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arXiv cs/9809095cs.NI
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无连接网络层的计算机网络中的拥塞避免,第一部分:概念、目标和方法

Congestion Avoidance in Computer Networks with a Connectionless Network Layer, Part I: Concepts, Goals and Methodology

R. Jain, K. Ramakrishnan

摘要:

当网络中的资源需求超过容量,并且由于网络中太多的排队而导致分组丢失时,就发生了拥塞。在拥塞期间,网络吞吐量可能下降到零,并且路径延迟可能变得非常高。拥塞控制方案帮助网络从拥塞状态中恢复。拥塞避免方案允许网络在低延迟和高吞吐量的区域中操作。这样的方案防止网络进入拥塞状态。拥塞避免是一种预防机制,而拥塞控制是一种恢复机制。比较了拥塞避免、流量控制和拥塞控制的概念。已经确定了许多用于拥塞避免的可能替代方案。从这些人中挑选了几个人进行研究。这些计划的选择和目标的标准进行了说明。特别是,我们希望该计划是全球性的高效,公平,动态,收敛,鲁棒性,分布式,配置独立等这些目标和测试用例,用于验证是否一个特定的计划已经达到了目标进行了描述。我们将网络和用户的拥塞避免策略建模为一个反馈控制系统。一个通用的拥塞避免方案的关键组成部分是:拥塞检测,拥塞反馈,反馈选择器,信号滤波器,决策功能,和增加/减少算法。这些组成部分已经解释。

英文摘要:

Congestion is said to occur in the network when the resource demands exceed the capacity and packets are lost due to too much queuing in the network. During congestion, the network throughput may drop to zero and the path delay may become very high. A congestion control scheme helps the network to recover from the congestion state. A congestion avoidance scheme allows a network to operate in the region of low delay and high throughput. Such schemes prevent a network from entering the congested state. Congestion avoidance is a prevention mechanism while congestion control is a recovery mechanism. We compare the concept of congestion avoidance with that of flow control and congestion control. A number of possible alternative for congestion avoidance have been identified. From these a few were selected for study. The criteria for selection and goals for these schemes have been described. In particular, we wanted the scheme to be globally efficient, fair, dynamic, convergent, robust, distributed, configuration independent, etc. These goals and the test cases used to verify whether a particular scheme has met the goals have been described. We model the network and the user policies for congestion avoidance as a feedback control system. The key components of a generic congestion avoidance scheme are: congestion detection, congestion feedback, feedback selector, signal filter, decision function, and increase/decrease algorithms. These components have been explained.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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