of motions
本文针对时空流形容许单传递四参数运动群$G_4(N)$的情形，求出真空麦克斯韦方程的所有非等价解，证明容许电磁场的势对应的两类方程运动积分代数与该群算子代数同构。
The Maxwell equations for chiral media are treated with the aid of quaternionic analysis methods. Besides the possibility of simplification of the form of such basic facts like the Stratton-Chu formulas we obtain a criterion for the extendability of the electromagnetic field from a sufficiently smooth closed surface to its interior or exterior domain.
The classification of exact solutions of Maxwell vacuum equations for the case when the electromagnetic fields and metrics of homogeneous spaces are invariant with respect to the motion group G(VII) is completed. All non-equivalent exact solutions of Maxwell vacuum equations for electromagnetic fields and spaces with such symmetry have been obtained. The vectors of the canonical frame of a homogeneous space of type VII according to the Bianchi classification, and the electromagnetic field potentials have been found.
We show that the linearized equations of the incompressible elastic medium admit a `Maxwell form' in which the shear component of the stress vector plays the role of the electric field, and the vorticity plays the role of the magnetic field. Conversely, the set of dynamic Maxwell equations are strict mathematical corollaries from the governing equations of the incompressible elastic medium. This suggests that the nature of `electromagnetic field' may actually be related to an elastic continuous medium. The analogy is complete if the medium is assumed to behave as fluid in shear motions, while …
Non-minimally coupled Y(R)-Maxwell gravity which have some interesting solutions may be used to understand dark matter, dark energy, the origin of cosmic magnetic field and the evaluation of the universe. We give some new solutions to the model such as spherically symmetric electric, magnetic and dyon solutions. We point out an existence of an electromagnetic duality transformation for the model.
The Riemann -- Silberstein -- Majorana -- Oppenheimer approach to the Maxwell electrodynamics in vacuum is investigated within the matrix formalism. The matrix form of electrodynamics includes three real 4 \times 4 matrices. Within the squaring procedure we construct four formal solutions of the Maxwell equations on the base of scalar Klein -- Fock -- Gordon solutions. The problem of separating physical electromagnetic waves in the linear space λ_{0}Ψ^{0}+λ_{1}Ψ^{1}+λ_{2}Ψ^{2}+ lambda_{3}Ψ^{3} is investigated, several particular cases, plane waves and cylindrical waves, are considered in detai…
Complex formalism of Riemann - Silberstein - Majorana - Oppenheimer in Maxwell electrodynamics is extended to the case of arbitrary pseudo-Riemannian space - time in accordance with the tetrad recipe of Tetrode - Weyl - Fock - Ivanenko. In this approach, the Maxwell equations are solved exactly on the background of static cosmological Einstein model, parameterized by special cylindrical coordinates and realized as a Riemann space of constant positive curvature. A discrete frequency spectrum for electromagnetic modes depending on the curvature radius of space and three parameters is found, and …
We study the many-body problem of charged particles interacting with their self-generated electromagnetic field. We model the dynamics of the particles by the many-body Maxwell-Schrödinger system, where the particles are treated quantum mechanically and the electromagnetic field is a classical quantity. We prove the existence of a unique local in time solution to this nonlinear initial value problem using a contraction mapping argument.
The purely affine Lagrangian for linear electrodynamics, that has the form of the Maxwell Lagrangian in which the metric tensor is replaced by the symmetrized Ricci tensor and the electromagnetic field tensor by the tensor of homothetic curvature, is dynamically equivalent to the Einstein-Maxwell equations in the metric-affine and metric formulation. We show that this equivalence is related to the invariance of the Maxwell Lagrangian under conformal transformations of the metric tensor. We also apply to a purely affine Lagrangian the Legendre transformation with respect to the tensor of homoth…
Thermodynamic Coupling of Mass and Electromagnetic Fields: Entropic Origin of Parity Asymmetry and the Meissner Effect
本文提出了一种基于熵生产约束的广义电磁动力学理论，揭示了质量与电磁场的热力学耦合，并解释了宇称不对称性和迈斯纳效应的熵起源。
Complex formalism of Riemann - Silberstein - Majorana - Oppenheimer in Maxwell electrodynamics is extended to the case of arbitrary pseudo-Riemannian space - time in accordance with the tetrad recipe of Tetrode - Weyl - Fock - Ivanenko. In this approach, the Maxwell equations are solved exactly on the background of simplest static cosmological models, spaces of constant curvature of Riemann and Lobachevsky parameterized by spherical coordinates. Separation of variables is realized in the basis of Schrödinger -- Pauli type, description of angular dependence in electromagnetic complex 3-vectors …
The electric and magnetic fields of a spatio-temporally varying electric current loop are calculated using the Jefimenko equations. The radiation and the nonradiation parts of the electromagnetic fields are derived in the framework of Maxwell's theory of electromagnetic fields. In this way, a new, exact, analytical solution of the Maxwell equation is found.
Contact topology and electromagnetism: The Weinstein conjecture and Beltrami-Maxwell fields
本研究在四维洛伦兹流形的三维闭黎曼子流形上建立接触拓扑与真空中Maxwell场的联系，运用相关Weinstein猜想定理证明闭场线存在且电磁能量沿Reeb向量场守恒，揭示了一类Maxwell方程解的拓扑特征。
The equivalence between local inertial frames and electromagnetic gauge in Einstein-Maxwell theories
本文研究Einstein–Maxwell理论中局部惯性系与电磁规范的等价性，借助标架对角化与群同构定理，证明力学助推物质等价于施加适当的局部电磁规范变换。
New nonlocal symmetries and conservation laws are derived for Maxwell's equations using a covariant system of joint vector potentials for the electromagnetic tensor field and its dual. A key property of this system, as well as of this class of new symmetries and conservation laws, is their invariance under the duality transformation that exchanges the electromagnetic field with its dual. The nonlocal symmetries of Maxwell's equations come from an explicit classification of all symmetries of a certain geometric form admitted by the joint potential system in Lorentz gauge. In addition to scaling…
Notes on the Geometry of Electromagnetic Fields and Maxwell's Equations along a non-null curves in non flat-3D space forms $M_{q}^{3}(c)$
该研究在非平坦三维空间形式$M_{q}^{3}(c)$中定义正交标架下的方向导数、推广Serret-Frenet关系，给出粒子弯曲弹性能函数及单位向量场能量的几何解释，并求解该空间中的麦克斯韦方程。
The problem of classification of exact solutions of Maxwell's vacuum equations for admissible electromagnetic fields and homogeneous space-time with the group of motions $G_3(VIII)$ according to the Bianchi classification is considered. All non-equivalent solutions are found. The classification problem for remaining groups of motions $G_3(N)$ has already been solved in the other papers. That is why all non-equivalent solutions of empty Maxwell equations for all homogeneous spaces with admissible electromagnetic fields are known now.
We consider the Lagrangian density for a free Maxwell field, in which the electromagnetic field tensor minimally couples to the affine connection, in the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble theory of gravity. We derive the formulae for the torsion and electromagnetic field tensors in terms of the electromagnetic potential. The divergence of the magnetic field does not vanish: the photon-torsion coupling acts like an effective magnetic monopole density. Such a coupling, which breaks U(1) gauge invariance, is significant only at extremely high energies existing in the very early Universe or inside bla…
In this paper, we present analytic formulas of the temporal convolution kernel functions involved in the time-domain non-reflecting boundary condition (NRBC) for the electromagnetic scattering problems. Such exact formulas themselves lead to accurate and efficient algorithms for computing the NRBC for domain reduction of the time-domain Maxwell's system in $\mathbb R^3$. A second purpose of this paper is to derive a new time-domain model for the electromagnetic invisibility cloak. Different from the existing models, it contains only one unknown field and the seemingly complicated convolutions …
We present a relativistic model describing a thin disk surrounded by a halo in presence of an electromagnetic field. The model is obtained by solving the Einstein-Maxwell equations on a particular conformastatic spacetime background and by using the distributional approach for the energy-momentum tensor. A class of solutions is obtained in which the gravitational and electromagnetic potentials are completely determined by a harmonic function only. A particular solution is given that is asymptotically flat and singularity-free, and satisfies all the energy conditions.
The Maxwell electromagnetic and the Lorentz type force equations are derived in the framework of the R. Feynman proper time paradigm and the related vacuum field theory approach. The electron inertia problem is analyzed within the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms and the related pressure-energy compensation principle. The modified Abraham- Lorentz damping radiation force is derived, the electromagnetic electron mass origin is argued.
In this short note we prove that every contact form on a 3-manifold M induces a solution to Maxwell's equations on M.
Making use of twistor structures and the Kerr theorem for shear-free null geodesic congruences, an infinite family of electromagnetic fields satisfying the homogeneous Maxwell equations in flat Minkowski and the associated curved Kerr-Schild backgrounds is obtained for any such congruence in a purely algebraic way. Simple examples of invariant axisymmetric Maxwell fields are presented.
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